Learn Yoruba - FSI Intermediate Course

FOREIGN SERVICE INSTITUTE
YORUBA
INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
o EPA R T MEN T 0 F S TAT E

YORUBA
INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
This work was compiled and published with
the assistance of the Peace Corps.
Authors
H. DAVID McCLURE JOHN O. OYEWALE
FOREIGN SERVICE INSTITUTE
WASHINGTON, D.C.
1967
D EPA R T MEN T o F 5 TAT E
For sale by the Ruperintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C., 20402 - Prke $1.25

YORUBA: INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
PREFACE
The recorded texts which this volume accompanies are intended for use
after an introductory Yoruba textbook and be fore or along with such a course as
Wolffs Second-Year Yorubo. Emphasis is on developing vocabulary andfluencyo
The content of the texts was chosen with special regard to the needs of Peace
Corps Volunteers, but it should also be of interest to other students of Yorubao
The book was produced during the summer of 1966, when Mro McClure was
an intern linguist on the staff of the Foreign Service Ins tituteo Director of the
project was Earl Wo Stevick, who suggested the format and served as occasional
consultanto Irma C Ponce and Betty Painter typed and assembled the camera
copy" Recordings were made in the FSI studios under the direction of Gary Alley"
Karen Courtenay of U"CLAo provided special assistance;n readying three of the
texts for publicationo
Most of the cost of this project was underwritten by the Peace Corpso
~R£Ji]ames Ro Frith, Dean
School of Language Studies
Foreign Service Institute
Department of State

Introduction
This course is based on a series of brief monologs, recorded
impromptu by John o. Oyewale, a western-educated native speaker of
Yoruba from the QY9 area. It is intended for students who have
already had an introduction to the language. The central part of
the course is the recordings 7 these printed materials are meant
to be used in supplementary and auxiliary function.
The distinctive characteristic of this series of monologs is
the degree to which they overlap one another. Overlapping is of
two kinds. First, there are several monologs on each general
topic. Second, each monolog (with one exception) is presented
two or three times, with minor variations in each version. Thus,
recurrence of grammar and vocabulary is built into the materials
without destroying their spontaneity and authenticity.
The topics themselves were chosen for their relevance to the
interests of a person -- especially a Peace Corps Volunteer --
who expects to use Yoruba in Nigeria. The information given is
intended to be factual. Some topics involve comparison of former
times with the present. For others (notably 11, 12, 14, 17, 19 -
26, 29 - 30, 32 - 33) the speaker was asked to talk within the
framework of traditional times and customs. In general, the
material is slanted for those who are working in less westernized
settings.
Each tape recorded monolog is followed by questions relating
to it. In the book, each version of each monolog is presented in
a number of different ways.
On the fourth tape (32 - Supplement) ,there are two kinds of
supplementary materials which are not represented in the textbook.
The first consists of two conversations. The second consists of
additional monologs.
The spelling and orthography used are for the most part
standard Yoruba writing. The object pronoun and possessive modi-
fier pronoun for third person plural are written nWQn here.
Students accustomed to a phonemic orthography should note that
third person singular object pronouns are indicated in writing by
placing a -over the vowel of the verb. The system for marking
tones uses five symbols:
for high or predictaBle rising glide after low
for low or predictable falling glide after high
for low-rising glide
ii

for high-falling glide.
/
for mid in words spelled with a - , such as s~ 'do it.'
Elsewhere, mid tone is unmarked.
This system, while not always phonetically accurate, is con-
sidered adequate for an intermediate level student. Certain words
are not marked for tone. There are:
rna =maa
dad~ = daadaa
papa
v- A"'"
= paapaa
nal~ = baal~
bale = baale
arun -"" .....
= oorun
Placing both ~ and a single tone mark ove~ a vowel symbolizes
a two-mora vowel with level pitch, such as in Awe [aawe). A
knowledge of subject tone rise, juncture between noun and posses-
sive pronoun, and juncture between noun and consonant-initial noun
is assumed on the part of the student.
Suggestions to the student for using the materials without a tutor.
1. Listen to a version of one monolog several times
before looking at it in the textbook. Find out what
you can already comprehend.
2. Study the written materials as necessary to learn the
vocabulary and sentence structures used.
3. Listen until you can easily comprehend everything
you hear.
4. Using the pause or stop mechanism on your tape
recorder, mimic each sentence or phrase-group
until smooth, accurate production is easy.
5. Again using the pause or stop control, let the
recorder dictate the text to you as you transcribe
it.
6. Read aloud the two copies of the speech with words
blanked out, filling in the blanks orally as you
read.
iii

7. Mark tones on the copy you wrote as a dictation
exercise, stopping the recorder as necessary. Check
your marking with the marks in the book. Remember
that repeating before marking is usually very helpful.
8. Answer the questions on the tape, using the stop or
pause mechanism.
9. Answer any remaining questions in the book.
Suggestions for using the materials with a tutor.
You should first carry out the steps listed above. Then:
1. The tutor may ask additional questions.
2. Ask questions of the tutor, without use of the
written copy, immediately following the tutor's
reading or reciting of the speech.
3. Complete statements begun by the tutor.
4. Give an English equivalent for any statement given
by the tutor. After all versions of a speech have
been studied, the tutor should vary the statements
from those in the book. (The degree of change
should be limited only by your own ability.)
5. Give a brief, somewhat formal speech to the instruc-
tor. When possible, this should be recorded and the
tutor should help you evaluate it. Request him
to comment not only on grammar and pronunciation,
but upon total communication effectiveness.
Experimental f€atures of this book.
The substance of this book is simply a series of brief, over-
lapping texts, presented on the tape and in four printed versions
each in the book. These oral texts should give the student ample
material for developing comprehension skills within the limits of
style and vocabulary inherent in the monologs.
Further, the two different kinds of blank filling (marking
tones and supplying the omitted words or phrases) should be an
effective substitute for sheer memorization for many students.
This is the second experimental feature of the text.
iv

Finally, the mechanical process of producing the required
four copies of the Yoruba is in itself an experiment. From one
corrected typed page, four copies of the Yoruba (and one each of
the English and the questions) were made, using the Xerox 914
Copier. Words were first crossed out by Mr. Oyewale, then covered
by a typist using gummed correction labels on which hyphens had
been typed. The English and the questions were copied in order to
try to achieve a more uniform appearance in the final photographic
reproduction of the book. Thus, a considerable amount of typing,
proof reading and correction was avoided.
v

ABOUT THE AUTHORS
JOHN O. OYEWALE was born at Awe, a town near Oyo, and spent
his early childhood in Lagos, where his parents were working. At
the age of six he returned to Awe, where he received his elementary
education. He then went to Tede, near Shaki, to take up an ap-
pointment as a probationary teacher for three years. After
resigning this post, he attended the Baptist Teachers Training
College at Iwo, where he spent five years. He was sent to teach
in a Baptist school at Ihiagwa in OWerri Province (Eastern Region)
where he stayed for two years. He was later transferred to teach
at Ilaro, near Abeokuta, remaining there for four years. During
his last six years before coming to the United States, he was in
Ibadan, first as a school teacher and then as headmaster.
In 1960, Mr. Oyewale came to the United States to major in
English. He holds the Bachelor's degree from Virginia Union Uni-
versity, and the M. A. from Howard University.
H. DAVID McCLURE has an M. A. in Linguistics from Michigan
State University, where as a graduate student he was responsible
for conducting a course in Yoruba. He is presently on the faculty
of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface i
Introduction ii
About the Authors vi
Page
Lagos - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3
Ibadan - Text 1
'rext 2
IfE:; - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3
9Y9 - Text 1
Text 2
Ogbom9shQ - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3 .
,-
AWff - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3 .
Travel from AW~ to Ibadan - Text 1 .
Text 2 ••••.•••.•••......•••••
Travel from Lagos to Ibadan by Train - Text 1
Text 2
Travel from Lagos to Ibadan by Road - Text 1
Text 2
The Hoe - Text 1
Text 2
Mortar and Pestle - Text 1
Text 2
The Cutlass - Text 1.
Text 2
Text 3
vii
1
4
6
8
10
13
15
17
19
22
26
29
32
35
38
41
44
46
48
51
54
57
60
63
66
69
72
75
78

. ....... . ... .. . ........ . .. ..... . ...........
............ .......... ............. . . . . ....
. .. .. . . . . .
....... .
81
84
87
90
93
96
99
102
Page
105
108
110
112
·... ............... . ... . .. ....
·.... .
·... . . ............ . .. .
· ..... ........... .. . . .
·...... .............. .
· . . . .. .
·.. ... .... ................. . .
·... . .. . ... ............... . . ........
Buying Food in 9Y1
i - Text 1
Text 2
Food Preferences - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3
Rainy Seascn - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3
Garden - Text 1
Text 2
Dry Season - Text 1
Text 2
Menus and Mealtime - Supplementary Text .
Stranger in Town - Text 1 .
Text 2 ·.. .............................
........ . . ... .... .... .
.. . . ...............................
...............................
115
119
122
125
128
132
135
138
141
144
147
. .......................
........................
· .
· .
·........... .
Text 3
Women's Work at Horne - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3
Traditional Yoruba Meals - Text 1
Text 2
Having Company - Text 1
Text 2
Women's Work Outside the Home - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3
.. .
...................... . .
Men's Work at Home - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3
Children's Work - Text 1
Text 2
·............. ....... ..... ....
·............ .... .... . .
· .
150
154
157
160
163
1666
169
172
Some Modern Occupations - Text 1
Text 2
... .... .
. . .
175
178
viii

· .
· .
· .
· .
Page
182
185
188
191
194
197
200
203
206
209
212
·.......... . .
· .
·........... . .
· .
· .
· .
· .Building Rapport - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3
Yoruba Greetings - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3
More About Yoruba Greetings - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3
Modern Greeting Customs - Text 1
Text 2
· .
· .
·........................... .
Recommended Peace Corps Projects - Text 1
Text 2
215
218
221
224
227
230
233
235
237
240
243
246
249
252
.................
· .
· .
· .
· .
· .
· .
· .
·................................
·......... .
Being Tactful - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3
Community Development - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3
Instructions to a Child - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3
Poultry Raising - Text 1
Text 2
Text 3
ix

LAGOS-TEXT 1
Eko Je olu 11u fun Na1J1r1a.,
Okun at'9sa wa l~ba Eko, ~ugb~n
okun tOb1 JU ~sa 19.
Awqn en1a P9 pup~ l'Eko.
•
Eko ko J1nna pUP9 srAb~okuta.
Awon en1a t'o wa l
'
Eko J~ on1~owo ••
lae agbe ko Sl tobe l'Eko.." .
Awqn ara Eko f~ran fSJ1.
1
Lagos lS the cap1tal C1ty of
N1ger1a.
The ocean and the lagoon are
near Lagos, but the ocean
1S larger than the lagoon.
There are very many people 1n
Lagos •
Lagos lS not very far from
Abeokuta.
The people who are 1n Lagos are
traders.
Farm1ng 18 almost nonex1stent
1n Lagos.
The people of Lagos enJoy an
easy I1fe (h1gh I1v1ng,
pleasure) •

, / / , I " / / ' " I I '
Eko Je olu 11u fun Na1J1r1a.,
, " , , " " / V ' / , /
Okun at'9sa wa l~ba Eko, ~ugb~n
" / '- "okun tob1 JU ~sa 19.
" " , , " I''' / V
Aw~n en1a P9 PUP~ l'Eko •
•
/ , " " / , r / ' /
Eko ko J1nna pUP9 s'Ab~okutae
Eko __ olu 11u •
, , , , / "- ,I
" / /
"
,Awon en1a t'o wa 1 'Eko JEt on1~owo.
•
/ , "- , / 1 A / V
rse agbe ko S1 tobe l'Eko... . .
" /
, / / , V "
Awqn ara Eko feran faJ1.•
--- Je fun Na 1J1r1a., --
Okun at'9sa
okun _
- ..-- ---,
__________ wa
____ tOb1 JU -._- -....
Aw~n en1a •
Eko -- ----- ---- s 'Abeokuta ••
Aw~n en1a -- on1~owo.
IqE( agb~ -- -- - ... --- 1 'Eko.
---- ----P9 PUP~ l'Eko.
___ ko J1nna pUP9 s' •
_______ ~t'o wa l'Eko JE( e
_______ ko S1 tob~ l' •
Awqn ara ----.. fa JJ..
2
-- Eko f~ran •

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Kinni elu i1u fun Naijiria?
Aw?n emi nla meji we ni e wa I~ba Eke?
Ewo ni 0 tobi ju ninu w?n?
Nje enia die ni e ngbe Eke?. ,
Ilu wo ni ke jinna PUp? si Eke?
Iru i~~ wo ni ?P?l?P? awpn ti e wa ni Eko n~e?
Bawo ni ise agbe tiRe ri ni Eko?• 1 f T
lru igbe aiye wo ni aw?n ara Eke f~ran?
3

LAGOS-TEXT 2
Eko Je olu 1lu run NS1J1r1a •
•
Okun at'~sa wa l~ba Eko, ~ugb9n
okun J1nna d1~ s'Eko JU 9sa 19.
Odo okun kun run 1Y9.
Odo 9sa ko n'1Y9 pupq.
Ab~okuta ko J1nna pUP9 s'Eko.
Ibadan J1nna d1~ s'Eko.
Ilaro sunm9 Abyokuta JU'badan 1q_
..... ...... ...... I... ' I
Okun at'~sa wa lyba Eko, ~ugb9n
" "......" #'" ",.."
okun J1nna d1y s'Eko JU 9sa 19-
, " ~ ,/ "-
ado okun kun run 119-
4
Lagos 1S the cap1tal c1ty of
N1ger1a.
The ocean and lagoon are near
Lagos, but the ocean 1S a
l1ttle farther from Lagos
than the lagoon.
The ocean 15 full of salt.
The lagoon does not have a lot
of salt.
Abeokuta 18 not very far from
Lagos.
Ibadan 1S a I1ttle d1stance from
Lagos.
11aro 18 closer to Abeokuta than
Ibadan.
Odo
, "-
ko n'i199sa pupq.
.;' " ,
kO "
.... #
"
~
.,
Abeokuta J1nna pUP9 s 'Eko..
....
" "
~ ...
., v
Ibadan J1nna d1e s'Eko.•
,
" ~ , , , , , .... ..... .....
Ilaro sunmo Abeokuta Ju'badan lq.• •

Eko J~ run Na1J1r1a.
__________ wa l~ba Eko, ~ugb9n
____ J1nna d1~ S' _
____ kun run 119.
Odo 9sa ko •
olu 11u •
Okun at'osa Eko. -- ---- , ------
okun s'Eko JU 9sa 19-
Odo okun
ko n'1Y9 puPq.
_------- __ J1nna pUP9 s'Eko. Abeokuta ko•
s ,
•
Ibadan d1~ s' • - J1nna s'Eko •
sunmo Abeokuta.. -------- • Ilaro
----- -------- JU'badan lq•
1. Kinni Eko je fun Naijiria?,
2. Ninu qsa ati okun ewo ni 0 sunm~ Eko ju?
3. Kinni odo okun kun fun?
4. Bawo ni "Ibadan ti~e jinna si Eko si?
5. Ninu Abeokuta ati Ibadan, ewo ni 0 sunmo Eko?
• .
6. I1u wo ni 0 sunmo Abeokuta ju Ibadan 10?, • •

LAGOS-TEXT 3
Eko J~ olu 11u run 11u Na1J1r1a.
Odo 9sa at'okun wa l~ba Eko, ~ugb9n
okun tob1 PUp~ J'9sa 1~.
Abr0kuta ko J~nna s'Eko.
Ibadan J1nna s'Eko JU Abpokuta lq.
Ilaro wa lar1n Abeokuta at'Eko •
•
Lagos 1S the cap1tal C1ty of
N1ger1a.
The lagoon and ocean are near
Lagos, but the ocean 1S
b1gger than the lagoon.
The ocean conta1ns salt.
The lagoon does not conta1n
as much salt as the ocean.
Abeokuta 1S not far from Lagos.
Ibadan 1S farther from Lagos
than Abeokuta.
Ila~o 1S between Abeokuta and
Lagos.
' ' ' ' ' ' " / , ,
Ilaro wa lar1n Abeokuta at'Eko •
•
...... '" ~~ , v
'. " " " , " " v ~ , Ibadan J1nna s 'Eko JU Ab~okUta lq.
Odo 9sa at'okun wa l~ba Eko, ,ugb9n
okun tob1 P~P~ J'9sa 19.
Odo " '"
.... / ,
okun n1 1yq nlllu.
" '.
" / , J ....
"Oss ~o n1 1yq to odo okun.•
6

