HTML5 Essentials

HTML5 Essentials
by Marc Grabanski

• Less Header Code
• More Semantic HTML tags
• Media Tags
• Geolocation
• Canvas
• Input Types
• Form Validation
• Draggable
• Local Storage
• Cross-Domain Messaging
• Web Sockets
• Eventually, 3D canvas

Less Header Code

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset=”utf-8”>
<title>foo</title>
</head>
...

No need for type attribute

<script src=”foo.js”>
</script>

<link href=”foo.css”></link>

More Semantic HTML tags
<div id=”header”>

<div id=”nav”>

<div id=”article”> <div id=”sidebar”>

<div id=”footer”>

More Semantic HTML tags
<header>

<nav>

<section> <aside>

<article>

<footer>

Fix IE for HTML5 elements

document.createElement(‘header’);

HTML5 Shiv


or the more advanced

http://www.modernizr.com

Output
<output name="result"></output>

Progress
<progress id="p" max=100><span>0</span>%</progress>

Progress in Action
<p>Progress: <progress id="p" max=100><span>0</span>%</
progress></p>
<script>
var progressBar = document.getElementById('p');
function updateProgress(newValue) {
progressBar.value = newValue;
progressBar.getElementsByTagName('span')[0].textContent =
newValue;
}
</script>

Progress is for status of a set of tasks

Meter is for a gauge of measure

Meter

Storage space usage:
<meter value=6 max=8>6 blocks used (out of 8 total)
</meter>

Voter turnout:
<meter value=0.75><img alt="75%"
src="graph75.png"></meter>

Tickets sold:
<meter min="0" max="100" value="75"></meter>

Details and Summary
<details>
<summary>Copying... <progress max="375505392"
value="97543282"></progress> 25%</summary>
<dl>
<dt>Transfer rate:</dt> <dd>452KB/s</dd>
<dt>Local filename:</dt> <dd>/home/rpausch/raycd.m4v</dd>
<dt>Remote filename:</dt> <dd>/var/www/lectures/raycd.m4v</dd>
<dt>Duration:</dt> <dd>01:16:27</dd>
<dt>Color profile:</dt> <dd>SD (6-1-6)</dd>
<dt>Dimensions:</dt> <dd>320×240</dd>
</dl>
</details>

Address

<address>
<a href="../People/Raggett/">Dave Raggett</A>,
<a href="../People/Arnaud/">Arnaud Le Hors</A>,
contacts for the w3c HTML activity
</address>

Address applies to the nearest Article or Body tag.

Data Attributes
<div class="spaceship" data-ship-id="92432"
data-weapons="laser 2" data-shields="50%"
data-x="30" data-y="10" data-z="90">
<button class="fire">
</div>

<script>
div = document.getElementsByTagName(‘ div’)[0];
spaceships[div.dataset.shipId].fire()
</script>

Section
<article>
<hgroup>
<h1>Apples</h1>
<h2>Tasty, delicious fruit!</h2>
</hgroup>
<p>The apple is the pomaceous fruit of the apple tree.</p>
<section>
<h1>Red Delicious</h1>
<p>These bright red apples are the most common found in many
supermarkets.</p>
</section>
<section>
<h1>Granny Smith</h1>
<p>These juicy, green apples make a great filling for
apple pies.</p>
</section>
</article>

Good
<body>
<h4>Apples</h4>
<p>Apples are fruit.</p>
<section>
<h2>Taste</h2>
<p>They taste lovely.</p>
<h6>Sweet</h6>
<p>Red apples are sweeter</p>
<h1>Color</h1>
<p>Apples come in various
colors.</p>
</section>
</body>

Better
<body>
<h1>Apples</h1>
<p>Apples are fruit.</p>
<section>
<h2>Taste</h2>
<p>They taste lovely.</p>
<section>
<h3>Sweet</h3>
<p>Red apples are sweeter</p>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Color</h2>
<p>Apples come in various colors.</p>
</section>
</body>

Figure and Figure Caption

<figure>
<img src="bubbles-work.jpeg"
alt="Bubbles, sitting in his office chair, works on his
latest project intently.">
<figcaption>Bubbles at work</figcaption>
</figure>

