2. What is Measurement
The act or process of measuring something a size or
length or anything id defined as Measurement.
3. Objectives:
1. Design of equipment and processes
2. Proper operation control and maintenance of
processes
3. For evaluating the performance of a system
4. To test the functioning of components
4. Types Of Measurements
1. Linear Measurement
2. Angular and Taper Measurement
3. Screw Thread Measurement
4. Gear Measurement
5. Surface Finish Measurement
6. Temperature Measurement
7. Pressure Measurement
8. Miscellaneous Measurement
5. Instrumentation and Different
Characteristics of Measurement
Instrumentation : It is the technology of making
measurement and in which the instruments are used
for sensing, measurement, control and monitoring the
physical and chemical properties of material.
7. Characteristics :
Dynamic Characteristics :
Speed of response
Measuring lag
Fidelity
Dynamic error
Overshoot
Dead time and dead zone
Frequency response
8. Errors and their Classification
Errors : The error in measurement is the difference
between the measured value and the true value of the
measured dimension.
Reasons :
1. Manufacturing error in instrument.
2. Defective instruments.
3. Environmental effect (temperature, humidity, etc)
4. Human errors (observation, adjustment, etc.)
5. Manual adjustment of an instrument.
10. Metrology ,Types and its
Objectives
Metrology : It is the science of measurement.
Types Of Metrology :
Industrial metrology
Medical metrology
11. Objectives :
1. To minimize the cost of inspection by efficient and
effective use of available facilities.
2. To minimize the cost of rejection and re- work through
application of statistical quality control techniques.
3. To maintain the accuracies of measurement.
4. To determine the process capabilities and ensure that
these are better than the relevant component tolerances.
5. To do complete evaluation of newly developed products.
6. To standardize the measuring methods.
12. Standards of Measurement :
Primary Standards :
They are the material standards
preserved under most careful conditions. These are
not used directly for measurements but are used once
in 10 or 20 years for calibrating secondary standards.
Ex: International Prototype meter , Imperial Standard
yard
13. Standards of Measurement
Secondary Standards:
These are the close copies of
primary standards with respect to design, material and
length. Any error existing in this standards is recorded
by comparison with primary standards after long
intervals. They are kept at a number of places under
great supervision and serve as reference for tertiary
standards. This also acts as safeguard against the loss
or destruction of primary standards.