_____ olu 11u fun 11u • Eko Jy Na1J1r1a.
Odo 9sa at'okun Eko, ,ugbQn
okun J'Qsa l~e
--- wa l~ba Eko,
____ tob1 pup~ __e
• Odo nl. nl.nUe
9sa __ __ l.yq __ odo okun. ko nl. to e
Abeokuta
• Jl.nna _____ e ________ ko stEko.
Ibadan s'Eko JU _
_____ wa Abeokuta at'Eko.,
•
_ J1nna Abrokuta lq•
Ilaro wa rar1n ______________ e
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Eko je fun Naijiria.
, --
Nibo ni odo okun ati psa wa?
Ninu odo okun ati osa, ewo ni 0 kere ju?,
Iyo po ninu ju 10.t . - _ .
Bi ibuso lati Eko si Abeokuta ba je ogota, ibuso lati Eko si. . . ., ,
Ibadan yio le si ni tabi yio din si ogota?, .
Bawo ni I1aro ti,e wa 8i Abeokuta ati Eko?t
7

IBADAR'-TEX'! 1
Ibadan Je olu 11u tun 1J9ba 1v9
orun Na1J1r1a.
0Jo a rna r? pUPq n'Ibadan.
L'aS1ko ~run n'Ibadan, orun a
rna mu pUPq.
Ibadan Jy 11u t'o tob1 JU gbogbo
11u yoku 19 n1 Ba1JLr1a.
Ibadan n1 ohun t1 0 P9 JU Eko 1~
n1nu 1~T qW9.
Ibadan tobl. pupo JU awon 1.1u. . .YOku 10•
•
' , , , I ; , j ;~" "
Ibadan J~ olu 11u tun 1J9ba 1w9
-" " " ,,'orun Na1J1r1a.
..... , ... / .... , ..........
OJo a rna r? pupq n'Ibadan.
~ ... " "" ,.... . -"
L'as1ko ~run n'Ibadan, orun a
- '"ma mu puPq.
8
Ibadan 1S the cap1tal C1ty ot
the government of the Western
Prov1nces of N1ger1a.
It usually ra1ns a lot 1n Ibadan.
In the dry season 1n Ibadan, the
sun sh1nes a lot.
Ibadan 1S the c1t'1 Wh1Ch 1S
b1gger than all other c1t1es
1n N1ger1a.
Ibadan has more ot handcratts
than Lagos.
Ibadan 18 very b1g, [and]
surpasses the other c1t1es.
... """Ibadan Jy 11u tto tob1 JU gbogbo
... " 'oJ... ,; ... , " , "
11u yom 19 n1 Ba1JLr1a.
.... ..... .... ,
Ibadan ohun '"
, ....
" ,
n1 t1 0 P9 JU Eko 10
".
"
•
nl.nu 1~T qW9.
...
" " "
,
Ibadan tob1 " " ilupUP9 JU aw~n
... "-
YOku 10 •
•

Ibadan Je olu 11u 1W9
•
orun Na1J1rl.a.
__ olu 1.1U 1J9ba _
Na1J1r1a.
___ a rna ro n'Ibadan.
• OJo a n'Ibadan•
L'aS1ko ~run ,L'aS1ko
puPq·
-n'Ibadan, orun a
ma mu •
Ibadan Jy --_ JU gbogbo
11u yoku 19 n1 Na1J1rl.a.
11u t'o tob1 JU _
10 n1 Na1J1r1a •
•
Ibadan n1 ohun t1 0 P9 JU __
n1nu --- --_.
Ibadan n1 __ _ __ JU Eko 1~
n1nu 1se..
tOb1 pUP9 JU ___
10.I
Ibadan
yoku 10.I
---- JU aw~n 11u
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Da'ruk? olu ilu fun ij9ba iw? orun Naijiria.
Bawo ni 0)'0 se nro 8i ni Ibadan?• I
Se apejuwe oju 9j9 ni aeiko ~run ni Ibadan.I
Fi titobi Ibadan we awon ilu 'yoku ni Naijiria.
•
Kinni Ibadan ni ti 0 po ju ti Eko 19?
•
9

lBADAN-TEXT 2
Ibadan Jr olu 1Iu fun 1J9ba 1w9
orun Nal.Jl.r1a.
Ibadan n1 0 tOb1 JU n1nu gbogbo
1Iu t1 0 wa n1 Na1J1r1a.
9Ja p~ pUP9 n'Ibadan.
Ibadan ko J1nna pUP9 S1 ~agamu.
Ibadan ko tun J1nna S1 9Y~ at1
Abeokuta •
•
9Ja t'o wa n'Ibadan P9 puPq JU
t'1lu yoku 10.t
Ibadan Jy 1lu t'o n1 on1~owo puPq.
Awon ara Ibadan Je ologbon.• , • 1 ,
10
Ibadan 1S the cap1tal c1ty of
the government of the Western
Prov1nces of N1ger1a.
It 15 Ibadan wh1ch 1S b1ggest
of all the c1t1es Wh1Ch are
1n N1ger1a.
The markets ot Ibadan are very
plent1ful.
Ibadan 1S not very far trom
Sagamu.
Ibadan 18 also not far from
Oyo and Abeokuta.
The markets wh1ch are 1n Ibadan
are very numerous, more than
those of all the other c1t1es.
Ibadan 1S a C1ty wh1ch has many
traders.
The people ot Ibadan are W1se
(smart) •

YORUBA:
ib~d~n Ji ol~ ilu tUn ~J9ba 1w9
_.... ....", "' ...
orun Nal.Jl.rl.a.
Ibadan nl. 0 tab1 JU ninu gbogbo
" , / / .... / '" I':.J.."
11u tl. 0 wa n1 Na1J1r1a •
.., ~ "
Ibad~n ko Jinna pUP9 81 ~agamu.
Ibadan J¥ --- --- tun 1J9ba 1w9
orun Nal.JJ.r1a.
------ -- 0 tob1 JU n1nu gbogbo
________ n1 NaJ.J1r1a.
___ P~ pUP9 n' -
INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
Ib;d~n ko tUn Jinna 81 9Y~ atJ.
Abeokuta.
•
9J8 t'~ wa n,ib~dan P~ puPq JU
t'11u yokU I?
------ J? olu 11u tun ___
-orun Nal.JJ.r1a.
Ibadan nJ. 0 __ n1nu gbogbo
t1 0 wa nJ. Na1J1r1a.
9Ja n'Ibadan.
------ ko Jl.nna PUP9 81 • Ibadan 81 Sagamu.
•
Jl.nna 81 9Yrr atl.
Abeokuta •
•
9J8 t'o wa n'Ibadan JU
t'11u YOlm 10.t
Ibadan n1 on1~owo puPq.
Ibadan ko tun J1nna 81 _
PCl pUPq JU
t'11u yoku 1<;>.
Ibadan J~ 11u t'o n1 _ •
11
Awon ara Ibadan Je •
• •

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Bawo ni Ibadan ti~e j~ fun ij?ba iwp orun Naijiria?
Ilu wo ni 0 tobi ju ni Naijiria?
Da'ruko nkan kan ti 0 po pupo ni Ibadan.
. "
Da'rukq ilu m~ta ti ko jinna si Ibadan.
~e apejuwe aW9n ara Ibadan.
Iru awon osise wo 1'0 po ni Ibadan?
. " . .
12

lFE - TEXT 1
•
Ile-If~ J~ 11u t'o ~e patak1 PUP9
fun awon Yoruba.
•
Itan so, w1pe Yoruba bere lat1
• •
lIe-Ire.
•
Oduduwa l'en1 t1 0 se Yoruba s11e.
• • • •
If~ J~ 1lu t'o tob1.
Opolopo ere 1'0 wa n1 Ile-Ife.
• • • • •
Opa Oranyan Je ohun tfo se patak1
•• • •
n1 Ile-Ife •
•
Oduduwa t'o ~~ Yoruba s11~ J'en1a t1 0 se patak1 •
•
'" ' / ' "'" " .... , / .......
Ile-If~ J~ 11u t'o ~e patak1 PUP9
rUn awon YorUba ••
It~n so, wipe Yoruba bere lat1
• •'" '
lIe-Ire.
•
, , ' "' ..... / / ....
Oduduwa l'en1 ti 0 se Yoruba s1le.
• • • •
13
Ife 1S a C1ty of great 1mportance
to the Yoruba people.
Trad1t10n says the Yorubas
or1g1nated from Ife.
Oduduwa 1S the person from whom
the Yorubas have descended.
Ife 18 a large C1ty.
There are many p1ctoral
carv1ngs 1n Ire.
Oranyan's staff 1S an 1mportant
th1ng J.n Ife.
Oduduwa from whom the Yorubas
descended 1S an 1mportant
person.
" ' , ", .... '" / '
Opolopo ere 1'0 wa n1 Ile-Ife.
• • • • •
Op~ Or;ny~n J~ ohun tfo se pataki
•• • •, " '
nJ. Ile-Ife.
•
, ......' '" "
Oduduwa t'o ~y Yorub~ s11y J~
en18 ti 0 se patak1.
•

IIe- Iry JE( 1Iu t '0 -- ------ pUP9
fun awon Yoruba..
Itan 89 w1pe lat1
lIe-Ire.
•
lle-Iry JE( 1Iu t'o ~e patak1 pUP9
fun •
Yoruba bere lat1
• •
lIe-Ire •
•
1'~n1 t1 0 s11
re
If~ JE( 1Iu t'o e
Oduduwa l'en1 t1 0 se, ..
_____ 11u two tob1.
------ -----
1'0 wa n1 Ile-Ife.,
__________ J~ ohun t'o ~e patak1
n1 lIe-Ire.
•
Oduduwa t'o ~~ J~
en1a t1 0 se patak1.
•
Opolopo I '0 wa n1 - •., , .
ppa Oranyan Je __ _ 1
•• •
n1 Ile-Ife •
•
Oduduwa t'o ~E( Yoruba s11y J~
------.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
lru ilu wo ni lle-lfe je fun awon Yoruba?t ' •
Kinni itan so nipa isedale awon Yoruba?, , . . ,
Tani 0 se awon Yoruba sile?,. ,
lfe kere ni tabi 0 tobi?I
Da'ruk9 aW9n nkan ti 0 P? ni lle-If~.
Kinni 0 ~e pataki ti a Ie ri ni Ile-If~~
14

IrE - TEXT 2,
lr~ Jy 1lu t'o fe patak1 pUP9 n1nu
1tan Yoruba.
Oduduwa n1 ~n1 t'o se awan Yoruba• • T
s11e •.
ppa 9ranyan J¥ ohun t1 0 ~e patak1
lat1 r1 n1 lIe-Ire •
•
On1 n1 oruko oba lIe-Ire 'Je.. , . ..
Awon ara lIe-lie k1 saba kola., . ,
lr~ J~ 1lu t1 0 lok1k1 pupp n1nu
aw~n Na 1Jl.rl.a.
Awon ara lIe-Ire Je on1se o.wo.., ., ,
Ir~ J~ ~lu t'o ,e patak1 pUP9 n1nu
itsn Yoruba.
Oduduwa n1 ~nl. t'~ f~ aW9n Yoruba
sfle •
•
Cpa Oranyan Je ohun ti 6 se patak1
• • • •
lat1 r~ ni Il~-Ife•
•
Ire 1S a C1ty of great 1mportance
1n Yoruba trad1tl.on.
Oduduwa 1S the person from whom
the Yorubas have descended.
The staff of Oranyan 1S an
1mportant thl.ng to see 1n lie.
On1 1S the tl.tular name of the
ruler of Ife.
The people of Ire usually do
not have fac1al mark1ngs.
Ire 15 a c1ty of great fame l.n
all N1ger1a.
The people or Ife are craftsmen.
..., / " "
Awon ara Ile-Ife ki saba kola.. . ,
Awon ara lIe-Ire J~ onise o,w6.
.' ., ,

--- -- 1Iu t'o ~e patak1 pUP9 n1nu If~ Jy 1Iu t'o ~e -- PUP9 n1nu
1tan ------. Yoruba.
Oduduwa n1 e.n1 t'o se
• •
s11e.,
Opa Oranyan Je ohun t1 0 .
•• •
n1 Ile-Ife.---- -- .
On1 n1 lle-Ife 'Je.
• • •
n1 ~n1 t'o __ aW9n Yoruba
s11e.•
--- ---- Jy ohun t1 0 ~e patak1
---- __ n1 lIe-Ire.
•
___ n1 orukp ~ba --- --- 'JY.
---- --- lIe-Ire ki saba kola.
• • Aw~n ara Ile-If~ ki •
___ __ t1 0 lok1k1 PUP? n1nu
awon Na1J1r1a.
•
Ire Je 11u t1 0 n1nu
• •
awon Na1J1r1a •
•
Awon ara on1~~ qwq. Awon ara Ile-If
r J~ -
1. Da'ruko ilu ti 0 se pataki ninu itan Yoruba., .
2. Tani Oduduwa je?,
3. Nibo ni 9pa Oranyan wa?
•
4. Kinni oruko oye oba Ile-If~?
• •
- ..."
kola?5. Nje awon ara lle-lfe a rna saba
• • • •
6. lse wo ni awon ara lle-lfe n~e?I I
• ,
16

IFlJ - TEXT .3
Ir~ J~ 11u t1 0 ,e patak1 PUp? n1nu
awon 1tan Yoruba •
•
Oduduwa n1 ~n1 t1 1tan 89 wipe 0 ,~
Yoruba 511e.
•
ppa 9ranyan J~ ohun t1 0 ~e patak1
lat1 r1 n1 lIe-Ire.e
-On1 n1 oruko nba lIe-Ire 'Je.• • i • •
tfI'IV
Awon ara lIe-Ire k1 saba kola.
• • •
Awon ara lIe-Ire kun tun 1se o,wo.
• • • • •
lIe-Ire Je 1Iu t1 0 dara.
• •
/ ' 1 I I ' " / , I I
If~ J¥ 1Iu t1 0 ,e patak1 PUp? n1nu
. " ",.awon 1tan Yoruba •
•
" I"~ / I ' /
Oduduwa n1 ~n1 t1 1tan s9 w1pe 0 ,~
, / / '
Yoruba 511e •
•
' I ' /" / ,. / '"Opa Oranyan J~ ohun t1 0 ,e patak1
. /' / / / ,
lat1 r1 n1 lIe-Ire.,
17
Ife 1S a c1ty of great 1mportance
1n the trad1t10ns of the Yorubas.
Oduduwa 1S the person from whom,
accord1ng to trad1t10n, the
Yorubas have descended •
The staff of Oranyan 15 an
1mportant th1ng to see 1n Ife.
On1 1S the t1tular name of the
ruler of Ife.
The people of Ire usually do not
have fac1al mark1ngs.
The people of Ire are fond of
craft work.
Ire 1S a n1ce C1ty.
I' /
,.
"- oba lIe-Ire 'Je.On1 nJ. oruko
• , • • •
, / " "
/~
"Awen ara lIe-Ire kl. saba kola.
• • •
, / ' / /
AweD ara lIe-Ire kun fun 1se qwq.. • .,
/ / / / / /
lIe-Ire Je 1Iu t1 0 dara.
• •

YORUBA: INTERMEDIATE TEX'I'S
--- -- ---. t~ 0 ~e PUp? n1nu
awan ~tan Yoruba.
•
Oduduwa n1 ~n1 t1 ---- -- -___ 0 ,~
Yoruba s1Ie.
•
lfy Jy ~Iu t~ 0 ~e patak1 PUp? n1nu
____ Yoruba •
------- -- ~n1 t1 ~tan s9 W1pe 0 ~~
------ ----.
--- ------- J~ ohun t1 0 __ _ _
Iat1 r1 n1 lIe-Ire.t
Opa Je ohun t1 0 se patak1
• • •
---- -- n1 lIe-Ire.f
-On1 n1 oruko
• • --- --- 'Je.
•
oba lIe-Ire
• • 'Je.
•
~
-- .~__ k1 saba kola.
•
Awon ara lIe-Ire k1 •
• •
Aw?n kun fun ___• Awon ara lIe-Ire
• •
lIe-Ire Je 11u t1 •
• •
lIe-Ire Je dara.
• •
1. Ife je ilu ninu awon itan Yoruba.
• • •
2. ni eniti itan so wipe 0 se awon Yoruba aile.I
• •• f .
3. Tani 9ni je?
•
4. je ohun ti 0 se pataki lati ri ni lle-lfe.I
• •
5. Iru ilu wo ni lle-lfe je?
• •
6. Kinni awon ara Ile-lfe kI saba se?
• t •
18

OYO - TEXT 1I •
Oyo je ilu ti 0 se pataki ni ile. . , . .Yoruba.
Awon ilu ti 0 wa yika Oyo ni Awe,• I • ,
Akinmorin, Fiditi ati Shaki..
Awon onise owo po pupo ni 9Yo.t " ' " , . ,
~ango ni oba ti 0 ~e pataki ni,
Py?·
lIe kan ti a npe ni Atiba je ileI
ti 0 tobi pUP9 nibe.I
Igba gbigb~ ati aworan P? PUP9
ni 9yq.
Ak~san ni oja ti 0 tobi pupo larin
• •
pyo.
• •
Awon ara Oyo feran lati ma 10• • I • •
s'oko, nw?n si f~ran lati rna
jo ni oja nigbat'o ba di ojo. . ...
ale.I
910 je ilu ti ko jinna pupo si
" I I
Ibadan.
19
Oyo is an important town in
Yoruba land.
The towns that surround Oyo are
Awe, Akinmorin, Fiditi and
Shaki •
There are many traders in Oyo.
Shango was an important king
in Dyo.
A building that we call 'Atiba'
is a building which is very
big there.
Carving of calabashes and drawings
are very numerous (common) in
Oyo.
Akesan is the market which is
very big in Oyo.
The people of Oyo love to go to
the farm, and they like to
dance in the market when it
becomes evening.
Oyo is a town which is not very
far from Ibadan.