Figure and Figure Caption
<p>In <a href="#l4">listing 4</a> we see the primary
core interface
API declaration.</p>
<figure id="l4">
<figcaption>Listing 4. The primary core interface API
declaration.</figcaption>
<pre><code>interface PrimaryCore {
boolean verifyDataLine();
void sendData(in sequence<byte> data);
void initSelfDestruct();
}</code></pre>
</figure>

Time and Publish Date Attribute
<time pubdate datetime="2009-10-09T14:28-08:00"></time>

<article>
<header>
<h1>The Very First Rule of Life</h1>
<p><time pubdate datetime="2009-10-09T14:28-08:00"></time></p>
</header>
<p>If there's a microphone anywhere near you, assume it's hot and
sending whatever you're saying to the world. Seriously.</p>
<p>...</p>
<section>
<h1>Comments</h1>
<article>
<footer>
<p>Posted by: George Washington</p>
</footer>
<p>Yeah! Especially when talking about your lobbyist friends!</p>
</article>
<article>
<footer>
<p>Posted by: George Hammond</p>
</footer>
<p>Hey, you have the same first name as me.</p>
</article>
</section>
</article>

Breadcrumb Navigation
<nav>
<p>
<a href="/" rel="index up up up">Main</a> >
<a href="/products/" rel="up up">Products</a> >
<a href="/products/dishwashers/" rel="up">Dishwashers</a> >
<a>Second hand</a>
</p>
<p>
<a href="/" rel="index up up">Main</a> >
<a href="/second-hand/" rel="up">Second hand</a> >
<a>Dishwashers</a>
</p>
</nav>

Similarly, pagination can be done with
first, last, next and prev

Menu and Command

<menu type="toolbar">
<command type="radio" radiogroup="alignment" checked="checked"
label="Left" icon="icons/alL.png" onclick="setAlign('left')">
<command type="radio" radiogroup="alignment"
label="Center" icon="icons/alC.png" onclick="setAlign('center')">
<command type="radio" radiogroup="alignment"
label="Right" icon="icons/alR.png" onclick="setAlign('right')">
<hr>
<command type="command" disabled
label="Publish" icon="icons/pub.png" onclick="publish()">
</menu>

Menu (continued)
<menu type="toolbar">
<li>
<menu label="File">
<button type="button" onclick="fnew()">New...</button>
<button type="button" onclick="fopen()">Open...</button>
<button type="button" onclick="fsave()">Save</button>
<button type="button" onclick="fsaveas()">Save as...</button>
</menu>
</li>
<li>
<menu label="Edit">
<button type="button" onclick="ecopy()">Copy</button>
<button type="button" onclick="ecut()">Cut</button>
<button type="button" onclick="epaste()">Paste</button>
</menu>
</li>
<li>
<menu label="Help">
<li><a href="help.html">Help</a></li>
<li><a href="about.html">About</a></li>
</menu>
</li>
</menu>

Mark is highlighting something
<p><mark>Momentum is preserved across the wormhole.
Electromagnetic
radiation can travel in both directions through a wormhole,
but matter cannot.</mark></p>

Strong is different, denotes importance
<p>When a wormhole is created, a vortex normally forms.
<strong>Warning: The vortex caused by the wormhole opening
will
annihilate anything in its path.</strong> Vortexes can be avoide
when
using sufficiently advanced dialing technology.</p>

Not all Navigation should use <nav>

<nav></nav>

only main navigation, for instance
footer nav is secondary

Article is unique content to the page.

<article></article>

Hgroup, highest rank group of headings

<hgroup></hgroup>

Itemscope and Itemprop

<div itemscope>
<p>My name is <span itemprop="name">Elizabeth</span>.</p>
</div>

<div itemscope>
<p>My name is <span itemprop="name">Daniel</span>.</p>
</div>

<div itemscope>
<p>My name is <span itemprop="name">Neil</span>.</p>
<p>My band is called <span itemprop="band">Four Parts Water</
span>.</p>
<p>I am <span itemprop="nationality">British</span>.</p>
</div>

Media Tags

<video src=” cat.ogg” />

add native controls
<video src=”cat.ogg” controls />

Media Tags

<video controls/>
<source src=”cat.mp4” />
<source src=”cat.ogg” />
</video>

http://camendesign.com/code/video_for_everybody

Video Format Support

Ogg Theora/Voribs

- Firefox 3.5+
- Chrome
- Opera

MPEG-4 H.264/AAC

- Safari
- Chrome
- Opera

Native Video Fallback with Flash
- Safari (v4.0.4+)
- Google Chrome (v4.0+)
- Firefox (v3.6+)

http://jilion.com/sublime/video

Media Tags

<audio src=”test.ogg”></audio>

<audio src=”test.ogg” autoplay controls loop>
<a href=”test.ogg”>download</a>
</audio>

