SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 21
Download to read offline
ADVAM
Partnership: The Key To Driving
Unattended EMV in the
Transportation and Parking
Sector
ADVAM
Jose Da Silva (CEO)
Paul Sidwell (Channel Partner Director)
ADVAM - Overview
eCommerce
Solutions
Payment
Solutions
Unattended
Solutions
Parking
Solutions
Headquarters
Australia, Adelaide
Asia
Hong Kong
UK & EU
London, England
ADVAM
Card Present Focus on Unattended EMV
Partnership
“everyone moves at the pace of the slowest
member and impacts not only innovation but
access to the system”
Unique Challenges in the Unattended space
Environmental Technological
SpeedSecurity Integration
User experienceRemote
Communication
Operational
The Unattended Payment Chain - Actors
Cardholder Equipment Unattended
Terminal
PSP
Payment
Service
Provider
Switch AcquirerMerchant
EMV Adoption Rates
471m 85%
APAC
EUROPE
LATAM
942m 78%
878m 98%
AUSTRALIA 45m* 85%*
The Australian Market- How We Pay
30k+
ATM Terminals
825k+
EFTPOS Terminals
50 million
Credit and debit cards.
17 million
Txns per day
17
Australia- The Land of the Car and the Car Park
24%
Growth in distance
travelled
13+ Million
Vehicles
13%
Public transport use
Urban Sprawl
Melbourne 2,500 km2 vs
Greater Paris 2,800 km2
EMV – Case Study – Unattended EMV in Parking
EMV - Case Study
Merchant POS
Equipment
Supplier
Unattended
Terminal
Supplier
Payment
Service
Provider
Switch Acquirer
Brisbane Airport
22 Million
passengers
AUD$71+ million
Car parking revenue
14,000
Parking spaces
AUD$5,000+
Revenue per
car park space
$ $
Unattended Terminal Deployment
The time, effort and cost
required for planning, testing
and communication of change
should not be underestimated
Accuracy and timeliness of
information is critical to
ensure EMV functionality is
implemented with minimal
impact to the customer
Success Factors
• Planning
• Teamwork
• Clarity
• Testing
• Communication
Success Factors
• Clear and timely
communication
• Accurate information
• Correctly set customer
expectations
EMV- Case Study
MasterCard in partnership with ADVAM certified one of the
first EMV terminals in Australia. Regular project calls
ensured close collaboration and information sharing
ADVAM and CBA have taken a proactive stance in regards
to EMV…through thought leadership and education we
have aided merchants to become aware and informed
EMV- Case Study
Success Factors
• Merchant participation
• Support and advice from Schemes
• Sustainable business model for each party
Thank You
References
Slide 5- Finding new ways to pay, by Andrew Cornell, The Australian Financial Review, p56, 15th October 2010.
Slide 7- EMVCo, Worldwide EMV Card and Terminal Deployment, http://www.emvco.com/about_emvco.aspx?id=202, viewed 20/10/2014
Slide 11- Australian Payments Clearing Association, Cards, http://apca.com.au/about-payments/payments-today/cards, viewed 20/10/2014
Slide 12- “Decline in cash payments” The Changing Way We Pay: Trends in Consumer Payments, Ossolinski, Lam, Emery,
Reserve Bank of Australia, June 2014, pg6
Slide 12- “Increase in card payments” The Changing Way We Pay: Trends in Consumer Payments, Ossolinski, Lam, Emery,
Reserve Bank of Australia, June 2014, pg6
Slide 12- “Increase in card payments primarily by people under 40 ” The Changing Way We Pay: Trends in Consumer Payments, Ossolinski, Lam, Emery,
Reserve Bank of Australia, June 2014, pg17
Slide 12- “Speed is an important factor in choosing contactless payment” The Changing Way We Pay: Trends in Consumer Payments, Ossolinski, Lam, Emery,
Reserve Bank of Australia, June 2014, pg20
Slide 13- “Passenger vehicles in Australia”, ABS, 9309.0 - Motor Vehicle Census, Australia, 31 Jan 2014, http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/9309.0
viewed 20/10/2014
Slide 13- “Growth in km Australians will drive” Estimating urban traffic and congestion cost trends for Australian cities Working Paper No 71, Bureau of
Transport and Regional Economics, 2007 pg 84
Slide 13- “% of Adults who used public transport” ,ABS, Australian Social Trends, 2008,
http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/subscriber.nsf/0/4028BBADB558AFFCCA25748E0012AEEF/$File/41020_2008_23.pdf pg 3
Slide 17- Airport monitoring report 2012-13, ACCC, April 2014,
https://www.accc.gov.au/publications/airport-monitoring-reports/airport-monitoring-report-2012-13, viewed 20/10/2014