YORUBA:
Oyo je ilu t! ;, se patakl n! ile, , , ' ..... I'
Yoruba.
, , ; , ; ' / , 1 / , / ,1../
Awon ilu ti 0 wa yika Oyo n1 AW"
,,,,~, , ... ,," /
Akinmorin, Fiditi ati Shaki.,
" "" / ' , ... ,
Awc;>n oni;;7 ~'? p? pup~ ni 9Y9.
.... " '" ;' ......... /
~ango ni oba ti 0 ~e pataki ni
... I'
P¥9·
, I , / '- I " ' " ," '1/
lIe kan ti a npe ni Atiba J~ 1 e
/ " / " "' ...
ti 0 tobi pUP9 nib~.
Oyo je ilu ti 0 se p'ataki __ ___I
, . . .
-----_.
INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
/' , , ... ' ...... / " ,
Igba gbigb~ ati aworan P? pUP9
< ... ,
n1 9yq.
" " , .I '" ,..
Ak~san ni ~ja ti 6 t6bi pup~ larin
... "9Yo.t I
.... ,/ " /' '" -AW9n ara 9Y9 frran lati rna 19
s'oko, nw~n s! f,ran lat~ rna
jo nl oj~ nlgbat'o ba d1 oj~I • ,
ale.I
' / ... , , , , .... /,,,
9Y9 j~ ilu ti ko jinna puP9 8i
Ibadan.
ati aworan PC;> PUP9
ni 9yq.
Awon ilu ti 0 __ - ni Awe,. ,
Akinm~rin, Fiditi ati Shaki.
ni oja ti 0 pupo larin. ~
9Yo.t I
p? pup~ ni 9Y9.Awon,
pyo.4 •
ni oba ti 0, ni
Awon ara Oyo feran lati rna 10
I ' " 4
s' , nw?n si f~ran lati rna
_______ nigbat' 0 ba di ~j~
ale.I
lIe kan ti a npe __ _ _
ti 0 tobi pUP9 nib~.
je ile
•
20
9Y9 j~ ilu ti ko
Ibadan.
8i

Yoruba.
ti 0 se p'ataki ni ile
• • Igba gbig~ ati ------ P9 PUP9
ni Oyo.
• •
Awon i1u ti 0 wa yika QYo ni __-.• I •
_________., Fiditi ati Shaki.
Ak¥san ni ti 0 _ __ ~ 1irin
9Yo.
• •
Awon onise 0'110
• ••• •
~ango ni
P¥?
____ ni 9Y9.
_ __ pataki ni
AW9n ara 9Y9 ----- ---- -- __I
s' , nw~n si f~ran 1ati rna
jo ni 9ja nigbat'o ba di pj~
ale.I
___ __- ti a npe ni Atiba j~
ti 0 pupa nibe.T· •
___ __ ilu ti ko jinna puP9 8i
------.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Nibo ni ilu Oyo wa?.,
Awon ilu wo ni o. yi Oyo ka?. , ,
Awon onise wo ni 0 po pupo ni 9Yo,?T , , "
Da'ruko okan ninu awon oba ti 0 se pataki ni Oyo.• , I . • • •
Iru ile wo ni Atiba j~?
Aworan ati kinni 0 P9 PUp? ni Py??
qja wo ni 0 tobi pup~ larin 9Y??
-na'ruko nkan meji ti awon ara Oyo feran lati ma s.e.
• • • • •
Nje Oyo jinna pupo si Ibadan?• I , •
21

OYO - TEXT 2, .
Oyo je ilu ti 0 se pataki pupo• , I • •
ni igboro
l
iwo orun Naijiria.,
AW9n ara 9y? f~ran lati rna gbT
igba ati ise o.na.I I
Afin ni ile
2
ti 0 tobi pUP9 ni
Oyo.I I
Atiba tun j~ ile kan ti 0 ~e
pataki ni igboro 9Y9.
Qja ti aW9n enia f~ran lati rna
na ni 9Y9 ni a npe ni Ak~san.
Oyo is a town which is very
important in western Nigeria.
The people of Oyo love to carve
calabashes and [they like the]
act of embroidery.
The palace is a very big
building in oyo.
Atiba is also a very important
building in oyo.
The market where the people like
to trade in Oro is what we
call 'Akesan.
Oyo do.t I
9ango ni 9ba ti 0 j~ eni ti 0 se3 Shango was a king that founded
I , • Oye (new oye).
l/ni igboro iWQ orun Naijiria/ means 'in all of
western Nigeria. '
2/ilu/ was corrected to /ile/.
3It should be either /,~••• sil~/ or /t, ••• do/,
but not /,~••• do/ as it is.
22

Ni agbegbe Oyo awon agbe po pupo.. . , . . . . I
Iseyin, Shaki, Awe ni awon ilu tiI I • •
nwon yi Oyo ka.
. I'
AW9n ara 9Y9 fTran lati rna jo ni
owo ale.
" .
" , ' / ,/ / " " , I '
?Y9 j~ ilu ti 0 ~e pataki pUP9
( ). b ~ , .,.. " ,,,. ( {'
n1 19 oro 1WO orun Na1J1r1a•
•
, / ' / "" '" I"
AW9n ara QY? f~ran lati rna gbT. b/ " · . I ,
19 a at1 1se ona.I ' t
~ • ./ 1 " , / ; " "
Afin ni 1le ti 0 tobi pUP9 ni
" /
Oyo.I I
,,' ,/ ; , / / /
Atiba tun j~ ile kan ti 0 ~e
' "" /, '"patak1 ni 19boro 9Yq.
, /" ' ' ' ' I ' ./
9ja ti aW9n en1a f~ran lati rna
/ ("".' / ' / " ;
na n1 9Y9 n1 a npe n1 Ak~san.
23
In the vicinity of Oyo farmers
are very numerous.
Iseyin, Shaki and Awe are the
towns that surround Oyo.
The people of Oyo love to
dance in the evening.
" / t{ " " "
,
~ango ni 9ba 0 j~ eni ti 0 ~~•,
" "9Y? do.
f" , , , I
" " "
, ,I

N1 agbegbe Oyo awon agbe po pupo•. , • • • ... .
' I ) /...!/ / ' I I
Isey~n, Shaki, Awe ni awon ilu tiI I • •
I ' , " "
nwon yi Oyo ka.
• ••
Awon ara oy~ f~r~n l~ti ma j~ n{
• •••/ /
owo ale.
'. .

YORUBA:
--- -- --- -- - -- ------ pUP9
ni igboro iwo orun Nai)"iria
I •
AW9n ara 9y? fyran lati rna gbe,
--~- --- -~- ~-~.
----ni ile ti 0 -- ni
Oyo.I •
----- ---j~ ile kan ti 0 set
pataki ni 9yq.
--- ti awon enia feran _. ,
-- ni 9Y9 ni a npe ni Akesan •.
----- -- ti 0 jy ~ni ti 0 ~~
Oyo do.I •
INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
Oyo je ilu ti 0 se pataki pupa• I • • •
ni igooro -- _
____________ feran lati rna gbe
, ,
igba ati ise ona.
l ' •
- ni ile ti 0 tobi pUP9 ni
..........
Atiba tun j~ -' ti 0 ~e
______ ni igboro QY9.
Oja ti awon enia ----- lati rnaI •
na ni 919 •
9ango ni 9ba -------------_ 0 ~~
Oyo do.I •
Ni agbegbe Oyo -___ _ po pupa
. . , ..' . Ni ----------- awon agbe po pupo.I " . . I
------, Shaki, ni awon ilu ti
•
nwon yi Oyo ka.I • •
______ , ------, --_ ni
nwon yi Oyo ka.
• ••
awon ilu ti
•
Awon ara Oyo feran lati rna )"0
• •••
....... _--" _ ... _e
24
AW9n ara 9Y9 fTran ---- -- __ ni
owo ale •' t •

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
-Iru i1u wo ni Oyo je ni igboro iwo orun Naijiria?.. , .
-Lehin igba gbigbe, kinni awon ara Oyo tun feran 1ati rna se?
. . ' " . .
Da'ruko i1e rneji ti ° se pataki ni Oyo.• • • t
Nibo ni a npe ni Akesan ni Oyo?. , ,
Tani sango je?, .
Iru ise wo ni opo1opo awon enia nse ni agbegbe Oyo?, • , , " I , I •
Yato si Shaki, da'rtiko, i1u rneji rniran ti ° yi Oyo ka., . ,
Kinni awon ara Oyo feran 1ati rna se ni owo ale?
• . " " I ,

OGBOMOSHO - TEXT 1
• •
Ogbomosho je okan ninu aW9n ilu. , "
ti 0 tobi ni iw? o~un Naijiria.
Awc;>n ilu ti 0 yi Ogbomc;>sh9 ka ni
PYc;>, I19rin ati Ejigbo.
Ogbomosho to bi maili
• •
metadinlogbon si 9Yo.. " .,
Aw?n ti 0 wa nib~ ni ijq
Baptisi.
Nwon ko sosi ti 0 tobi, nwon si
• • • •
ni ile'we ti 0 po pupa ni
• •
Ogbomosho.. ,
9ja ti 0 ~e pataki pUP9 nibe ni
•
a npe ni Taki.
Awc;>n ara Ogbom9sh~ j~ oni~owo,
nwon a 8i rna 10 si idale.
• • •
26
Ogbomosho is one of the big
towns in western Nigeria.
The towns which surround
Ogbomosho are Dyo, Ilorin
and Ejigbo.
Ogbomosho is about twenty-
seven miles from Dyo.
There are many missionaries
there.
Those that are there belong
to the Baptist Mission.
They built a big church, and
they have schools that are
very numerous in Ogbomosho.
The market which is very
important there is what
we call 'Taki.'
The inhabitants of Ogbomosho
are traders, and they usually
travel far from home ('usually
go to distant places').

YORUBA: INTERMEDIA'rE TEXTS
" , , , -' .-,,,,,, ,,"'" .... "Ogbomosho Je okan n1nu aW9n ilu
· , "~ -' - ' . ~ ~ ..... ...,' .... ,... / I ...
t1 0 tob1 n1 1W? orun Naijiria.
..... ;'"" ,
• •'" ,< '" ..... ~"''-
metad1nlogbon 8i 910.. " .,
, / / '" ..... " .... "
Aw~n oni~~ 9l?rUn p~ PUp~ ni~.
, '" ~ ~ ,.,
AW9n ti 6 wa nib~ ni ijq
'" ...
Baptisi.
_________ __ ninu aW9n ilu
...,'
ti 0 tobi ni iw? orun Naijiria.
AW9n ilu ti 0 yi Ogbom<;>sh9 ka ni
___ , " ati Ej igbo.
;' ", ~",. '" ,
Nw<;>n k<;> 5<;>5i ti 0 tobi, nW9n si
nl ile'we tl 6 P? pUP9 n1
ogbomosho.. ,
9ja ti 0 ~e pataJti pUP9 nib~ ni
; .-: -:
a npe n1 Tak1.
;' ;'.....;'." ~,'
Aw?n ara Ogbom9sh9 J~ on1~OWO,
)0 - ; " ; "
nwon a S1 rna 10 si ida1e.
• • •
Nw<;>n k<;> -- , nwon si
•
ni ile'we ti 0 po pupo ni
• •
Ogbomosho.. ,
9ja ti 0 ~e pataki pUP9 nibe ni
•
AW9n p~ pup~ ni~.
Ogbomosho to bi
• •
metadinlogbon
. " -- ---. Aw?n ara Ogbom9sh~ j~ ,
nw~n a si ma 1<;> si •
27

Ogbomosho je okan ninu aW9n ilu. , I.ti 0 ---- ni _ ---- -------_.
AW9n ilu ti 0 __ __ ni
~?, 119rin ati Ejigbo.
• •
--. 9Yo.• I
AW9n ti 0 wa nib~ ni _
Nwon ko sosi ti 0 tobi, nwon 8i• • I •
ni ' __ ti 0 p? pUP9 ni
Ogbomosho.
• t
pUP9 nibe ni
•
a npe ni Taki.
---_ j~ oni,owo,
nwon a 8i rna 10 81 ida1e.
• • •
1. Iru ilu wo ni Ogbomosho je ni iwo orun Naijiria?
• I · •
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Awon ilu wo ni 0 yi Ogbomqsho ka?
I •
Bawo ni Ogbom9sho ti jinna si Oyo to?• I I
Aw?n ij9 (oji~7 91?run) wo 10 P9 ni ogbom?sh??
Kinni aW9n ij9 na k? si ogbomqsh??
pja wo ni 0 ~e pataki PUp? ni Ogbom~sh??
Iru ise wo ni opolopo awon ara Ogbomosho nse?
• • , • I I ' • I •
Nibo ni awon ara Ogbomosho feran lati ma 10?T • • • I
28

OGBOM9SH9 - TEXT 2
Ninu awpn ilu ti 0 w~ ni iI,
Yoruba, Ogbom9sh9 j~ 9kan
ninu aW9n eyi ti 0 tobi.
AW9n ara ogbom~shq f~ran lati
ma 10 si idale ati lati ma
• •
~owo.
9ja ti 0 ~e pataki pupp niby
l' a npe ni Taki.
Awo.n onise Olorun gegeb! Baptisi" .. .,
P? pUP9 nibEi!.
Nwon ko sosi ati ile'we fun awon. . , .
Aw~n ara Ogbom9sh9 f~ran lati ma
• *OJ
ro oka amola ati lat1 ma seI •
obe gbegiri.
•• •
Awon ara Ogbomosho feran lse• • • I I •
Olorun, nwon a si ma 10 si, • I •
s9si nigba gbogbo.
AW9n ara ogbom9sh? tun f~ran
lati ma kola, papa julo ~u.
• •
29
Among the towns that are in
Yoruba land, Ogbomosho is
one of the big ones.
The people of Ogbomosho like
to travel far from home and
to trade.
we call 'Taki.'
The missionaries such as the
Baptists are very numerous
there.
They built churches and schools
for the (Ogbomosho) children.
The Ogbomosho people love to
prepare turned yam flour
and to cook bean soup.
The people of Ogbomosho love
Christianity, and they go
to church all the time.
to have facial marks,
especially one called 'bamu.'

Nw9n k9 s~i ~ti i1e'we fun aW9n
<;>rnq.
Nin~ aw?n 11u tl 0 w~ nl i1,
Yoruba, ogb6rn?>shf;> j~ 9kan
ninu aW9n eyl t'i 6 tobi.
Awon ara ogbomosho. , .ro oka amo1a ati
• •" .............
obe gbegiri.,. .
"... " .. -f~ran 1at1 rna
, . ~
1at1 rna se
~owo.
...... ~" ... ,~, ...... '"
9Ja t1 0 ~e patak1 PUp? nibT
l' a t;pe ni Taki.
, " ' " , , ~ , .....
AW9n oni~~ 919run g~g,bi Baptisi
... .. -: "'
P? pUP9 n1b~.
Ninu aw?n i1u __ _ __ __ i1~
Yoruba, ogbom9sh<j> j~ 9kan
AWCj>n ara ogbomoshq f~ran ,I
__ ati 1ati rna
~owo.
9ja ti 0 ~e pataki PUp? nibT
l' a .•
AW9n oni~~ 919run
P? pUP9 nib~.
Nw9n k9 ---- ati ------ fun aW9n
?rnq.
, ' ' ' ' ' ' ' . 'Awon ara Ogbornosho fQran 1SQ. , • r IT
, ... - ,
010run, nwon a si rna 10 si, . . .A' ( ...
s9si n1gba qbogbo.
... , , , , , , ~ "
Awon ara Ogbornosho tun feran. ,
, '" ..... -_ ~,
1ati rna kola, papa ju10 bamu.
• •
Aw?n ara Ogborn9sh9 f~ran 1ati "ma
ro ----- ati 1ati rna se
--- -------.
Awon ara Ogbomosho f~ran ise· , • r I ,
010run, nwon a si rna 10 si, . , .
Awon ara Ogbomosho tun feran
. ..'1ati rna ----J papa ju10 •
•
30

____ ti 0 w? ni i1~
Yoruba, JOe okan
, I
_________ f~ran 1ati
rna 19 si ida1~ ati 1ati rna
~owo.
PUp? nib4f
l' a npe ni Taki.
gegeM BaptisiI t
p? pUP9 nib~.
---- -- s9si ati i1e'we fun _
-___ f~ran 1ati rna
ro oka amo1a ati 1ati rna se
• •
Awon ara Ogbornosho ----- ---o • •
______ , nwon a si rna 10 si
, . ' .S9si nigba gbogbo.
Awon ara Ogbornosho -----.o I •
--- ~______ kola, papa jU10 bamu.
• •
1. Ogbornosho je okan ninu awon i1u ti 0 ni Nigeria.
o , I , •
2. Pe1u owo sise kinni awon ara Ogbornosho tun feran 1ati rna se?
I . , I
I , , .
3. Nibo ni a npe ni Taki?
4. Onj~ wo ni awon ara Ogbornosho feran 1ati rna toju?
• • • • •
5. Awon ara ogbomosho feran ise 010run, si -10nwon a rna
, , I
• .. , , , .
6. i1a wo ni ara Ogbornosho feran 1ati -ko?Iru awon rna
, ' , • .
bamu.
31

OGBOM9SH9 - TEXT 3
Ogbomosho je okan ninu awon i1u. . .. . .ti 0 ~e pataki ni i1~ Yoruba.
Aw~n enia P9 pUP9 ni i1u yi.
AW9n ara i1u na feran lati ma
•
!3owo , nwc;>n si f~ran 1ati ma
10 si ida1e.
• •
9ja ti 0 ~e pataki PUp? nib,
l' a npe ni Taki.
AW9n oni~~ 919run, papa jU19
Baptisi po pupo nibe.
• • •
Nwon ni sosi t' 0 tobi, nwon" .si ni awon suku 10po10PQ.. . . . ,
Aw~n ara Ogbom?sh9 f~ran 1ati
ma se obe gbegiri ati oka• T . •
amo1a•
•
9Y~, 119rin, Ejigbo ati aW9n i1u
hi' 10 ni nwon yi Ogbomosho ka.... . ,
32
Ogbomosho is one of the towns
which is important in Yoruba
land.
There are very many people in
this town.
The people of the town love to
trade and they love to travel
far from home.
we call 'Taki.'
The missionaries, especially
the Baptists, are very
numerous there.
They have big churches, and
they have very many pupils.
to cook bean soup and turned
yam flour.
Oyo, I10rin, Ejigbo and such
other towns are those that
surround Ogbomosho.