Native GeoLocation

navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(
function(position){
position.coords.latitude,
position.coords.longitude
}
);

GeoLocation w/ Google Ajax API fallback
if (navigator && navigator.geolocation) {
// HTML5 GeoLocation
function getLocation(position) {
proccessDirections.sortLocations(
position.coords.latitude,
position.coords.longitude
);
}
navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(getLocation);
} else {
// Google AJAX API fallback GeoLocation
if ((typeof google == 'object') && google.loader &&
google.loader.ClientLocation) {
proccessDirections.sortLocations(
google.loader.ClientLocation.latitude,
google.loader.ClientLocation.longitude
);
}
}

Canvas

<canvas id=”square”>
fallback content
</canvas>

<script>
canvas = canvas.getElementById(‘square’);
context = canvas.getContext(‘2d’);
context.fillStyle = “#000000”;
context.fillRect(0, 0, 100, 100);
</script>

Canvas Internet Explorer Support

ExplorerCanvas
http://code.google.com/p/explorercanvas/

Input Types

<input type=”email” />

tel datetime
search date
email range
url color

Unsupported browsers default to text.

Input Types
Input type changes keyboard on iphone.

Input Type Range + Datalist

<input type="range" min="-100" max="100"
value="0" step="10" name="power" list="powers">
<datalist id="powers">
<option value="0">
<option value="-30">
<option value="30">
<option value="+50">
</datalist>

Input Type Number + Output

<input name=a type=number step=any> +
<input name=b type=number step=any> =
<output onforminput="value = a.value + b.value"></output>

File Upload Multiple

<input type=file multiple>

Input Type Email + Multiple

<label>Cc: <input type=email multiple name=cc></label>

Datalist

<label>Homepage: <input name=hp type=url list=hpurls></label>
<datalist id=hpurls>
<option value="http://www.google.com/" label="Google">
<option value="http://www.reddit.com/" label="Reddit">
</datalist>

Form Validation

<input name="custname" required>

<script>
form.checkValidity();
</script>

Custom Validation

<label>Feeling: <input name=f type="text" oninput="check(this)"></label>
<script>
function check(input) {
if (input.value == "good" ||
input.value == "fine" ||
input.value == "tired") {
input.setCustomValidity('"' + input.value + '" is not a feeling.');
} else {
// input is fine -- reset the error message
input.setCustomValidity('');
}
}
</script>

Storage

sessionStorage.setItem(key, value);
sessionStorage.getItem(key);

localStorage.setItem(key, value);
localStorage.getItem(key);

Local Storage in Yahoo! Search Pad

Local Storage in Yahoo! Search Pad

http://www.jstorage.info/

Application Storage / Offline

<html manifest=”cache.manifest”>

detect online or offline

window.addEventListener('online', online, true);
window.addEventListener('offline', online, true);

Draggable

<div draggable=”true”></div>

addEvent(div, “dragstart”, function(e){
e.dataTransfer.setData(‘foo’, ‘bar’);
}, true);

addEvent(div, ‘dragend’, function(e){
e.dataTransfer.getData(‘foo’);
}, true);

Cross Domain Messaging

postMessage(string);

onMessage(event) {
event.data;
}

Editable Content

Turn an element into an editable area.
<script>
document.getElementsByTagName('p')[0].contentEditable = true;
</script>

Web Sockets
var ws = new WebSocket("ws://hostname:80/");
ws.onmessage = function (event) {
event.data
};
ws.onclose = function () {};
ws.onopen = function () {};

Web Worker

new Worker("worker.js");

- Don’t have access to DOM or page.
- Have to communicate through postMessage API

Web GL

3D O3D
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uofWfXOzX-g

Questions?

Marc Grabanski:
http://marcgrabanski.com

User interface and web application
development.
Examples: http://mjgin.com/work.html

Twitter: http://twitter.com/1Marc
Email: m@marcgrabanski.com

HTML5 Essentials

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Similar to HTML5 Essentials

Similar to HTML5 Essentials (20)

More from Marc Grabanski

More from Marc Grabanski (8)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

HTML5 Essentials