More Related Content

What's hot

Telecommunications Cost Auditing
Telecommunications Cost AuditingTelecommunications Cost Auditing
Telecommunications Cost Auditing
Wayne Farnell
 
Driving australian law in orientation slideshare
Driving australian law in orientation slideshareDriving australian law in orientation slideshare
Driving australian law in orientation slideshare
australianlawinorientation
 
Welcome letter from phil gilbert with list of bpm customer speakers
Welcome letter from phil gilbert with list of bpm customer speakersWelcome letter from phil gilbert with list of bpm customer speakers
Welcome letter from phil gilbert with list of bpm customer speakers
Mauricio Godoy
 
Energy Costing Auditing
Energy Costing AuditingEnergy Costing Auditing
Energy Costing Auditing
Wayne Farnell
 
How to stop slaughter on the roads?
How to stop slaughter on the roads?How to stop slaughter on the roads?
How to stop slaughter on the roads?
SabinaGD
 
Enforcement - Rotherham Council
Enforcement - Rotherham CouncilEnforcement - Rotherham Council
Enforcement - Rotherham Council
blue-badge
 

What's hot (19)

Public Private Partnerships - Graham Smith - HSBC - Transforming Transportati...
Public Private Partnerships - Graham Smith - HSBC - Transforming Transportati...Public Private Partnerships - Graham Smith - HSBC - Transforming Transportati...
Public Private Partnerships - Graham Smith - HSBC - Transforming Transportati...
 
The mobility budget
The mobility budgetThe mobility budget
The mobility budget
 
Telecommunications cost auditing
Telecommunications cost auditingTelecommunications cost auditing
Telecommunications cost auditing
 
Telecommunications Cost Auditing
Telecommunications Cost AuditingTelecommunications Cost Auditing
Telecommunications Cost Auditing
 
Blockchain financial group
Blockchain financial groupBlockchain financial group
Blockchain financial group
 
New Car Technology
New Car TechnologyNew Car Technology
New Car Technology
 
Driving australian law in orientation slideshare
Driving australian law in orientation slideshareDriving australian law in orientation slideshare
Driving australian law in orientation slideshare
 
Mobileye Effectiveness Data
Mobileye  Effectiveness  DataMobileye  Effectiveness  Data
Mobileye Effectiveness Data
 
City of Salina Brochure - Stop Signs
City of Salina Brochure - Stop SignsCity of Salina Brochure - Stop Signs
City of Salina Brochure - Stop Signs
 
Welcome letter from phil gilbert with list of bpm customer speakers
Welcome letter from phil gilbert with list of bpm customer speakersWelcome letter from phil gilbert with list of bpm customer speakers
Welcome letter from phil gilbert with list of bpm customer speakers
 
Energy Costing Auditing
Energy Costing AuditingEnergy Costing Auditing
Energy Costing Auditing
 
AQuotient Briefing
AQuotient BriefingAQuotient Briefing
AQuotient Briefing
 
How to stop slaughter on the roads?
How to stop slaughter on the roads?How to stop slaughter on the roads?
How to stop slaughter on the roads?
 