,
ogborno.sh6. je okan ntnu awon' !lu.. . ." " " ~ /. .... ",.
ti 0 ~e patak1 n1 iI, Yoruba.
" '" " " ,.... ",,/ "Aw~n enia P9 pUP9 ni ilu yi.
" / ",/
-- feran 1atiAwon ara i1u na rna. •
" " .... ~
feran lati --;;owo, nW9n S1 rna
•/
idale.10 si
• •
'" til' ~ " ..... ' , / '" " ,
9ja ti 0 ~e pataki PUp? nib~
... ,,,, ,
l' a npe ni Taki.
, ,. / " _ v "
AW9n oni~~ Q19run, papa jU19
" ,/,~,
Baptisi P9 pUP9 n1b~.
/ / ~ ~ /
Nwon ni SOS1 teo t6bi, nwon
':- . ; . ' ~,.,,:
S1 n1 ~w9n suku 19P919P9'
/ "" / /' /
Awon ara Ogbornosho feran 1ati. , . .rna se obe gbeglrl ati ok~
" . .... , "amola•
•
"-,/' .... " , , , ' /
9Y9, 119rin, Ejigbo ati aW9n i1u
b-C> • ,. " " " '" ,
e 10 n1 nwon yi Ogbomosho kat. . . . ,
Nwon ni sosi t' 0 tobi, nwon, . .Ogborn9sh9 jet okan ninu awon ilu'
• •ti 0 ~e pataki • si ni awon, ---- --------.
Aw~n enia ----I ni i1u yi.
Aw?n ara OgbornC?sh9 _ '
-- ob~ gbegiri ati oka• T . •
AW9n ara ilu na
10 si ida1e.
• •
.---_., nW9n si feran 1ati rna
•
---, -- ', ati aW9n i1u
b-'e •10 n1 nwon yi Ogbomosho kat... . ,
--- -_ ,_ __ PUp? nib~
l' a npe ni Taki.
AW9n oni~~ Q19run, _
_______ po pupa nibe.
• • •
33

YORUBA:
Ogborn9sh9 j~ 9kan ---- ---- ---
ti 0 ~e pataki ni il~ Yoruba.
ni ilu yi.
AW9n ara ilu na frran lati rna
~owo, nW9n si frran lati rna
9ja ti 0 ~e pataki PUp? nib~
l'a --- -- ----.
INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
NW9n ni --- --__., nw9n
si ni awc;>n suku 19Pc;>19P9'
Aw?n ara Ogborn?sh9 fTran lati
rna se ati _
_____ e
9Y~, 119rin, Ejigbo --- ----
-- ni nwon yi Ogbomosho ka.I .. ,
---- ----- ------,
_ -v
papa ju19
Baptisi po pupa nibe.• I •
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Nibo ni Ogbornosho wa?I I
Bawo ni enia tise po ni Ogbornosho si?
" I I
Da'ruko nkan rneji ti awon ara Ogbornosho feran lati se.
I • , •
ni oja ti 0 se pataki pupa ni Ogbornosho., , • I I
Obe wo ni awon ara Ogbornosho feran lati rna se?• • • I I I ,
Aw~n ilu ti 0 yi Ogbomqsh~ ka ni _ , _ , ati •
34

AWE - TEXT 1
•
-AW~ JfI' 1lu kekere lean l"ba Qyq.
Awon ara Awe reran 1at1 ma 10• • • I
stoko.
..,
Opolopo aW9n ara Awe reran 1at1, I , I , I
~
rna ~owo.
--' -Awon ara Awe reran 1at1 rna gbeI I '
11e kanna.
Awon ebl. a rna gbe po 10JU karma., , .
"""Gbogbo aW9n enl.a t'o wa nl. Aw?
Ie nl. egbawa •
•
..... ~
AW9n ara AW~ r~ran lat1 ~ 19
st9Ja.
-Opolopo 11e penu 1'0 wa l'Awe., . .. .
lCorrugated 1ron sheets.
35
Awe 18 a small town near Oyo.
The people of Awe l1ke to go
to [the1r] farms.
Many of the people of Awe l1ke
to engage 1n trad1ng [l..e.,
reta1l merchand1s1ngJ.
The people of Awe l1ke to l1ve
1n the same house together
[B 8 faml.116s].
Those fam1ll.es usually ll.ve
together at the same place.
All the people of Awe exceed
20,000.
to market.
There are many pa~rooredl
houses In Awe.

~, " ' , '" '''' "
AW~ J' 1.1u kekere an l,ba 91Ci.
, ' ' : ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' '"Awon ara Awe teran 1at1 ma 10
• •• •
s,oko.
" " ,~/ ... ,,.
Opolopo aW9n ara Awe teran lst1
• • • • • •-' "ma BOWO.l
, ' : : " " ' ' ' ' - "Awon ara Awe teran lat1 rna gbe, , ~..
1.1e kanna.
-AW~ J~ 1.1u kekere lean •
feran 1at1. ma 10. ,
s'oko.
-Opolopo awon ara Awe teranI • I ' T • •
~
Awon ara Awe, .
l.le kanna.
36
' " , ""AWCln E!b1 8 m8 gbe P9 lo~ karma.
~ ,,~/,".....,
Awon ara Awe feran lat1 rna In• l ' '1', ,
s'9Ja.
' ' , "'" / .:-
Qpolopo 11e panu 1 '0 W8 1 'AvA... , . ..
Awon ebl. a ma gbe po ---- -----.. , .
Gbogbo awon enl.aI
Ie nl. egbawa •
•
-Awon ara Awe feran lat1 __ --• l '
s'--- ..
______________ 1'0 wa l'Avfl.

-AW~ J~ ken Ifba Qyq.
-Awon ara Awe feran
• ••
s '__- •
-Awe reran Is t1
• •-'
loa sowo.I
-" -Awon ara Awe feran lat1 ma gbe, ..--- ----_.
_______ a ma gbe po lolU kannB.
•
Gbogbo awon en18 t'o __ -- ---I
-- egbawa •
•
"-
Aw~n ara Aw? __ lq
s'9Ja.
Opolopo --- ---- 1'0 .. l'Awe... , . .
1. Leba ilu wo ni Awe wa?
• •
ise wo ni opolopo awon - 1ati
..,.
2. Iru ara Awe feran rna ~e?
• . , ,. . , •...,
rna gbe?3. Bawo ni awqn ara Awe Ele feran 1ati
• ,
4. Awon enia ti o wa ni Awe ti po to?, , I
5. Iru i1e wo 10 po 1'Awe?, ,
6. Bawo ni awqn ebi se ngbe ni Awe?
• I
•
7. oruko ibi meji ti
....
feran 1ati
.....
Da awon ara Awe rna 10.t • , , •
37

IIttJ
AWl - TEXT 2,
-AW~ J~ 1lu kekere ken 1~b8 9yq.
- -Awon ara Awe feran lat1 rna 10I ' I I
s'oko.
-pp~l?p~ aW9n ara Aw? 1'0 tun
reran lat1 rna 10 s'Eko.• I
NW9n f~ran lat1 rna gbe p~ l'oJU
kanna.
-AW9n t1 0 ngbe AW7 1e n1 ~gbiw8.
(L~h1n ne) aW9n ara AV, t?ran
lat1 rna 19 s'1da1,.
Is~ oko 1'0 P9Ju lir1n •.,n ar.
Awe.•
38
Awe 18 a certa1n small town
near 0'10.
to [the1r] farms.
Also, many of the people ot
Awe l1ke to go to Lagos.
They l1ke to l1ve together 1n
the same place.
The fam1l1e8 usually l1ve
together 1n the same house.
Those who l1ve at Awe exceed
20,000.
The people of Awe l1ke to
travel.
Farm1ng 18 a very common
occupat1on aMong the
people of Awe •
The people ot Awe are not
loarera.

YORUBA:
.... / . . : / / ...... / -Awo,n ara Awe feran lat1 rna 10, . .s toko.
"
Op~lope aW9n ara 1w7 l'~ tUn, , , J ..., ./ v
feran lat1 rna 10 s'Eko.• I
Nwin f~r8n lat1 rna gbe p~ l'oJU
~
kanna.
-AW~ kan l~ba 9yq.
- -AW9n ara Awe ----- ---- rna 10,
•sroko.
-Opolopo aW9n ara Awe --- ---, 1 , I
I
lat1
...,
10 s'Eko.----- rna
•
INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
... '" '" ,
Aw?n E(b1 a ma gbe 118 kanni P9•
(L~hin n~) ~w9n ara Xw, t~r~n
lat1 rna 19 s'id81~.
IB~ eke 1'0 P9JU lir1n aW9n ar~
- /
Awe •
•
Awe •
•
Awon ara Awe k1 ___•
• •
NW9n f~ran
kanna.
-- ---I po 1 'oJu
•
_______ a ma gbe 11e kenna po.
I
AW9n t1 0 ---- --- -- -- ~gb8W8.
(L~h1n ne) aW9n ara AWf t?ran
lat1 rna •
39

YORUBA:
AW~ J7 11u kekere --- -___ 97Q'
INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
-AW9n t1 0 ngbe Aw? Ie e
-pp~19PP aW9n ara Aw? 1'0 tun
feran .__ __ . •
•
-Awon ara AweI •
s'oko.
mi 10
•
(L~h1n ni) _
lat1 ma 19 s'1dal,.
Is~ oko 1'0 aW9n ara
Awe.,
-----.
Aw?n ~b1 a ma gbe e
---- -- k1 1,e ~1••
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Da'ruko ilu kekere kan ti 0 wa leba Oyo.I I • •
Yato si oko 1il0, , nibo ni opo10po awon ara Awe tun feran 1ati• • , • I ' • •
rna 10?
•
Ise wo 10 poju larin awon ara Awe?
, I • • •
,-
Nje ole ni awon ara Awe?I T . • I
Bi beko, kinni idi ti ko fi j~ be,?
• •
40

,.
AWlJ - TBXT 3
.J
AW~ J~ 11u kekere kan lrba 919-
-Awon t'o ngbe 1Iu Awe Ie n1
~gbarun.1 •
•
,." ~
Awon ara Awe feran 1at1 rna
. "
10 s'oko.t
(L~h1n na) ~P?1?P9 aW9n ara
Awe feran la t1 rna 10 ,s 'Eko.
• • •
I~~ ag~~ 1'0 PPJu lir1n awpn
ara Awe..
~ - " -
Awon t'o ngbe Awe saba rna gbe
• •
1le kanna po gegeb1 eb1_
• •• •
-AW9n ara Aw; k1 1~e 91¥,
-..J
lIe panu 1'0 P~Ju I'AW?_
Awe 1S a certa1n small town
near Oyo.
Those who l1ve there exceed
10,000•
to Cthe1rJ farms.
Many of the people of Awe l1ke
to go to Lagos.
Farm1ng 18 a very common
occupat10n among the
people at Awe •
Those who l1ve at Awe usually
I1ve 1n the same house
together as a fam1ly.
The people of Awe are not
loafers.
Pan-roofed houses are numerous
1n Awe,
lThe student should have not1oed that th1S f1gure 1S 10,000
less than that g1ven 1n the preced1ng two verS10ns. The
change was un1ntent1onal.
41

"/ " " , ! ' , /
Awon t'o ngbe 1Iu Awe Ie n1
• :->" I •egbarun.
•
,.:, / , , , -.I
Awon ara Awe reran lat1 rna
· .,
10 S ,oko.•
..,
AWr Jr --- ------ --- ---- ---.
Awon t'o Ie n1
• IY 1egbarun.
•
,.",
Awon ara Awe feran
· .,
-----.
(L~h1n na) PpplPP9 aW9n ara
Awe stEko.
•
---- lar1n awon•-ara Awe.
•
#oJ
Awon t'o ngbe Awe _
, .
--- - __~_ po gegeb1 eb1.
• •• •
"" / , , " '"lse agbe 1'0 P9Ju 1ar1n aw~n
" , ~',
ara Awe •.
"" ".!J, ,~ _ ,
Awon t'o ngbe Awe saba rna gbe
' / . ¢ " :""" "
l.le kanna p? grg~b1 ~b1.
" "" - kl.
/ ....
Awon ara Awe 1~e 91r·. ,
,/ ..:, ,
1'0 " " ' ,
lIe panu P9Ju 1 'Awe.I
--- -- --- ------ kan 1rba 9Y~.
-1Iu Awe Ie nl.---- ~-- -1-- ·
egbarun.
•
-.I
feran lat1. rna
•
10 sroko.e
(L~h1n na) _
--- f~ran latl. rna 19 stEko •
lse agbe 1'0 pOJu _
" • r.....
Awe •
•
______________ saba rna gbe
11e kanna po gegebl. eb1.. ,. .
____ __- kl. 1~e 91,. Awon ara Awe
• 1
-- --- --_.
42
~
lIe panu 1'0 •

1. je ilu kekere kan leba
--.II .
Da'ruko
-."
2. ibi rneji ti aW9n ara AW~ feran 1ati rna 10.
• • .
ni if~ ti poju larin
~
3. 0 awon ara Awe.
• • •
4. ti -- -J ...,
ile kanna po gegebi kinni?Awon o ngbe AW~ saba rna gbe
• • , .-./
5. Iru ile wo ni o poju l'Aw~?
•
43

TRAVEL FROM AWE TO lBADAN - TEXT 1I
~n1k~n1 tl 0 ba f y lq Sl Ibadan
la t1 AWy, Yl0 kpk<f gun m9to
la tl AW7 de 9yq.
N1gbat'o ba de 9Y9, 0 Ie gun
moto e1ero tabl bOS1.
• •
T'o ba gun bOS1, Y10 san nkan
•
b1 s11e meta abo.
• • •
T'o ba gun mpto elero, Yl0 san
nkan bl s11e meJl abo.t •
pp~1?P9 en1a fyran latl ma gun
b9s1 , n1torlpe k1 lrun hagahaga.
-Awe Sl Ibadan to ma1l1•
merlnle19gb9n.
/ / -' / ' 1 I'
N~gbat'o ba de 9Y9, 0 Ie gun
/ -" ,., '"
moto elero tab1 bOS1.
• •
/ / ~ /
T'o ba gun bOS1, Y10 san nkan
•
'" / " -' ~'
b1 811e meta abo.• • t
44
Whoever mlght want to go to
Ibadan from Awe w11I flrst
take a car from Awe to Oyo.
When he reaches Oyo. he can
take a lorry or bus.
If he takes the bUS, he w1l1
pay somethlng 11ke three
sh1111ngs Slxpence.
If he takes a lorry, he w111
pay someth1ng Ilke two
sh1111ngs slxpence.
Many people llke to take the
bus because 1t lS seldom
crowded.
[From] Awe to Ibadan lS
thlrty-four m1les.
/ , / I ' I'" /
T'o ba gun mote elero, Yl0 san
/ /' '" I " ~
nkan b1 811e meJ1 ab?
•
~ I / ,. ,., / / ' " "
Awe 81 Ibadan to malll
./" / / ,.
mer1nle19gb9n.

