1. A SEMINAR ON
E-CALL
BY
SHAIK NOWZIA
094M1A0460
VEMU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
P.KOTHA KOTA
2. INTRODUCTION
Road traffic crashes are one of the world’s largest
public health and injury prevention problems.
Four factors contribute to the vast majority of
collisions. They are:
Equipment Failure
Roadway Design
Poor Roadway Maintenance
Driver Behavior
3. WHY E-CALL??
•Only 30% of death occurs with minutes of accident.
•And remaining 70% of deaths occurs within 2 hours
, due to late of emergency services.
•So our primary concern is to reduce this accident
response time.
4. E-CALL???
An emergency call.
It actually reduces the accident response time during
lethal accidents.
It calls the emergency services either manually or
automatically within minutes of accident.
5. PRINCIPLE
When an accident occurs the e-Call device automatically
calls the nearest PSAP(public service access point) in the
form of MSD (minimum set of data )
This PSAP sends the data to the rescue service
Thus we can send the ambulance to the location to save the
victim
6. ELEMENTS IN E-CALL
PSAP (public service access
point)
MSD (minimum set of data)
Emergency call number E112
7. HARDWARES USED IN E-CALL
•Tri-axial accelerometer
•Air bag sensors
•GPS receiver
•CMOS camera
•Flash memory
•Cellular phone
•Power supply
•Onboard
communications
8. E-CALL WORKS AS…..
•It sends an MSD to the PSAP ,this information includes….
Time of incident
Exact location including direction of driving
Vehicle identification
ECall qualifier giving the severity of the incident (currently
automatic/manual)
Verification possibility via voice link
No false alarms (double check mechanism when triggered
manually)
Safe automatic call also when driver is unconscious
Link to private service provider for additional optional services
possible
9. STANDARDISATION
•Use GSM Network to communicate between the vehicle in the
incident and the PSAP
•In Europe , the emergency call number E112 used
•Two main issues for the standardization
•The transport protocol by which the Minimum Set of Data
(MSD) will be sent.
•The content and the format of the MSD, It could amount to 140
bytes including info like time stamp, vehicle number and
location.
•European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is
incharge in setting the standards for the architecture.
10. TYPES OF CALLING PSAP
1. Voice call as an Alarm Medium: The advantage of an accident
message via voice call is that it’s not necessary to have a
SIM-Card installed for emergency call to the emergency
number.
initiates a voice call to emergency number and advises the
coordinates of the accident using a voice processor.
A web database with connection to a map server would enable
the emergency centre clarify the identity of the owner as well as
the cars position.
2. SMS as an Alarm Medium: For transmitting a SMS-Message it’s
necessary to have SIM-Card installed.
The advantage of SMS is that you need less GSM reception
than for a voice call.
It is rather ensured, that the alarm can be sent, in
consideration of damaging of the vehicle caused by an accident.
11. The reliability of voice call is 97% while it is 98% for
SMS mode.
They are almost equal in reliability as per the studies so
we can go for any one of these two.
12. STEPS INVOLVED IN DETECTION OF
ACCIDENT
1. Pre-certification
By making this mandatory for all vehicles and certifying them
with specific codes it will be much easier to detect the identity of
affected persons and in informing the news to their family
members.
It is applicable if the following terminal interface
specifications are made mandatory
i. Antennas, external sensors, vehicle bus
ii. Vehicle installation matrix
13. Contd……
2. Application Tests:
i. Manual initialization of the e-Call function doesn’t
depend on any sensors but will be invoked by the
persons in vehicle.
ii. Automatic initialization of the e-Call function
happens in relation of occurring of any of the tests
mentioned below
a. Airbag detection
b. Rear impact detection
c. Side impact detection
d. Frontal impact detection
e. Rollover detection
f. Temperature rise (fire) detection
14. Contd……….
3. Environmental tests
Also the automatic initialization of e-call will
happen also in case of detection of any of the
following conditions:
a. High ambient temperature
b. Low ambient temperature
c. Loss of external power source
d. Impact resistance
e. Vibration resistance
f. Temperature and humidity cycling
g. Mobile data services not available
17. ADVANTAGES
• Studies show that the emergency response time could be reduced
by about 50% in rural areas and 40% in urban areas.
• It is estimated that the e-Call system could save up to 2,500 lives
a year
• Reduce the severity of the injuries sustained in 15% of cases.
• Also the GPS tracker in the vehicle helps to find the location of
the car when it is stolen, thus it helps to find about missing
vehicles also.
• The system will also ensure a corresponding reduction in the
number of traffic jams.