Final hh - 15.11.16 - toledo icw vr release
Final   hh - 15.11.16 - toledo icw vr releaseFinal   hh - 15.11.16 - toledo icw vr release
Final hh - 15.11.16 - toledo icw vr release
 
Final hh - 15.11.9 - dayton icw vr release
Final   hh - 15.11.9 - dayton icw vr releaseFinal   hh - 15.11.9 - dayton icw vr release
Final hh - 15.11.9 - dayton icw vr release
 
Enforcement - Rotherham Council
Enforcement - Rotherham CouncilEnforcement - Rotherham Council
Enforcement - Rotherham Council
 
Final hh - 15.11.13 - cleveland icw vr release
Final   hh - 15.11.13 - cleveland icw vr releaseFinal   hh - 15.11.13 - cleveland icw vr release
Final hh - 15.11.13 - cleveland icw vr release
 
Globe/GXI: Update on GCash
Globe/GXI: Update on GCashGlobe/GXI: Update on GCash
Globe/GXI: Update on GCash
 
Rogue Taxi Cab Drivers
Rogue Taxi Cab DriversRogue Taxi Cab Drivers
Rogue Taxi Cab Drivers
 

Similar to ADVAM: Partnership: The Key To Driving Unattended EMV in the Transportation and Parking Sector

CARTES2015 - Could Transport Ignite Emoney
CARTES2015 - Could Transport Ignite EmoneyCARTES2015 - Could Transport Ignite Emoney
CARTES2015 - Could Transport Ignite Emoney
Christian Senly
 
Apsca Forum Presentation, Seoul 11 Oct 2010
Apsca Forum Presentation, Seoul 11 Oct 2010Apsca Forum Presentation, Seoul 11 Oct 2010
Apsca Forum Presentation, Seoul 11 Oct 2010
mikiszikszai
 
Indonesia ina002 1366684227
Indonesia ina002 1366684227Indonesia ina002 1366684227
Indonesia ina002 1366684227
Nurul Yakin
 
How to set up the EV ecosystem in 24 months - Green eMotion stakeholder meeti...
How to set up the EV ecosystem in 24 months - Green eMotion stakeholder meeti...How to set up the EV ecosystem in 24 months - Green eMotion stakeholder meeti...
How to set up the EV ecosystem in 24 months - Green eMotion stakeholder meeti...
Jarmo Tuisk
 
Sanjoy Sen - World Cards & Payments Summit - Key Note Opening Speaker - Feb 2...
Sanjoy Sen - World Cards & Payments Summit - Key Note Opening Speaker - Feb 2...Sanjoy Sen - World Cards & Payments Summit - Key Note Opening Speaker - Feb 2...
Sanjoy Sen - World Cards & Payments Summit - Key Note Opening Speaker - Feb 2...
Sanjoy Sen
 
Indonesia ina002 1366687034
Indonesia ina002 1366687034Indonesia ina002 1366687034
Indonesia ina002 1366687034
Nurul Yakin
 
Mobile+Financial+Brochure.compressed
Mobile+Financial+Brochure.compressedMobile+Financial+Brochure.compressed
Mobile+Financial+Brochure.compressed
Drushen Naidoo
 

Similar to ADVAM: Partnership: The Key To Driving Unattended EMV in the Transportation and Parking Sector (20)

Bankers’ challenges in electronic banking, management
Bankers’ challenges in electronic banking, managementBankers’ challenges in electronic banking, management
Bankers’ challenges in electronic banking, management
 
CARTES2015 - Could Transport Ignite Emoney
CARTES2015 - Could Transport Ignite EmoneyCARTES2015 - Could Transport Ignite Emoney
CARTES2015 - Could Transport Ignite Emoney
 
electronic payment system
electronic payment system electronic payment system
electronic payment system
 
APSCA: Managing Fraud, Authentication Transactions - mPOS
APSCA: Managing Fraud, Authentication Transactions - mPOSAPSCA: Managing Fraud, Authentication Transactions - mPOS
APSCA: Managing Fraud, Authentication Transactions - mPOS
 
Digital financial services: essentials
Digital financial services: essentialsDigital financial services: essentials
Digital financial services: essentials
 
Apsca Forum Presentation, Seoul 11 Oct 2010
Apsca Forum Presentation, Seoul 11 Oct 2010Apsca Forum Presentation, Seoul 11 Oct 2010
Apsca Forum Presentation, Seoul 11 Oct 2010
 
7 Ways to Make EMV Easier / Webinar
7 Ways to Make EMV Easier / Webinar7 Ways to Make EMV Easier / Webinar
7 Ways to Make EMV Easier / Webinar
 
Technology Changing The Face Of Microfinance
Technology Changing The Face Of MicrofinanceTechnology Changing The Face Of Microfinance
Technology Changing The Face Of Microfinance
 