YORUBA:
~nl.kE(nl. -- 0 ba 5l. Ibadan
--____ Awy, Yl.O gun ---_
latl. AW~ de 9yq.
Nl.gba--- ba -- 9Y9, 0 Ie
m9to elero bosl. •
•
INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
~nl.k~nl. tl. ---- f y lq 5l. Ibadan
latl. Awe, koko --- moto, • T •
- Awe -- Dyo., ..
_____t'o ba de 9Y9, - -- gun
m9 to ----- tabl. __-_.
T '0 -- gun bosl.. ,
sl.le meta
• •
san nkan
T'o ba b~5l., Yl.O san nkan
bl. - meta abo.
I •
T'o -- gun mota ----- Yl.O sanI ,
---- bl. 5l.1e abo.• •
PP91?P9 ---- fyran la tl. -- gun
b9s l., -------- kl. l.fun •
.-
Awe -- Ibadan to ma11l.•merl.n •
T '0 ba --- mpto elero, --_ san
nkan ~l.le meJl. •
------- enl.a ----- la tl. rna _
b9S l., nl.torl.pe kl. ---- hagahaga.
.-
Awe Sl. Ibadan -- ma11l.I
-----lelogbon.. .
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
"'"
Bawo ni a tise Ie de Oyo lati Awe?. , .
Nje a Ie gun basi ati rnqto elero Iati Oyo de Ibadan?
. ' , .'OJ
Ti enia ba gun ~k9 elero tabi b9s~ elo ni yio san lati
~y? de Ibadan?
Nitori kinni opolopo enia fi feran lati rna gun bosi?
. . .. ' .
Bawo ni Awe ti,e jinna si Ibadan to?I

-TRAVEL FROM AWE TO IBADAN - TEXT 2.
En~ken~ t'o ba fe 10 lat~ AweI . . ,
s~ Ibadan, y~o koko gun moto• I T
de 9Y9.
N~gbat~ 0 ba de QY9 tan, 0 Ie gun
b9s~J 0 S~ Ie g'oko ero.. .
T'o ba gun bos~, y~o san s~le• I
m~ta ab?, ~ugb9n t'o ba
sepe oko elero 1'0 gun y~o. " ,
san s~le meJ~ abo.I •
AW~ S~ Ibadan to ibuso m~rin
lel~gb~n, ~ugb9n Awy s~ 9Y9
J~ ~bus9 kan at,abq.
Whoever m~ght want to go from
Awe to Ibadan w~ll f~rst
take a car to get to Oyo.
When he reaches Oyo, he can
take a bus; ~f he wants,
he can also take a lorry.
I~ he takes a bUS, he w~ll pay
three sh~ll~ngs s~xpence,
but ~f he takes a lorry, he
w~ll pay two sh~ll~ngs
s~xpence.
[From] Awe to Ibadan ~s
th~rt1-four m~les, but
[~romJ Awe to Oyo ~s one
and a hal~ m~les.
/' /' '" " /' /' ,T'o ba gun b9s~, y~o san ~~le
/' ~, " ... /' /'
meta abo, 9ugbon t'o ba. , ., , ... /' . /
?epe 9k? elero 1'0 gun, y~o
..., ... " ~ "
san s~le rneJ~ abo.I •
I I 1 / / - /'
En~ken~ t'o ba fe 10 lat~ Awe.. ,
/' ... v / ' / "
s~ Ibadan, y~o koko gun mc;>to
/' " /' • I
de 9Y9.
" " /' I / ' / ' /' /' /"
N~gbat~ 0 ba de QY9 tan, 0 Ie gun
/, / " '
b9s~J 0 s~ Ie g'oko ero.. .
46
- / / " , / " "
Awe S~ Ibadan to ibuso,
1 / . , / _ ,
lel~gb~n, ~ugb9n Awy
1"'" ~,
J~ ~bus9 kan at'abq_
I
merl.n-•/ I
s~ 9Y9

YORUBA:
.-
¥n~k~n~ t'o ba f y 19 lat~ Awy
S~ Ibadan, y~o koko --- ----• I
N~gbat~ 0 ba de Qyq tan,- --
----J 0 Sl Ie groko ero.. .
INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
En~kenl t '0 -- -- -- _
, -
------', Y10 koko gun motoI I r
de 9Y9.
Nlgbatl 0 ba de Qyq tan, 0 Ie gun
b9s1 J ----- --- •
________ , ~ugb9n t'o ba
~epe 9k? elero 1'0 gun, Y10
san s~le meJl abo.I ,
~-~ -- ---- --- ..._- --..- T'o ba gun basl, Y10 san slle• I
meta abo, _
. ,
___________ ., Y10
san slle meJl abo.I ,
----- merin-
lel~gb~n, ~ugb9n Awy Sl 9Y9
J~ 1bus9 kan at, ab9·
Awe Sl Ibadan to ibuso.
------__, ~ugb9n Awy Sl 9Y9
J~ •
1.
2.
3.
4.
-Kinni enikeni ti 0 ba fe 10 si Ibadan lati Awe yio koko Re?" • • • • , T
AW9n qkq wo ni 0 Ie gun ti 0 ba de 9YQ?
Ti 0 ba gun yio san {)i1e meta abo, sugbon ti o ba
• . , .
gun yio san sile mej i abo.I •
~
Awe si ayo to ibuso melo?
• • • I
47

TRAVEL FROM LAGOS TO I BADAN BY TRAIN - TEXT 1
~1k~n1 t'o ba f~ lq lat1 Eko
s'Ibadan Ie ba oko oJu'r1n lq., ,
T'o ba f y gun qkq oJu'rln y1,
Y10 10 S1 Ido.I
Opolopo enla 1'0 feran latl rnaI I • I ,
gun oko oJu'rl.n.• I
Nlpa eyl, aW9n 1bus9 dl~ dl~ nl.
a 0 kan, k1 a to de Ibadan.
Owo tl enl.a nsan n1pa g1gun 9kq
oJu'rl.n ko flo be po pupo.•I •
~P?l?P9 tl. nl9 nl.pa qkq oJu'r1n
feran lat1 ma ~e raJl. nl.nuI
48
Whoever rnlght want to go from
Lagos to Ibadan can go by
traln.
If he wants to board the traln,
he wl11 go to Ido.
Many people 11ke to go by traln. I
On the traln ('concern1.ng th1.s'),
we shall pass a few statl.ons
before we reach Ibadan.
These are Agege, Ifo, and
OlokemeJl..
The fare wh1.ch people pay for
the tra1n 1.S not really very
h1gh.
Many of those who go by tral.n
l1.ke to have a good t1rne
thereon.

... ,
Enlken~ t'o be fa lq latl Eko, ,
s'lbadan le ba oke oJu'rln lq., ,
T'O ba f~ gun qkq oJu'rln yi,
y1.0 10 sJ. Ido.I
Opolopo enis 1'0 feran latl rnaI • I , I
gun ?kc: 0 JU 'rln.
Nipa eyi, aW9n lbusq di~ di~ nl
...
a 0 kan, kl a to de Ibadan.
Enlkenl t'O ba latl EkoI ,
s'Ibadan Ie ba 9k~ 0Ju'rln lq.
T'o ba f~ oJu'rln yl,
YlO 19 Sl •
___- 1'0 feran latl rna
I
Nlpa eYl, awon dle dle nl
' I . ,
a 0 kan, kl a to de •
Awqn nl Agege, __- atl •
_-- tl enla nsan nlpa glgun oko• I
oJU'rln ko fl be .,
, ~ ... ", ... ~ ~ ~" "
Owo tl enla nsan nlpa glgun ~kq
./ " ~" ....
0Ju'rln ko fl be po pupo,_I •
Opolopo tl nlo nipa o.ko, oJu'rlnI I , , •
fer~n latl rna ~e f~Ji n~nu,
oke yi.. ,
Enlkenl t'o ba fe lq latl EkoI I •
s'Ibadan Ie ba --- lq.
T'o ba f~ gun yl,
1'10 10 Sl __-.
•
Opolopo enlB 1'0 latl rna
• • '." 1gun oko •
. .
Nlpa eYl, aW9n --- nl
a 0 kan, kl B to de Ibadan.
Awqn nl , If9 atl ---------.
Owo tl enla nsan nlpa glgun
_______ ko fl be po •
, .
nlnu
oko Yl.. . 49
Opolopo tl nl0 nlpa oko oJu'rln
I , , , • • •
feran la tl rna ~e . nlnuI
<;>kq Yl.

1.
2.
4.
5.
Nibo ni enia ti Ie gun oko oju'rin ti nlo Iati Eko 8i Ibadan?
• • •
Nje awon enia feran lati rna gun oko yi?
• • • • •
Da'ruk? ibus9 m7ta ti a 0 kan ti a ba ngun ~k? oju'rin lati Eko
si Ibadan.
Bawo ni owo ti enia nsan fun gigun oko yi ti to?• • PC?
...,
Kinni opolopo awon ti ngun oko yi feran Iati rna se ninu re?
. . ," . " . .
50

TRAVEL FROM LAGOS TO IBADAN BY TRAIN - TEXT 2
En~ken~ t'o ba fe 10 lat~ Eko s~
" . ,
Ibadan Ie 10 n~pa oko 0Ju'r~n.
• • I
T'o ba f~ gun qk9 y~, y~o gun n~
Ido.
AW9n ~bus9 t'o kan ko to de Ibadan
n~ Agege, Ifo at~ OlokemeJ~.,
Opolopo en~a feran lat~ ma 10
, . , ' . .n~pa oko 0Ju'r~n, n~tor~pe, .owo re ko po pUPQ.. .
Oko y~ l'aye n~nu., .
Awon lOUSO t'o s~ wa k~ 0 to, ,
de Ibadan po lopolopo.t , . I •
AW9n lJoko tl 0 wa nlb~ rqrun
l~pqlqpq.
51
Whoever m~ght want to go from
Lagos to Ibadan can go by
tra~n.
If he wants to board th~s
conveyance, he w~ll board
~ t at Ido.
Stat~ons wh~ch ~t passes before
~t gets to Ibadan are Agege,
Ifo and OlokemeJ~.
Many people l~ke to go by tra~n
because the fare ~sn't very
much.
Th~s conveyance ~s qu~te
spac~ous. ('Th~s conveyance
has room ~n ~t. ,)
There are many stat~ons before
~t reaches Ibadan. ('And
statlons wh~ch are, before
~t reaches Ibadan, are
numerous very. ,)
The seats whlch are there are
very comfortable.

YORUBA:
En1ken1 t r 6 b~ fa 10 lat1 Ek6 81
'~, ., /
Ibadan Ie 10 n1pa oko oJu t
r1n.
• • •
/ / / / / " /
T'o ba f~ gun qk9 y1, Y10 gUn n1
/
Ido.
INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
" / /" " /
Oko y1 l'aye n1nu.
I •
" "" /,,, / / /
AW9n 1bu89 t'o 81 wa k1 0 to
del' "b' . " /, ,
I adan po 10polopo.t • • I •
' " I " / / / "
Awon 1buso t'o kan ko to de Ibadan
• ..c • " /" /"n1 Agege, Iro at1 010kemeJ1.
•
' " " , , " / / L,
Opolopo en1a feran lat1 rna 10. , . . ."I' / / /n1pa oko oJu'r1n, n1tor1pe, ./ " " " /"owo re ko po pUPQ.. .
En1ken1 _ - ba fe -- la t1 Eko --
" .Ibadan Ie -- nlpa oko •
• •
T'o -- f~ gun --- y1, Y10 n1
Ido.
AW9n t '0 kan -- to -- Ibadan
n1 Agege, If? --- 010keme J1.
Opolopo ---- feran la t1 -- 10, . , . . .n1pa --- oJu'r1n, n1tor1pe
re ko __ pUPQ •
•
52
, , / v / / " / "
AW9n 1Joko t1 0 wa n1by rqrun
/ . "l>pqlqpq.
Oko -- 1 'aye ---_.
• •
Awon ---__ t '0 81 ..- k1 0
•
de Ibadan -- lopolopo.• • I •
AW9n ----- t1 0 -- n1be rorunI ,

------- t'o ba -- 10 ---- Eko S~,
Ibadan -- 10 oko 0Ju'r~n.
• • I
T '0 ba -- gun qk9 --, y~o gUn--
Ido.
----lbuso t'o --- ko -- de IbadanI
-_ Agege, --- a tl 010keme J1..
Opolopo enla lat1. me 10, . , . .____ ~kq 0 JU 'r1.n, --------
owo r~ __ pg •
--- y~ - ---- n~nu.
Awon ~buso s~ wa -- 0 to. ,
__ Iba dan po •
•
____ 1.Joko -- 0 wa ---- rqrun
l<?pqlC?P~.
1. Enikeni ti 0 ba £e 10 lati Eko si Ibadan Ie 10 nipa
• I
, ,
2. Nibo ni Ido wa?
3. Agege, I£o ati 010kemeji ni awon ti o wa larin, •
ati
4. Idi ni enia fi feran 1ati "" 10 nipa oko oju'rin?wo awon rna, , I
, ,
~ Bawo ni aye tise po to ninu oko yi?.,I. I , , ,
6. Be apejuwe awon ijoko ti o wa ninu oko yi., , • •
53

TRAVEL FROM LAGOS TO IBADAN BY ROAD - TEXT 1
Enlkenl t'o ba fe 10 lat'Eko
" , I
s'Ibadan, t'o 51 f y gba OJU
t1t1 Ie gba 9na Ab¥okutaJ
t'o ba f y, 0 51 Ie gba 9na
Ikorodu.
9na Ikorodu ya JU t'Abyokuta lq.
o Ie gun bqS1J 0 51 Ie gun
taxl; 0 51 tun Ie gun 9kq
elero.
Enlken1 t'o ba gun tax1, Y10
, I 1
san'wo puPq JU ~n1 t'o gun
bOSl 10.I •
B9s1 rq n1 lqrun JU qkq ~l~ru
l~, n1tor1pe en1a k1 1PQ pUP9
n1by, at1 pe 1Joko t1 0 r9run
wa nlbe.#!
Whoever wants to travel from
Lagos to Ibadan by the ma1n
road ('who also wants to take
the ma1n road') may take
Abeokuta road 1f he l1kes, or
he may go by Ikorodu road.
Ikorodu road 15 shorter than
Abeokuta road.
He can go by bus, and he can
also go by tax1 and by lorry.
Whoever travels by tax1 w1ll
pay much money, more than
g01ng by bus.
It 1S more comfortable to go by
bus than to go by lorry, ('Bus
18 comfortable, more than lorry')
because the bus 1S seldom crowded,
and the seats there1n are
comfortable.
1
On the tape, /ftn1 s 1 to gun •• ./ 1S heard.
The word /Sl/ should be om1 tted.

