This is only for Study purpose.

1. 06/05/2020

3. Dorion RB. Bitemark Evidence. New York: Marcel Dekker; 2005
PC: google image

4. Tacitus, C. 2004. The Annals/Tacitus; translated, with introduction and notes by A. J. Woodman. Book 12. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing Co.

5. Tacitus, C. 2004. The Annals/Tacitus; translated, with introduction and notes by A. J.
Woodman. Book 12. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing Co.

6. Tacitus, C. 2004. The Annals/Tacitus; translated, with introduction and notes by A. J. Woodman. Book 12. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing Co.

7. Historical Events Timeline
Agrippina the Younger Identifies Lollia Paulina AD 49
Pliny the Elder Publishes Natural History, AD 77 6 AD 77
First Earl of Shrewsbury Identified by His Herald 1453
Charles the Bold Identified by His Page 1477
Colonel Sir Peter Halket(t) 1758
Dr. Joseph Warren Identified by Paul Revere 1776
First British Trial in Which Dentists Were Cited as Expert Witnesses 1814
Caroline Walsh 1831
Homicide at Harvard: Dr. George Parkman and Dr. John Webster 1849
John Wilkes Booth 1865 and 1869
Second Lieutenant Henry M. Harrington 1885
Claudius Beaupied, Victim of the “Killer of the Little Shepherds” 1897
Adolf Hitler 1945
Henrietta Durand-Deacon, Final Victim of the “Acid Bath Murderer” 1949
Exhumation of Lee Harvey Oswald 1981
Czar Nicholas II, the Last Czar of Russia 1991 and 2008
Ramses I 2003
Queen Hatshepsut 2007

8. Hunter WW. The Imperial Gazetteer of India. 2nd ed. London: Trubner and Co.; 1885

9. Keiser-Neilsen S. Person Identification by Means of Teeth. Bristol: John Wright and Sons; 1980.

10. Whittaker DK. Introduction to forensic odontology. Quintessence Int 1994;25:723-30

11. SOCIAL
LEGAL
TRIAD
FORENSIC
Whittaker DK. Introduction to forensic odontology. Quintessence Int 1994;25:723-30

12. Visual
Fingerprints
Anthropology/
RadiologyDNA
Dental

13. Keiser-Nielsen, S. 1980. Person Identification by Means of the Teeth: A Practical Guide. Bristol, U.K.: John Wright and Sons Ltd

14. Keiser-Nielsen, S. 1980. Person Identification by Means of the Teeth: A Practical Guide. Bristol, U.K.: John Wright and Sons Ltd

15. Keiser-Nielsen, S. 1980. Person Identification by Means of the Teeth: A Practical Guide. Bristol, U.K.: John Wright and Sons Ltd

16. Keiser-Nielsen, S. 1980. Person Identification by Means of the Teeth: A Practical Guide. Bristol, U.K.: John Wright and Sons Ltd

17. Keiser-Nielsen, S. 1980. Person Identification by Means of the Teeth: A Practical Guide. Bristol, U.K.: John Wright and Sons Ltd

18. Keiser-Nielsen, S. 1980. Person Identification by Means of the Teeth: A Practical Guide. Bristol, U.K.: John Wright and Sons Ltd

20. Pretty, I. A. and D. Sweet. 2001. A look at forensic dentistry Part 1: The role of teeth in the determination of human identity. Br Dent J 190(7): 359–366.

21. Pretty, I. A. and D. Sweet. 2001. A look at forensic dentistry Part 1: The role of teeth in the determination of human identity. Br Dent J 190(7): 359–366.

22. Pretty, I. A. and D. Sweet. 2001. A look at forensic dentistry Part 1: The role of teeth in the determination of human identity. Br Dent J 190(7): 359–366.

24. Pretty, I. A. and D. Sweet. 2001. A look at forensic dentistry Part 1: The role of teeth in the determination of human identity. Br Dent J 190(7): 359–366.

25. ANTE-MORTEM

28. Pretty, I. A., L. D. Addy. 2002. Dental postmortem profiles—Additional findings of interest to investigators. Sci Justice 42(2): 65–74.

34. Bowers, C. M. and G. L. Bell. 1996. Manual of Forensic Odontology, 3rd edn. Manticore Publishers, Ontario: American Society of Forensic Odontology.

39. Caldas et.al Studied that there is no bilateral symmetry in the
number of primary rugae or in their distribution from the
midline. It has been observed that there are slightly more rugae
in males and on the left side in both genders.
Caldas IM, Magalhães T, Afonso A. Establishing identity using cheiloscopy and palatoscopy. Forensic Sci Int. 2007;165:1-9.