An overview of payments by Partech
An overview of payments by PartechAn overview of payments by Partech
An overview of payments by Partech
 
NOW! Intelligent Mobility Cloud October 2014
NOW! Intelligent Mobility Cloud October 2014NOW! Intelligent Mobility Cloud October 2014
NOW! Intelligent Mobility Cloud October 2014
 
Indonesia ina002 1366684227
Indonesia ina002 1366684227Indonesia ina002 1366684227
Indonesia ina002 1366684227
 
How to set up the EV ecosystem in 24 months - Green eMotion stakeholder meeti...
How to set up the EV ecosystem in 24 months - Green eMotion stakeholder meeti...How to set up the EV ecosystem in 24 months - Green eMotion stakeholder meeti...
How to set up the EV ecosystem in 24 months - Green eMotion stakeholder meeti...
 
Sanjoy Sen - World Cards & Payments Summit - Key Note Opening Speaker - Feb 2...
Sanjoy Sen - World Cards & Payments Summit - Key Note Opening Speaker - Feb 2...Sanjoy Sen - World Cards & Payments Summit - Key Note Opening Speaker - Feb 2...
Sanjoy Sen - World Cards & Payments Summit - Key Note Opening Speaker - Feb 2...
 
IDCEE 2014: The Future Of International Payments: Next 5 Years - Michael Kent...
IDCEE 2014: The Future Of International Payments: Next 5 Years - Michael Kent...IDCEE 2014: The Future Of International Payments: Next 5 Years - Michael Kent...
IDCEE 2014: The Future Of International Payments: Next 5 Years - Michael Kent...
 
Indonesia ina002 1366687034
Indonesia ina002 1366687034Indonesia ina002 1366687034
Indonesia ina002 1366687034
 
Mobile Payments in the US
Mobile Payments in the USMobile Payments in the US
Mobile Payments in the US
 
Mobile+Financial+Brochure.compressed
Mobile+Financial+Brochure.compressedMobile+Financial+Brochure.compressed
Mobile+Financial+Brochure.compressed
 
Mobile payments, e-money and mobile credit in Japan
Mobile payments, e-money and mobile credit in JapanMobile payments, e-money and mobile credit in Japan
Mobile payments, e-money and mobile credit in Japan
 
CPNI Mobey Forum Mobile Payment Trusted Service Provider Sept 23 2008
CPNI Mobey Forum Mobile Payment Trusted Service Provider Sept 23 2008CPNI Mobey Forum Mobile Payment Trusted Service Provider Sept 23 2008
CPNI Mobey Forum Mobile Payment Trusted Service Provider Sept 23 2008
 
World Payments Report 2014 Key Findings Presentation
World Payments Report 2014 Key Findings PresentationWorld Payments Report 2014 Key Findings Presentation
World Payments Report 2014 Key Findings Presentation
 

Recently uploaded

Easier, Faster, and More Powerful – Alles Neu macht der Mai -Wir durchleuchte...
Easier, Faster, and More Powerful – Alles Neu macht der Mai -Wir durchleuchte...Easier, Faster, and More Powerful – Alles Neu macht der Mai -Wir durchleuchte...
Easier, Faster, and More Powerful – Alles Neu macht der Mai -Wir durchleuchte...
panagenda
 
Hyatt driving innovation and exceptional customer experiences with FIDO passw...
Hyatt driving innovation and exceptional customer experiences with FIDO passw...Hyatt driving innovation and exceptional customer experiences with FIDO passw...
Hyatt driving innovation and exceptional customer experiences with FIDO passw...
FIDO Alliance
 
Harnessing Passkeys in the Battle Against AI-Powered Cyber Threats.pptx
Harnessing Passkeys in the Battle Against AI-Powered Cyber Threats.pptxHarnessing Passkeys in the Battle Against AI-Powered Cyber Threats.pptx
Harnessing Passkeys in the Battle Against AI-Powered Cyber Threats.pptx
FIDO Alliance
 
Structuring Teams and Portfolios for Success
Structuring Teams and Portfolios for SuccessStructuring Teams and Portfolios for Success
Structuring Teams and Portfolios for Success
UXDXConf
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Secure Zero Touch enabled Edge compute with Dell NativeEdge via FDO _ Brad at...
Secure Zero Touch enabled Edge compute with Dell NativeEdge via FDO _ Brad at...Secure Zero Touch enabled Edge compute with Dell NativeEdge via FDO _ Brad at...
Secure Zero Touch enabled Edge compute with Dell NativeEdge via FDO _ Brad at...
 