C" " , " " " ,
BgS1 rq n1 lqrun JU qkq ~l~ru
1 "t""" "" :-';''''' / "~, n1 or1pe en1a k1 1PQ puPq
" " , ' v /;' .......
n1by, at1 pe 1Joko t1 0 rqrun
.... " ....
wa n1b~.
, "''''/ ,,'/En1ken1 t'o ba Ie 10 lat'Eko, I , I
L , , ~,~ "
5'Ibadan, t'o 51 f~ gba oJU
~", '" /'"t1t1 Ie gba 9na Ab~okUtaJ
, " ~ " " " ....t'o ba f y, 0 51 Ie gba 9na
... , , /
Ikorodu.
, ; ' ./
~n1k~n1 t'o ba gun tax1,
,~ "" /
san wo pupa JU en1 t'o
t::: " •b051 10.I •
,
Y10
gun
/ "o Ie gun
'"tax1;
elero.
.0" , ..... "
b~51; 0 51 Ie gun
~ 51 tUn Ie gun 9kq
En1ken1 t'o ba fe 10 lat'Eko, . , I
5'Ibadan, t'o S1 f~ gba oJu
t1t1 Ie gba 9na Ab~okutaJ
t'o ba f y, 0 51 _
------- .
____________ JU t'Ab~okuta 19'
En1ken1 t'o ba fe 10 lat'Eko' I , I
5'Ibadan, t'o 51 f~ gba oJU
t1t1 -- --- --- --------J
_____ -_, 0 S1 Ie gba 9na
Ikorodu.
9na Ikorodu ya JU --.
tax1;
elero.
----J 0 51 Ie gun
o S1 tun Ie gun 9kq
0 Ie gun bqS1J -- ---
----; 0 81 tun Ie gun 9kq
elero.
¥n1k~n1 t'o ba gun tax1, Y10
_______________ t'o gun
bOS1 10.I •
------- --- -- --- ----,
san'wo pupo JU en1 t'o
• •
bOS1 10.I •
110
gun
BgS1 rq n1 lqrun _- _
--, n1tor1pe en1a ki 1pq puPq
n1by, at1 pe 1Joko t1 0 rqrun
wa n1b~.
BgS1 rq n1 lqrun JU qkq ~I~ru
l~, n1tor1pe en1a k1 1pq puPq
n1by, at1 pe ---__

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Bawo ni a tise 1e 10 8i irin aJ'o 1ati Eko 8i Ibadan bi a ba
• •
£e koja 1arin Abeokuta tabi Ikorodu?
• • •
9na wo ni 0 ya 1ati Eko 8i Ibadan, ti Ab~okuta ni tabi
ti Ikorodu?
Da'ruko nkan meta ti a 1e gun 1ati Eko si Ibadan.. ,
Ewo ni owo r~ kere ju nib~?
Enikeni to ba gun yio san owo puPq.
• •
Iru ijoko wo ni o wa ninu bosi?
•
Nitori kinni - £i ronibosi lorun?
• • •
56

TRAVEL FROM LAGOS TO lBADAN BY ROAD - TEXT 2
En1ken1 t1 0 ba fe 10 1at1 Eko. , I •
51 Ibadan, t1 0 51. Jr pe OJU
t1t1 1'0 f r gba, 0 Ie 1q
1at1 Eko 10na Ikorodu.
•
o 51 Ie 19 51 Abyokuta.
~ugb9n 9na Ikorodu ya JU t1
Ab~okuta 19'
T1 0 ba f~, 0 Ie gun b9S1; 0 Ie
gun tax1J 0 S1 Ie gun ?kq
elero.
B?S1 r?run JU qkq elero 19,
tax1 51 r9run JU b9s1 l~,
~ugb9n owo tax1 P9JU'
...,
9P91~P9 en1a ngun b9s1, n1tor1pe
1Joko t1 0 r9run wa n1by•
57
Whoever wants to travel from
Lagos to Ibadan. 1f 1t
happens that 1t 15 the ma1n
road he wants to take, he
can go from Lagos by Ikorodu
road •
He can also go by Abeokuta.
But Ikorodu road 15 shorter
than Abeokuta [road].
If he llkes, he can go by bus;
he can a 150 take a tax1; he
can also take a lorry.
A bus 15 more comfortable than
a lorry and a tax1 1S more
comfortable than a bus, but
tax1 fare 1S the most costly•
Many people take the bus, because
1t has comfortable seats,

YORUBA:
, - ' . / . / . /
En1ken1 t1 0 ba fe 10 lat1 Eko
, ./"" '- , / ' ....... / , ./
81 Ibadan, t1 0 51, J~ pe OJU
t1t~ 1'0 f~ gba, 0 Ie 19
'" " / / ~ " , " ,lat1 Eko lona Ikorodu•
•
"''' " ' "o 51 Ie 10 81 AbeokUta.
• •
, ........." '- ....., /
~ugb9n 9na Ikorodu ya JU t1
........ ,
Abyo kU ta 19.
En1ken1 t1 ° ba fe 10 lat1 Eko.. , .51 Ibadan,
-- ---,ole 19
lat1 Eko lona Ikorodu.
•
o 51 Ie 19 51 •
~ugb9n 9na Ikorodu ya __ __
T1 ° ba f~, 0 Ie gun b?51J 0 Ie
gun tax1; 0 51 Ie gun _
----- .
B?51 r?run JU I
tax1 81 r?run JU b951 10,
•
~ugb9n owo taxl P9Ju.
-.I
9pp19P9 en1a ngun b951, n1tor1pe
-____ _ wa n1by•
INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
- , ' "'" ..... " " "T1 ° ba f~, 0 Ie gun b?S1J 0 Ie
gun taxi; 0 S1 Ie gun ?kq
, .....
elero.
A " " .... "'''
BOS1 rorun JU okq elero
. ,...... ...... . ~ "
tax1 81 r?run JU b9S1
....., '" ;,,,,,,,,
~ugb9n owo tax1 P9JU.
" ' "'." '" , ~" ,. ,.
9ppl?P9 en1a ngun b9S1, n1tor1pe
'" V " .......... "
lJoko tl 0 rorun wa n1be.I •
En1ken1 t1 0 ba fe 10 latl Eko.. , .
Sl Ibadan, t1 0 51, J~ pe OJU
t1t1 1'0 f~ gba, 0 Ie 19
---- -------.
o 51 __ -- -- Abeokuta.I
~ugb9n ya JU t1
Ab<t0kuta 19.
T1 0 ba f~, 0 Ie gun b?51J _
___ ----J 0 81 Ie gun ?kq
elero.
B?81 r?run JU 9kq elero 19,
_____________ b951 10,
•8ugbon pOJu.. , .
_______ _ , nltor1pe
lJoko tl 0 rorun wa nlbe.I •
58

1. Enikeni ti 0 ba fe ba oju titi 10 si Ibadan 1ati Eko Ie
• • •
gba ona tabi ona
• •
2. Sugbon ona ya ju ti ona 10.
• • • • 1
3. - kinni enia tun 10 5iYato si bosi, Ie gun Ibadan?
• • ,
4. Nitori kinni 9Pc;>19PQ enia fi ngun b9si?
5. rorun ju b~si 10 sugbon,
• I
• • I
59

THE HOE - TEXT 1
Oko Je ohun elo t1 0 Mulo puPq, . .:!'un awon aghe., .
La1s1 ~k9 agb~ ko Ie ~e 1~y r y
dada.
T1 a ba f y r~ ~k?, a 0 I~ s'?d~
awc;>n alagbydEf.
Awon alagbede Y10 ro 1rLn Y1.
• • • •
Ir1n pelebe n1 nwon nlo fun~ . , •
oko •. •
Leh1nna a 0 10 51 oko latl. ge.
0
1
.
191 t1 r1 b1 kokqro fun, .
eruko •
• •
N1gbat1 a ba se eY1 tan, qkCj>
de nu n1.
Awc;>n agby fyran lat1 ma 10 qk9
fun ebe k1k9, 1~U gb1ngb~
at1 Or1'l.r1'1 nkan m1ran.
A hoe 1S a tool wh1ch 18 very
useful to the farmers.
W1thout the hoe, the farmer can
not do h1s work effect1vely.
When we want to make a hoe, we
w111 go to the blacksm1th.
The blacksm1th w1l1 forge the
1ran blade.
A flat, th1n p1ece of 1ron 1S
what they use for the hoe.
Then we shall go to the bush
to cut a tree wh1ch 1S curved
for the haft.
After we have f1n1shed th1s, a
hoe 1S then produced. ('When
we f1n1sh th1s, a hoe arr1ves
1S that.')
Parmers l1ke to use the hoe for
mak1ng heaps, plant1ng yams
and many other th1ngs.
l/t1 a 0 rl~ heard on the tape, 18 a 's11p ot the tongue.'
60

Ok~ Je ohun elo ti 6 wUi~ p~p~, . , ,
'...... .... ....
fun awon agbe., ,
,-., "' ..... " ...... '" , "-
La1s1 ~k9 agb~ ko Ie ~e 1~~ r~
dada.
, / / ,; , ,
T1 a ba f~ rq ~k9' a 0 1~ 5'9d~
...... ; , " "
aW9n aIagb«(d~.
Oko Je ohun elo t1 0 wulo pupo,, . ,
fun _ •
---__ ___ agb~ ko Ie ~e 1~~ r~
dada.
/ ; ' ;'
Ir1n pelebe n1 nwon nl0 tun, , , .okb., ,
...... ~ / ~ "
Leh1nna a 0 10 51 oko lat1 ge. .
191 ti 0 r1 bi k9kqrq fUn..... ; ' ,
erukt> •I •
, ~ ;' ' ; ' / /
N1gba~~ a ba ~e e71 tan, qk9
dE) nu n~.
AW9n agb~ f~ran lat1 ma 10 qkq
f~n ebe k1ky, 1~U gb1ngbin
...... '" v , ~ v .....
at1 or1~1r1~1 nkan m1ran.
Leh1nna a 0 10. .
t1 0 r1 b1 k9kqrq tun
eruko •I ,
-- --- ---, qk 9
-- - -- -- -- ---, a 0 10 5 'odo
• ••
de nu n1.
Awon alagbede 1r1n 71., . .
n1 nwon nlo __-
•
---.
61
Awon - _,
fun ebe k1k9, 1~U gb1ngb1n
at1 Or151r151 nkan m1ran.. ,

Oko Je ---- --- -- - ---- pUP9
• • •
fun awon agbe., .
La1Sl. oko. ,
dada.
-------_.
Awon V10 ro __a
• f l .
n1 nwon nlo tun
•
oko.
• •
L~hlnna a 0 l~ 51 aka lat1 ge
-----.
N1gbatl a ba ~e eyl. tan, _
AW9n agb~ f~ran lat1 ma 10 qkq
fun , ,
at1 Or1~1r1~1 nkan m1ran.
1.
2.
•
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Kinni oko je?
" .
Idi wo ni oko fi wul0 pupo fun awon agbe?., . , .
Nje enik~ni Ie da oko ro fun ara re?•• r , . , •
Bi idahun re ba je '~eko" Iodo tani a gbe Ie ro oko?• • • I ' . . . • , •
Kinni a Ie 10 lati fi se oko?
• ••
Iru igi wo ni a nl0 fun eruko?
• •
Da'ruk9 il0 meji ti aw?n agb~ nlo o~9 fun.
62

TIlE HOE - TEXT 2
Oko Je ohun elo t1 0 wulo pupa• • • I
fun aW9n agb~.
T1 a ba fe ro oko, a 0 In s'qdq
• ' " T
aW9n alagb~d~.
AW9n alagb~d~ n1 Y10 r9 1r1n
y1, 1r1n t1 0 ~e p~l~b~ n1
nW9n nl0 fun ~kq.
--Leh1n na a 0 10 S1 oko lat1 10
• • •
Ig1 t1 0 ~e kpk9rq l'a nlo fun
eruko.
• •
N1gbat1 a ba se ey1 tan, oka, . .de nu n1.
Aw?n agb~ f~ran lat1 ma 10 qkql
run ebe k1kq, 1~U gb1gb1n,
at1 ako rl.ro.
A hoe 1S a tool wh1ch 1S very
useful to the farmers.
When we want to forge a hoe,
we w111 go to the b1acksm1.th.
1he blacksm1th w111 forge th1s
1ron, 1ron Wh1ch 15 flat and
th1n 1S what they use for a
hoe.
Then We w111 go to the bush to
cut a tree.
A tree whl.ch 15 curved 1.B what
we use for mak1ng the hoe handle.
After we have f1n1shed th1s process,
a hoe 15 then produced.
Farmers l1ke to use the hoe for
makl.ng heaps, plant1ng yams,
and tor removl.ng weeds.
1/10 9k9/ is heard on the tape, probably because the contracted
f~rm of /10 9k9/ was the s~eaker's intention, but he suddnley
hesitated after uttering /19/.
63

./ / -' ,;' / / '
Tl a ba fe ro oko, a 0 In s'qdo• • • T l'
" "aW9n alagb~dr·
/ ' ~ ~ /
Lehln na a 0 10 Sl oka latl 10
• • •
Oko Je ohun elo __I . •
fun aW9n agb~.
Igl tl.
,
kpk9r q "- ,;'
fUn0 se Ita nl0.
eruko.. I
, " ,
ba
... ,
tan, ~k~Nlgbatl a se eYl•, ,
de nu nl.
Aw?n agb~ f~r~n lat1 rna 10 ~kq
fun ebe k1kq, 1~U gb1gbin,
... .".
a tl oka rlro.
Igl tl 0 ~e Ita nl0 fun
-- - -- -- -- ----, Nlgbatl
de nu nl.
-- --- ---, okoI •
Aw?n agb~ f~ran lat1 rna 10 ~kq
fun ,, _ ,
Aw?n alagb~d, nl Yl0 __ _ _
--, lrln tl 0 ~e p~I~b~ nl
nw?n nlo fun ~kqe
Lehln na a 0 10
• •
64
atl _ ____ e

___ __ t1 0 wulo PUpO
I
fun aW9n agb~.
---- -------_.
---- -------- n1 Y10 r9 1rln
Y1, ---- -- - -- ------ n1
nW9n nlo run ~kq.
-Lehln na a 0 10 51 oko latl. 10, . ._____ e
--- -- - .__ kpk9rq Ita nlo run
eruko.• •
N1gbat1 a ba ~e ey1 tan, _
n1.
Awgn ---- ----- --,-- -- -- Clkq
fun ebe k1kq, l~U gblgb~J
a tl. oka rl.ro.
1.
2.
Ninu oni?owo ati agbT, tani qk9 wul0 fun g~g~bi ohun elo?
Lodo tani ao 10 bi a ba fe ro oko?I • • I , • •
Nibo ni a ti nge ohun ti a n10 fun eruko?
• •
3.
4.
5.
6.
~e apejuwe ohun ti a fi n~e qk?
Kinni a n10 fun eruko?, .
Awon agbe feran lati rna 10 oko fun. ., . .
65
--, ati

MORTAR AND PESTLE - TEXT 1
Odo at1 ~mq odo J~ ohun elo
t'o wul0, papa Julq tun
onJ~ t1tQJU.
Awon gbenagbena 1'0 ngbe odo.• • t •
N1gbat1 nw?n ba 19 ge 191 n~nu
oko, nwon Y10 gbe n1nu.t
Orno odo gun JU 1ya odo 1q.
I •
A nl0 odo lat1 gun 1yan.
A nl0 odo lat1 gun agunmu.
AW9n ob1nr1n 1'0 feran lat1 -J1a
•
10 odo JU.
Odo J~ qkan n1nu ahun elo t1
o wulo pupa n1 11e.
•
66
The mortar and the pestle are
tools wh1ch are useful,
espec1ally 1n the preparat10n
of tood.
It 1S the carvers who make the
mortar [and pestle, for the
two are subsumed under the
one name, v1z.odo).
After they go cut a tree from
the bush, they w1l1 hollow
1t out 1ns1de.
Th1S 1S the mortar.
The pestle 1S longer than the
mortar.
We use the mortar to pound
[peeled and b01led) yams.
We use the mortar to pound
agunmu (1.e. a powder added
to a dr1nk to form med1c1ne).
It 18 women who 11ke to use the
mortar most of all.
The mortar 1S one of the tools
wh1ch are very useful 1n the
house •

~ " ~
, ... ....
ill0 '" latl.
~ .,
Odo atl. 9mq odo JEt ohun el0 A odo gun l.yan.
, ~ 1 ' ,.., - , ~
t'o wu 0, papa Julq tUn
;'
" " ~
onJ~ tl.t9Ju. , , ~
" " "
.,.
A nl0 odo latl. gun agunmu.
"
I' ... , ...
1'0 t1gb~
.,.
AW9n gbenagbena odo.. ,
N1gba tl. nw{>n ba l?..._ge 191 nlnu
oko, nwon y1.0 gbe ninu.
•
"" .... " ",
EyJ. nl. 1ya odo.
~, ...",
Orno odo gun JU J.ya odo lq.
I •
Odo atl. 9mq odo Jr ohun el0
t'o wulo, papa Julq ---
---- ------.
NJ.gbat1 nw?n ba I? ge _
___ , nwon Yl.O gbe n1DU.
•
Eyl. nJ. ___ •
______ gun JU --- --- lq.
67
" "
~ / "-
lat1 -Awon ob~nr~n 1'0 reran ma. •
odo "10 JU.
" '" " " " "- "-
"Odo JEt okan nl.nu ohun elo t1
•,
"" ,." " 11e.0 wulo pupo n1
•
A nlo odo latl. •-----""----
A nl0 odo _ 1.
Awon 1'0 reran lat1 -------- ma. •
10 odo JU.
Odo JEt qkan nmu ohun elo t1
0 ---- ---- -- ---.