40. The 10 mm wide area in the middle part of lower lip is used as
the best-suited area of the study.
Vahanwala et al. found that Type I ,I’ and II are more common
in females whereas Type III,IV and V in males.
Type I Type I’
Type II Type III
Type IV Type V
Y. Tsuchihashi and K. Suzuki, Studies on the lip print I. Shikwa Gakuho, 68 (1974) 60-61.

42. TEETH DNAAge estimation
Sex determination
Race determination
Socioeconomic status
Oral habits
Personal habits
Occupation
Bite marks
Blood Grouping
IDENTIFICATION
Saliva
Oral mucosa
Bitemarks

43. Bush, M. A. and R. G. Miller. 2011. The crash of Colgan Air flight 3407: Advanced techniques in victim Identification. J Am Dent Assoc 142(12): 1352–1356.

44. Bush, M. A. and R. G. Miller. 2011. The crash of Colgan Air flight 3407: Advanced techniques in victim Identification. J Am Dent Assoc 142(12): 1352–1356.

45. Fragmented enamel under
Stereomicroscope after cremation
remains
Grooves left by Bur under SEM Open Dentinal tubules under SEM

49. NIJ. 2006. Lessons learned from 9/11: Disaster victim identification in mass fatality incidents. NCJ 21478.

51. C
Y
C
-
A
M
P
H
A
N
C
O
V
I
D
-
1
9
E
A
R
T
H
Q
U
A
K
E
W
T
C
A
T
T
A
C
K

52. Dorion, R. B. J., (ed). 2005. Bitemark Evidence. New York: Marcel Dekker

56. Impression making Intalgio surface of Impression Impression on Cast(Type IV)

59. Title Estimation of gender using cheiloscopy and dermatoglyphics.
Aim The aim of this study is to determine the predominant pattern of fingerprint and lip print in males and
females and to correlate it for gender identification.
Authors Tandon A, Srivastava A, Jaiswal R, Patidar M,Khare A
Journal/Year National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery;2017.
Material and
Method
• The study sample comprised 100 individuals (50 males and 50 females) aged between 20 and 50 years;
• Dark-colored lipstick was applied uniformly on the lips.
• The glued portion of cellophane tape was dabbed first in the center and then pressed uniformly over
the corner of lips.
• Cellophane tape was then stuck to a white chart sheet for the purpose of permanent record.
• Lip print patterns were analyzed following the classification of Suzuki and Tsuchihashi.
• The imprint of left thumb was taken on a white chart sheet using a blue ink stamp pad and visualized
using magnifying lens.
• Fingerprints were analyzed by following the classification given by Kücken. Correlation of lip print and
fingerprint was analyzed using Chi-square test.
Result The overall correlation of lip prints with fingerprints in males revealed branched lip pattern associated
with whorl fingerprint and in females as vertical lip print pattern associated with loop fingerprint.
Conclusion The authors concluded that the study between lip print and fingerprint can aid in gender determination.

60. Title Knowledge and awareness of forensic odontology among dentists in India: A systematic review
Aim The aim of this study is to ascertain the knowledge and awareness of forensic odontology among dentists
in India
Authors/Journal/Year Gambhir RS, Singh G, Talwar PS, Gambhir J, Munjal V. J Forensic Dent Sci ;2016
Material and Method • Four out of 129 studies were finally included in the present review after conducting a search of both
electronic and manual scientific databases.
• Potential biases were addressed and the relevant data were extracted by the concerned investigators.
• Prespecified data were extracted from each of the studies including the study design, sample size,
practices regarding forensic odontology among the study subjects, awareness and knowledge of
forensic odontology or dentistry, and other study characteristics.
• Any kind of disagreement regarding article screening and extraction was sorted out by the other
author.
Result Only two studies identified the source of knowledge of the subjects regarding forensic odontology.(i.e.
50% from journals and others from internet and newspapers). Out of 79% of dentists maintaining dental
records only 12% of dentists were maintaining complete dental records in the findings of another study.
Only 4% of dentists reported to have contributed to the identification of victims in a mass disaster and
findings of another study revealed that 40% of dental practitioners did not have the expertise to identify
child abuse.
Conclusion The authors concluded that knowledge and awareness level of subjects was inadequate and there is
considerable variation in the practice of forensic odontology among dentists. It is necessary to expose
dentists to the basic principles and techniques of the subject.