Odo at1 9mq odo J~ ---- ---
- *--- ~---, papa Ju19 tun
onJr t1tQJU.
?mq odo 1ya odo lq.
A --- --- lat1 gun e
A --- --- lat1 gun e
oko, nwon _
--- -- 1ya odo.
--- ---_.
Odo J~ ---- ---- --- t1
a wulo pupa n1 11e •
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Kinni odo ati orno odo je?
I I •
Awon tani 0 ngbe odo?
• •
Kinni nwon fi nse odo?. .
Nibo ni nwon ti nri ohun ti nwon fi nse odo?
• • •
Ewo ni awon gbenagbena gbe inu re. orno odo ni tabi iya odo?. . . . .~ . .
Ewo 10 gun ju ekeji 10, orno odo tabi iya odo?
• ••
7. Kinni a nl0 odo fun?
8. Ninu ~kunrin ati obinrin tani 0 f~ran lati rna 10 odo ju?
68

MORTAR ANt> PESTLE - TEXT 2
Odo J~ 9kan nlnu ohun elo t1
o wulo PUp? fun 1t~JU onJq.
Orl~l meJl nl nw~n, ek1nn1,
lya odo; ekeJ1 J 9m~ odo.
pm~ odo t~rl' 0 81 gun JU 1ya
odo 10.I
Iya odo kuru.
A n10 odo latl gun agunmu,
elubo at1 1yan.
•
AW9n oblnrln 1'0 n10 odo pup~
JU.
Nlgbatl awon okunrln ba lo~• • 7
nW9n nlo lat1 gun agunmu.
Odo J~ 9kan n1nu ohun ela t1
o wulo fun onJr t1t9Ju.
69
The mortar 18 one of the tools
WhlCh are very useful 1n the
preparat10n of food.
They are ot two klnds, f1rst
the mortar, and second the
pestle.
The pestle lS thln and longer
than the mortar.
The mortar 1S short.
It 18 the carvers who carve the
mortar.
We use the mortar (and the pestle)
for poundlng agunmu, yam flour
and bOlled yams •
It lS women who use the mortar
most of the tlme.
When the men use the mortar,
they use lt for poundlng
agunmu (powder added toa
drlnk to form medlclne).
The mortar lS one of the most
useful utenslls for the
preparatl0n of food.
( 'The mortar 1S one among
tools Wh1Ch are useful
for food preparat10n. f )

Odo J~ 9kan ninu ohun elo tl
/ " "' , " ., ....."" ,o wulo pupo fun ltOJU onJe.. . ,
,.., I ' " ...... -.1,
Or1~1 meJ1 n1 nwqn, eklnnl,
iya odo; ekeJ1, 9mq od6.
, ' / / ......."' ...... ,
pm? odo t~r~, 0 81 gun JU lya.,
odo 10.t
... / "", /
Iya odo kuru.
Odo Jy 9kan n1nu ---- --- --
- ---- pupo fun 1tOJU onJe.. . ,
Or1~1 , eklnn1,
1ya odo; ekeJ1, 9mq odo.
--- --- t~rr' 0 81 1ya
odo 10.t
Iya odo •
---------- 1'0 ngbe odo •
•
/ /' /" "A nlo odo lat1 gun agunmu,
............ / "' ,e1ubo at1 1yan.,
....... " / .......
AW9n oblnr1n 1'6 n10 ado puPy
"JU.
, ',I"" " /""
N1gbat1 awon okunr1n ba 10,,,' ., ' - " , ... /
nW9n nlo lat1 gun agunmU•
Od ' , ... k ;" ... , t"lo J~ 9 an n1nu ohun e10
, , / ". , / t I ' " ,
o wu10 fUn onJr t1t9Ju.
---- ------- 1'0 nlo odo puPy
JU.
N1gbat1 _
-- --,
nW9n nlo 1at1 gun agunmu.
Odo Jy 9kan n1nu ohun elo t1
o wulo fun _ •
A nlo odo lat1 gun
----- a t1 •
------,
70

Odo Jy 9kan n1nu ohun e10 t1
o wulo pupa fun ----- ----II
Or1~1. meJl. nl. nw~n, .,
---J ekeJ1, 9m~ odo,
A _-_ -__ ---_ --_ agunmu,
elubo atl lyan.t
AW9n Obl.nr1n 1'0 _
__ a
Nl.gbat1 awon okunr1n ba 10,
• •pm)' odo __--, 0 81 gun '
10.t
nwon
• --- ---- --- ------1
--- kuru.
Odo J~ 9kan -___ ---- ---
- fun onJr t1t9Ju.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Odo je okan ninu ohun e10 ti 0 wu10 fun kinni?, I
Ori~i me10 ni odo?
Da oruko nwon., .
Ewo ni 0 tere ti 0 si gun ju ekeji 1o?
• • •
Kinni nkan meta ti a n10 odo 1ati gun?I
Kinni awon okunrin n10 odo fun?
• •
Iya odo _
71

THE CUTLASS - TEXT 1
Ada Je ohun elo tun awon agbe.. ,.
Ada k1 1~e ohun t'a nda ~e n1
Na1J1r1a.
A nlo ada fun 19bo ~1~an, at1
191 g1ge.
N1gbat1 a ba f r 10 ada, a 0
kpk9 gbe 19 s'qd9 aW9n
alagbede lat1 bawa tun
• •
enu re see. ,.
N1gbat1 enu re ba fe1e dada,• • ••
n1gbana n1 ada Y1 to mu.
T1 0 ba nku, a 0 mu lq s'or1
-okuta lat1 pone,
72
The cutlass 1S a tool for
farmers.
The length of 1t 1S two and
a half feet.
The cutlass 1S not an 1tem
wh1ch we manufacture 1n
N1ger1a.
They br1ng 1t from abroad.
( 'From abroad 1t-1S they
take 1t come. ,)
We use the cutlass for clear1ng
of bush and for cutt1ng of
wood.
When we want to use the cutlass
we shall f1rst take 1t to the
b1acksm1th to sharpen 1t for
us. (' ••• to accompany us
repeat 1tS edge do. ,)
When the edge 1S very th1n, then
the cutlass 1S sharp.
When 1t gets dull, we shall take
1t to a stone 1n order to
sharpen 1t.

-- .
"I , / /'" ,;' /Ada k1 1~e ohun t'a·nda fe n1
,'I. / / ..
Na1Jl.rl.a.
-. / / ,/ / ...
A nlo ada rUn l.gbo ~l.~an, at1
" /
l.gl. gl.ge.
Ada J; ohun el0 fun •
G1gun re to •
t
Ada kl. l.se ohun t'a --.
-------_.
/ ' / / , / .... / ,
Nl.gbatl. a ba fe 10 ada, a 0
/ - .v / __ / 'I. "
kpk9 gbe 1~ s'qd9 awpn
/ . . . . , / /
a1agbede 1atl. bawa tun
• •....
enu re seet • t
, ..... / ... / ,,1' /- /-
Nl.gbatl. enu re ba fe1e dada,• • ••" .... ~ ... ~ ..., / ,/
nl.gbana nl. ada yl. to rou.
T1 0 ba nkll, a 0 ~ 1q s'or1/ -
okUta lat1 P9n •
Nl.gbatl. a ba f~ 10 ada, a 0
kpk9 1--- -- ----- ----
latJ. bawa tun
enu re seet • t
Nl.gbatl. enu re ba fe1e dada,, . ..nl.gbana nl. __
-olmta la tl ponet
--------- nl. nW9n tl. nko va.
A nlo ada fun , at1
____ e
73
--- J 8 0 mu. lq s'or1

-- ---- --- --- aW9n agb~.
G1gun -- -- --- meJ1 ab9.
Ada -- --- ---- t'a nda ,e nl
Na1Jl.rl.a.
------- - -- - , a 0
k9k9 gbe 19 s'qd9 awpn
alagbede lat1 bawa tunI •
enu re seeI • I
N1gbat1 ,
n1gbana n1 ada "1 to mu.
T1 0 ba nku, _ _ __
----- lat1 ponet
A 19bo 5l.San, at1. ,
l.gl. gl.ge.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Awon tani ada wulo fun?t
Bawo ni ada ti gun to?
Nje a nro ada ni Naijiria?
• •
Bi b~ko, nibo ni nwon ti nko wa?• I •
Kinni a nlo ada fun?
-Awon wo ni yio ba wa tun enu ada se bi a ba fe 10?1 . , I
'" ...,Nigbawo ni ada to mu dada?
Nibo ni a ti nP9n ada bi 0 ba ku 1~nu?
74

THE OUTLASS - TEXT 2
Ada Je ohun elo t'o wulo funI
awon agbe.
• •
Ada kl lse ohun tl a nee n1. ,
11e lola •
•
Latl ldalr nl nw?n t1 nko ada
wa.
A nlo ada fUn 191 glge at1
19bo Slsan.. .
Nlgbatl a ba f~ P9n ada, a 0
k?k? gbe 19 s'qdq aW9n
alagb~dT latl ba'n1 lu ~nu
re, kl 0 fele.t , ,
Leh1nna a 0 mu 10 81 or1 okuta
• •
1atl pon, b1 0 ba ku lenu.
• •
75
The cutlass 1S a tool WhlCh
18 useful to the farmers.
The cutlass lS not a tool WhlCh
we make ln our country.
They [the Nlgerlans] brlng the
cutlass from forelgn lands.
Its length 1S two and a half
feet.
We use the cutlass for cuttlng
wood and for clearlng bush.
When we want to sharpen a
cutlass, we w111 f1rst
take lt to the blacksmlth
to help us beat lts edge,
so that 1t [may] be sharp.
Later on, we wl11 take 1t to
a stone to sharpen lt, lf
1t 18 dull.

'- , ,/
ohun e10
/' / "- I'
Ada Je t'o wl0 fun,
swon agbe.
• •
"-
ki ti
, II'
Ada l.se ohun a nse n1• •
l.le wa.
•
,. ' / ' / / / ' - /
Latl. l.dale n1 nwon t1 nko ada. ,
/
wa.
GigUn re to ese meJl. ~b~.I • , • ,
Ada Je ---- --- --- ---- tun,
awon agbe.
• •
Ada kl. l.se ohun __ _ --- --
•
Lat1 ada
wa.
----- -- to ese me JJ. abo.... ,
A nlo ada fUn at1
~gbo S1san.I •
"-
A nlo ada rUn l.gl. g1ge at1
J.gbo S3-San•I •
Hl.gba ti a;_bS f~ P9n ada, a <>
v,. ~ ", .... ""
kpk? gbe 19 s'qdq aW9n
alagbede latl. ba'n1 lu e.nu• I
.... '" I' "',,;
r~, kl. 0 f~lye
L~h'i.nn'i' a <> m;; 10 s1. ori okuta, /- .,; - / / , / / ,,;
latl. pon, b1 0 ba ku lenu., .
Ada J r ohun elo t'o wul0 _
-----
____ tl. a nse n1
•
~le wa •
•
Lat~ 1dale n1 nwon t1 _. ,
-- .
Gl.gun re to e
I
A nlo ada fUn l.gl. gl.ge at1
Nl.gbat~ - ,
kpk? gbe 19 s'qdq aW9n
alagbyd~ lat1 ba'n1 lu
re, k1 0 .f'ele.
• • •
a 0
enu
•
Nl.gbatl. a ba fp P9D ada, a 0
koko gbe 10 s'odq _• • T .
---- 1atl. ba'n1 lu yDU
r~, e
Leh1nna a 0 DIU 10 S1 or1 okuta
• •
1at1 pon, -- - -- -- ----e•
76
Lyhl.nna a 0 mu 19 __ _ _
_______ , b1 0 ba ku lenu•
•

1. Kinni ada je?,
2. Ada wu10 fun ati _ _ 0
3.
4.
5.
""Lodo tani ao koko mu ada 10 nigbati a ba fe pon?. , .' . . ,
Bawo ni a tise nfe ki enu re ki 0 ri?. , . .
Nigbawo ni a nmu ada 10 s'ori okuta fun pipon?
• •
77

THE CUTLASS - TEXT 3
Ada Je ohun elo t1 0 wulo fun,
awon agbe.I I
Ada k1 1~e ohun t1 a n~e n1
Na1J1r1.a.
A nra ada lat1. 1dale n1.I
The cutlass 1S a tool Wh1Ch
18 useful to the farmers.
A cutlass 1.5 not a th1ng whl.ch
we make 1n N1ger1a.
[On the contrary,) We buy
cutlasses from abroad.
N1gbat1. a ba fe,
o koko gbe 10, , ,
alagbede lat1I ,
enu re.I ,
10 ada, a
s'odo awonI' .
ba wa ponI
When we want to use a cutlass,
we w1lI f1rst take 1t to the
blacksm1th 1n order to sharpen
the edge for us.
Leh1.n n~ a 0 mU 10 S1 or1, .okuta lat1 P9n, b1 0 ba
ku lE?nu.
N1gbat1. 0 ba mu dada, a nl0 tun
191 g1ge at1 19bo S1san.. .
Ada Jy ohun elo t1 aW9n agbef
f~ran PUp?
78
After that we w11l take 1t to
a rock to sharpen 1t 1f 1t
18 dull.
When 1t 18 very sharp, we use
1t for cutt1ng wood and
clearl.ng bush.
The cutlass 1S a tool wh1ch
the farmers l1ke very much.

Ad~ ki l.se,,. ,
Na]J~r~a.
, .... '" ,. , " ',:,:::; ..... / ~ ,/
N1gbat1 0 ba mu dada, a n10 tun
./ ".... "'" ".
~g1 g1ge at1 19bo ~1~an.
", ~ , ~ " "
Leh~n na a 0 mu 10 s~ or1
, "'- ..... " " - "" /
okuta 1at~ P9n, b1 0 ba
kU 1~nu.
" ,," '"ohun t1 a n~e n1
.... ,
" -' / ' ' ' "Ada Je ohun e10 t1 0 wu10 fun,
"- ,,"-
awon agbe.I •
". " "",
N1gbat~ a ba fe/- ,
(, koko gbe 10, , ." "alagbede 1at1I I
enu re.I ,
10 ada, a
stqd9 aw?n
ba wa pon,
""" " " " ...... '"Ada Jy ohun e1a t1 aW9n agbr'" / '
reran pupa.I •
Ada Jr ohun ela __ _ fun
awon agbe.I •
Ada -- t1. a n~e n1
------ 1at1 P9n, b1 0 ba
ku l~nu.
Nal.J1.r1a.
A 1dale n1.I
N1gbat ~1. , a n1a tun
l.gl. gl.ge at1 19bo S1san., .
t1 aW9n agbe
•
o koko gbe 10I , I
alagbede lat1.I I
enu re.I ,
-- ---, a
stodo awan, . I
ba wa ponI
79

t1 0 wulo fun
Ada kl. l.se ohun
•
A nra ada latl. --.
Nl.gbat1 a ba fa 10 ada, a,
o koko gbe 10 s'odo awon• • I ' "
alagbede __ --I •
_____ e
L~h1n ni a 0 mu 19 51 _
----- ---- ---, b1 0 ba
ku l~nUe
Nl.gbatl. 0 ba mu dada, a nlo run
--- ---- --- ---- -----.
Ada J~ ohun elo
----- pUP9·
1. Da'ruko ohun el0 kan ti o wul0 fun awon agbe.f , ,
2. Nibo ni awon ara Naijiria ti nra ada?,
......,
3. Kinni ao koko se si ada ki a to 10?
• , f
4. Lehin igbawo ni a to nlo ada fun igi gige ati igbo ~i~an?,
5. Iru ohun elo wo ni ada je?
•
80

GARDEN - TEXT 1
o j~ a~a larin aW9n Xoruba lati
rna ni agbala kekeke leba ileI
nwon .
•
Ki i~e pe gbogbo .ile il~ Yoruba
1'0 ni agbala.
~ugb9n aw?n ti nW9n ba ni il~ to,
nW9n ma ni agbala.
Ninu agbala nw?nyi, nW9n ngbin
nkan g~g~bi ~f~, 9?an, agbado,
~pa ati nkan kekeke ti awon•
enia Ie ma ta l~ja.
Ti oko ba kun ninu agbala yi,
bale ile yio pe awon omo
• ••
kekeke jo lati roo•
Nigbati nw~n ba ro tan, 0 Ie
fun nwon ni nkan b'o ba fee
• •
It is a custom among the Yoruba
people to have small gardens
near their houses.
It is not that all houses in
Yoruba land have gardens.
But those (people) who have
enough land usually have
gardens.
In these gardens they plant
things such as vegetables,
oranges, corn, groundnuts
and other small things which
people can sell in the market.
When weeds
l
fill this garden
the senior male of the hou~e
will call the children to
hoe it.
When they finish weeding it he
may give them something if
he wishes.
l/Oko/ means 'grass' as well 'farm.'
81

_ /
" ' / / / - / ",,,Nigbati nW9n ba ro tan, 0 le
fun nwon nl nkan b'eS ba fee
• •
/ ; , , , , , " " , '" 'iI
-=..: / ,," ....
bale ile yio pe ~~?n 9rn9
kekeke jo lati rOeI
/ .... ,".... ... / /
o j~ a~a larin aW9n xoruba 1ati
/, .. , / / ... / /v /
rna n~ agba1a kekeke 1Tba i1e
nwon•
•
xi 'lEle ~ gbogbo i1~ i1~ Yorub~
1'0 nl agbala.
...... .... " / /' /. , , /
Sugbon awo.n ti nW9n ba ni il~ to,, ., -- /, ...... b'l/nW9n rna n~ ag a a.
; ' / . , / " v /'
Ninu agbaia nW9ny1, nW9n
" / /, ... '" -......
nkan g~g~b1 ~f~, 9~an,
.... " " . '" ,,;' /,
~pa at1 nkan kekeke t1
, ':'" , !t'V " / . '
en1a Ie rna ta IOJa ..
/'
ngbin
" "agbado,
....
awpn
o je ----- ---- Yoruba 1ati.rna ni agbala kekeke 1Tba i1e
nwon.I
Xi i,e pe _ L
1'0 ni agbala.
rna ni
Xi i~e pe gbogbo ile i1~ Yoruba
--- -- -----_..
Sugbon __ --
• •
nwc;>n rna ni agbala.
il~ to, pugbc;>n awc;>n ti nW9n __
nW9n rna ni agbala.
-- --- --,
Ninu agbala nW9nyi,
__________ ~f~, 9~an,
~pa ati tikan kekeke ti
enia Ie rna ta loja.
•
agbado,
awon
•
Ninu agbala nW9nyi, nwc;>n ngbin
nkan g~g~bi ---, , ,
___ ati nkan kekeke ti awon.
enia Ie rna ta loja .
•
bale ile yio pe __--
______ __ 1ati rOt
Nigbati ,ole
fun nwon ni nkan b'o ba fee
• •
82
--- yio pe aw?n 9rn9
kekeke jo lati rOtI
Nigbati nW9n ba ro tan, 0 1e
--- ---- -- ---- b'o ba feet

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Da'ruko okan ninu asa awon Yoruba., . "
Nj~ gbogbo ile ti 0 wa ni il~ Yoruba ro ni agbala?
Iru aW9n enia wo ni 0 nni agbala?
Kinni awon enia rna gbin sinu agbala yi?
•
Ona wo ni nwon ngba lati toju agbala yi?
• • •
Kinni bale ile le ,e nigbati agbala yi bati ni it9ju tan?
8'3

GARDEN - TE~ 2
o j~ a9a larin aW9n Yoruba, papa
jul? lati ma ni Qgba nigbati
ile nW<j>n ba tobi.
Awon ti nwon ma se eleyi ni awon
I " •
hale ile.
Nigbati nW9n b: f~ ~e ~gba, nW9n
yio ra igi yi ka tabi lati mo
•
ogiri y1 ka.
Aw?n 9m? kekeke ile ni yio ro oko
nigbati oko ria ba kun.
Bale ile yio pe nwon yio si fun
•
nw<;>n ni nkan.
Nw9n rna gbin ~f9, agbado, 9san
ati nkan miran ti nwon le ta,
l'oja nibe.. .
Awon enia feran lati rna ni ogba• t •
kekeke nitoripe i ma mu owo
wole fun nwon.
• •
84
It is a practice among the
Yoruba people to have gardens,
especially when their house
is big.
Those that usually do this are
the senior males of the house-
holds.
When they want to construct a
garden, they will fence it
with sticks or build a wall
around it.
The children at home will hoe
the garden when the garden is
weedy (' full' ) .
The senior male will call them
and he will give them something.
They usually plant vegetables,
corn, oranges and other things
that they can sell in the
market.
People like to have small gardens
because it usually brings money
for them.

oj~ a,-a li'rin aW<j>n YorUb~, papa
.' " - /.." " --: ..... "JUI~ lati rna ni qgba n1gbati
. " ,,,,
1le nW9n ba tobi.
.... , / "" / ...,
Awon ti nwon rna se eleyi ni awonI I . •
-" . ,bale l.le.
" ", ....", , ~
Awon orno kekeke ile ni yio ro oko• I .
~ " ~"
nigbati oko na ba kun.
o j~ a,a larin aW<j>n ¥oruba, papa
julo lati rna ni qgba nigbati._________ ----e
ni awon
•
Nigbati nW9n b~ fff ~e '!gba, nwc;>n
yio ra ig1 yi ka tabi ---- --
"""Aw~n c;>m? kekeke ile ni yio ro _
kun.
Bale ile yi..o pe nwon yio s i flin
•..;
nwon nl. nkan.
•
;' "'" "....Nw9n rna gbin ~f9, agbado, 9san
... v.. / / "
ati nkan miran ti nwon Ie ta
•/ ..... , ....
l'oja nibe.. ,
"",,, "'.......
Awon enia feran lati rna ni o.gbaI I
/ .. / I " I " " , " ,
kekeke nitoripe i rna rnu 0'110
, "
wole fun nwon.
• •
Bale ile yio pe nwon yio si
•
""Nw9n rna gbin , , _
ati ti nwon Ie ta
•
I'oja nibe.. ,
Awon enia feran• I
kekeke nitoripe i rna rnu 0'110
wole fun nwon.
• •

o j~ a~a larin awc;>n Yoruba, papa
jul? __ __ _ nigbati
ile nW9n ba tobi.
nw?n ni nkan.
yio si fun
""Awon ti nwon rna se eleyi ni, , ,
---- ---.
Nigbati nW9n ba f~ ~e ~gba, _
--- -- --- -- tabi lati rno
•..-.
ogiri yi ka.
Awon -__ ------ --- -- --- ro okoI
nigbati oko na ba kun.
Nw9n rna gbin ~f9, agbado, 9san
ati nkan rniran __ __ __
l'oja nibe.. ,
Awon enia feran lati rna ni ogba
" .kekeke nitoripe i rna rnu _
1. Ni igbawo ni aw?n Yoruba f~ran lati rna ni ?gba (agbala)
leba ile nwon'?. .
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Awon wo ni saba rna se eleyi larin awon ebi?, I , •
Ona meji wo ni nwon le gba se ogba'?
, . ' ,
Awon tani yio ro oko nigbati agbala na ba kun'?,
Kinni bale ile yio ~e fun awqn ti nW9n ro 9gba na'?
Da'ruko ohun ogbin ti 0 wopo ninu o,gba.• I ' ,
Nitori kinni aW9n enia fi f~ran lati rna ni ~gba kekere l~ba
ile w<?n?
86

RAINY SEASON - TEXT 1
Asiko ojo ni ile Yoruba bere lati, , ,
o~u k~rin qdun titi de o~u k~j9
odun •
•
~ugbpn ni o~u keje 9dun, ojo a rna
r9 puPq.
Ni asiko yi aw~n enia a rna j~
-onjT ti 0 gbona, g~g~bi ~k9
rnirnu tabi amola ti 0 gbona
•
-"'"dada.
L~hin na nW9n a tun rna 10 agborun
lati bo ori nwon..
--Nwon tun feran lati ma wo aso ti. , I • •
o nipon ati lati ma de fila ti
•
yio bo eti nW9n l'asiko yi.
~
Ni igba ojo, il~ a ma Y9 19Pp19PQ1
nitorina, eni ti yio ba rin ninu
•
ojo yio mura k'o rna ~ubu.
87
The rainy season in Yoruba
land begins from April
[and goes] till August.
But in July it usually rains
heavily.
At this time, the people often
eat food which is hot, such
as eating of Indian corn meal
or yam flour turned with very
hot water.
Also they usually use an
umbrella to cover their
heads •
They also like to wear thick
clothes and to wear caps
that will cover their ears
at this time.
During the rainy season, the
ground is always very slippery:
therefore, whoever walks in the
rain will be fully prepared so
as not to fall.

"..... -...........
Lehin na nwon a tun rna 10 agborun. .
lati bo ori nwqn•
Asiko
/ ..... /
"ojo ni ile Yoruba bere lati
• • •.... .. ~
osu k~rin odun titi de osu kejo
• • • . ."odun•.
~ugb?n ni o~u keje qd~n, ojo a rna
....... ;'
r<;> puPq.
, " /....... / -Nwon tun feran lati rna wo aso" . .,
onipon ati lati rna de fllat
/ ." , "" ~..,/
yio bo eti nwon l'asiko yi.
•
/
ti
/
ti
/ ....., J
Ni asiko yi
oilje ti 0
•" , ..mirnu tabi_ -v
dada.
" ' "-
awon enia a rna je. ,
"" .;" ~ "gbona, g~g~bJ.. E;k9
.... " , , , ,,,
amola ti 0 gbona
•
/......... " - - " " "Ni igba ojo, il~ a rna Y9 19P919Pq:
" / " ' " ./ / y ' ' /
•
ojo yio mUra k'o rna ~ubU •
Asiko oJoo ni ile Yoruba bere
• • •
titi de o~u k~j9
odun•.
Asiko ojo ni ile Yoruba bere lati
• • •
o~u k~rin qdun _
~ugbpn ni o~u keje qdun, ojo
______ e
Sugbon ni. .
r<;> puPq.
---- ----, ojo a rna
Ni asiko yi aw~n enia a rna j~
-_____ , gegebi ekn. , • T
rnirnu tabi amola ti 0 gbona,_ -v
dada.
Ni asiko yi awon enia a rna JOe. ,
onje ti 0 gbona, _
•
---- tabi amola ti 0 gbona
•_ -v
dada.
oJ
L~hin na nw?n a tun rna 10 ------- Lehin na.
lati bo ori nwqn.
agborun
Nwon tun feran lati rna wo aso ti. , . .,
o ati lati rna de fila ti
____________ l'asiko yi.
Ni igba ojo, -- --------:
•
ojo yio mura k'o rna ,ubu.
Nw~n tun __ __ ti
o nipon ati lati rna de fila ti
•
yio bo eti nwon l'asiko yi.
•
Ni igba ojo, il~ a rna Y9 19P919Pq:
•
ojo yio rnura •
88

1. Ni asiko wo ni ojo bere ni ile Yoruba?I , • ,
2. Ninu osu wo ni ojo rna ro pupo?
• • •
3. Da'ruko iru onje ti awon enia £eran lati rna je ni igba ojo.• , • I ,
4. Kinni awon enia £i nbo ori nwon ni igba ojo?, ,
-5. Iru aso wo ni awon enia £eran lati rna wo ni asiko ojo?.. • • • •
6. Se apejuwe iru fila ti awon enia nde ni igba ojo., ,
7. Nitor i kinni eniti yio ba rin ninu ojo yio fi rnura ki,
o rna ba ~ubu?
89

--Ninu asiko ojo ni ile iwo orun. ~
....
Naijiria, ojo a rna r9 19P?I~P9.
Eyi bere lati o~u k~rinl odun, I •
titi de osu kejo.. ..
Ninu osu keje odun ojo a rna ro. , I
pupo gan nilI
Awpn enia a ma 10 9mbur~la lati
bo ori nW9n.
-Nwnn a si ma je onje ti 0 gbona,T , , ,
gegebi eko gbigbona tabi amnIa." , . T
Il~ a ma y? pUP9 ni asiko yi.
Ara a si tun rna san bakanna.
Ni asiko ojo aW9n enia frran lati
ma gbin nkan oko.
During the rainy season in the
Western Provinces of Nigeria,
it often rains heavily.
This begins from April [and
goes] till August.
In July, rain usually falls very
heavily.
People often use an umbrella
to cover their heads.
They also eat hot foods, such as
hot Indian corn meal or yam
flour turned with very hot water.
They also wear thick clothes.
The ground is always very
slippery at this time.
There is also thunder.
During the rainy season people
like to plant crops.
l/keje/ corrected to /k~rin/ by the speaker.
90

,. / " ,. ~' ~,
Ninu asiko ojo ni i1~ 1W? orun
Na!jiria, ojo a rna rq 19Pp1?P9.
~'" / ".' ,Ninu o~u keje 9dun oJo a rna r9
, "
PUp? gan nil
Eyi b~r~ 1ati o~u Kerin• • T .
" " " ,
titi de osu kejo.. ..
"odun
•
" ..... / ..... " ... "
11~ a rna Y? pUP9 ni asiko yi.
~, "I' , / "
Ara a si tun rna san bakanna.
.. ", " " ", " ,-
Awpn enia a rna 10 9rnbur~1a 1ati
/,
bo or1 nW9n.
Ninu asiko --- --
Naijiria, ojo a rna rn lopolopo.T , . , •
,. ... '''' , ... ; " ,/
Ni ~siko ojo aW9n enia f?ran lati
rna gbin nkan oko.
11~ a rna y? __ ___
--- - -- --
___ 1ati of?u k~rin
titi de o~u k~jq.
Ninu o~u keje 9dun
____ gan nil
odun
•
rna san bakanna.
Ni asiko ojo lati
rna gbin nkan oko.
Awpn enia a rna 10 9rnbur~1a 1ati
--- ----..
Nw9n a si rna j~ Qnje ti 0 gbona,
gegebi tabi •
, ,
Nwon ntun ___ ti 0 nipon.. ,
91

Ninu asiko ojo ni lIe iwo orun. ,
Naijiria, -_ lopolopo., . . ,
Eyi bere ke.rin
• •
~--- -- --- ---~.
....,
ojo a rna ro
•
pup~ gan ni.
Awpn enia a -- -- -----___ Iati
bo ori nW9n..
NW9n a si rna j~ ,
gegebi eko gbigbona tabi amnIa., . , . T
Nw?n ntun nw~ ~
--- - -- Y9 pUP9 ni asiko yi•
Ara a si tun _- --- bakanna.
Ni asiko ojo aW9n enia f?ran lati
-- ---- ---- --~o
1. -Bawo ni ojo ti nro to ni iwo orun Naijiria ni asiko ojo?
• • •
2. Ojo bere lati osu, . , titi de osu,
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Bawo ni ojo tise rna ro 8i ninu osu keje odun?
'. . .Kinni awon enia ma 10 agborun fun ni igba ojo?
•
Da'ruko onje rneji ti awon enia rna saba je ni asiko ojo.• • • I
Ni igba ojo, awon enia a rna wo aso ti 0
• • • I
a ma san ni asiko ojo.
--- .Kinni awon agbe rna. se ni asiko ojo?, . . .
92

Ojo b~re ni nkan bi osu kerinT • ,
odun titi de osu keJ·o.t " ,
-./
Sugbon ojo yi a rna ro lopolopo, , • " , I
ninu osu keje odun., ,
Onj~ ti aW9n enia f~ran ni igbayi,
ohun ni eko gbigbona ati amnIa, , T
t i 0 gbona dadci'.
Awc;>n enia a rna 10 agborun lati bo
ori nwon.I
~
Ara a rna san lopolopo l'asiko yi., ' . .
Awo.n enia a si tun rna wo aso ti 0• I •
niP9n ati fila ti 0 nip9n lati
bo eti nwon.,
"'"Il~ a rna Y9 gan l'asiko ojo.
Awon enia si feran lati rna diramu
• ,
ki nwon k'o ma ba ,ubu.
•
--- maAraa tun san.
93
Rain begins [to fall] about
April [and goes] till August.
But this rain is usually very
heavy in July.
The foods which people like qt
this season are hot Indian
corn meal and yam flour turned
with very hot water.
People often use an umbrella
to cover their heads.
It often thunders a lot at this
time.
People also usually wear thick
clothes and thick caps to
cover their ears.
The ground is always very
slippery during the rainy
period.
And people like to be prepared
so that they may not fall.
It often thunders.

YORUBA:
" , ..... I / ......
Ojo b~r~ ni nkan bi o~u krrin
od~n tit! de osu kejo., ' I T
~ugbpn ojo yi a rn~ ro 1~pp19P?
' ; ' " ,
INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
" . . . . " ""';JI " ~
Awon enia a si tun rna wo aso ti 0• • ,T
niP9n ati fila ti 0 nlp9n l~ti
/
bo eti nwon •
•
Onj~ ti aW9n en!a f~ran ni igbayi,
ohun ni eko gbigbona ati amola, • 1"
tf. <5 gbana dada.
" ... "" ... -', ,
Awc;>n enia a rna 10 agborun lati bo
,
ori nwon.,
" '"~ , "" , , ' " ~
Ara a rna san lopoloP9 l'asiko yi., ' . ,
Ojo b~r~ ni nkan bi o~u krrin
odun -- ---,
Onj~ ti aW9n enia f~ran ni igbayi,
ohun ni . ati _
ti 0 gbona dada.
"" ~ / ' "'. /
Awon enia S1 feran lat1 rna diramu
• / k' 01" . , b-~ b /'
ki nw?n rna a ,U u.
.- / I" /
Ara a tun rna san.
Awon enia a si tun rna wo aso ti 0• • ,T
niP9n --- lati
bo eti nwon •
•
gan l'asiko ojo.
Awc;>n enia a rna
ori nwon.,
_ -___ bo
___ a tun rna san.
~
Ara a lopolopo l' •
, t , ,
94

-- ati fila ti 0 nipon 1ati
•
YORUBA:
ojo b~ry __ __ _ _
odun titi de osu kejn.• ' I •
INTERMEDIATE TEXTS
Awon enia a si tun rna•
- - - - - I
~
~ugb?n ojo yi a rna - - 1
bo eti nwon.a
ninu osu, lIe, -- --- l'asiko ojo.
______ ---- ----- ni igbayi,
ohun ni eko gbigbona ati amn1a, , .ti 0 gbona dad~.
_________ a rna 10 agborun
"tJ
Ara a rna l'asiko yi.
Awon enia si feran 1ati rna, ,
.-
Ara a tun --a
1. Larin osu kerin odun 5 i osu wo ni ojo bere ni Naijiria?. • • • . ,
2. Ojo a rna ro lopolopo ninu osu qdun.
• • I , ,
,
3. ati ni onj7 ti awon enia feran ni asiko ojo.I
•
4. Da'ruko ona rneji ti awon enia fi npa ara nwon mo lowe ojo.I
• . , , • •
5i yiyo kinni
~
nigbati5. Yato ile tun rna sele ojo ba nro?
• , • I •
•
,
95

Learn Yoruba - FSI Intermediate Course

Learn Yoruba - FSI Intermediate Course

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