Easier, Faster, and More Powerful – Alles Neu macht der Mai -Wir durchleuchte...
Easier, Faster, and More Powerful – Alles Neu macht der Mai -Wir durchleuchte...Easier, Faster, and More Powerful – Alles Neu macht der Mai -Wir durchleuchte...
Easier, Faster, and More Powerful – Alles Neu macht der Mai -Wir durchleuchte...
 
Hyatt driving innovation and exceptional customer experiences with FIDO passw...
Hyatt driving innovation and exceptional customer experiences with FIDO passw...Hyatt driving innovation and exceptional customer experiences with FIDO passw...
Hyatt driving innovation and exceptional customer experiences with FIDO passw...
 
Google I/O Extended 2024 Warsaw
Google I/O Extended 2024 WarsawGoogle I/O Extended 2024 Warsaw
Google I/O Extended 2024 Warsaw
 
State of the Smart Building Startup Landscape 2024!
State of the Smart Building Startup Landscape 2024!State of the Smart Building Startup Landscape 2024!
State of the Smart Building Startup Landscape 2024!
 
Overview of Hyperledger Foundation
Overview of Hyperledger FoundationOverview of Hyperledger Foundation
Overview of Hyperledger Foundation
 
Design Guidelines for Passkeys 2024.pptx
Design Guidelines for Passkeys 2024.pptxDesign Guidelines for Passkeys 2024.pptx
Design Guidelines for Passkeys 2024.pptx
 
Human Expert Website Manual WCAG 2.0 2.1 2.2 Audit - Digital Accessibility Au...
Human Expert Website Manual WCAG 2.0 2.1 2.2 Audit - Digital Accessibility Au...Human Expert Website Manual WCAG 2.0 2.1 2.2 Audit - Digital Accessibility Au...
Human Expert Website Manual WCAG 2.0 2.1 2.2 Audit - Digital Accessibility Au...
 
Harnessing Passkeys in the Battle Against AI-Powered Cyber Threats.pptx
Harnessing Passkeys in the Battle Against AI-Powered Cyber Threats.pptxHarnessing Passkeys in the Battle Against AI-Powered Cyber Threats.pptx
Harnessing Passkeys in the Battle Against AI-Powered Cyber Threats.pptx
 
Using IESVE for Room Loads Analysis - UK & Ireland
Using IESVE for Room Loads Analysis - UK & IrelandUsing IESVE for Room Loads Analysis - UK & Ireland
Using IESVE for Room Loads Analysis - UK & Ireland
 
Portal Kombat : extension du réseau de propagande russe
Portal Kombat : extension du réseau de propagande russePortal Kombat : extension du réseau de propagande russe
Portal Kombat : extension du réseau de propagande russe
 
Structuring Teams and Portfolios for Success
Structuring Teams and Portfolios for SuccessStructuring Teams and Portfolios for Success
Structuring Teams and Portfolios for Success
 
WebRTC and SIP not just audio and video @ OpenSIPS 2024
WebRTC and SIP not just audio and video @ OpenSIPS 2024WebRTC and SIP not just audio and video @ OpenSIPS 2024
WebRTC and SIP not just audio and video @ OpenSIPS 2024
 
AI mind or machine power point presentation
AI mind or machine power point presentationAI mind or machine power point presentation
AI mind or machine power point presentation
 
Event-Driven Architecture Masterclass: Integrating Distributed Data Stores Ac...
Event-Driven Architecture Masterclass: Integrating Distributed Data Stores Ac...Event-Driven Architecture Masterclass: Integrating Distributed Data Stores Ac...
Event-Driven Architecture Masterclass: Integrating Distributed Data Stores Ac...
 
The Value of Certifying Products for FDO _ Paul at FIDO Alliance.pdf
The Value of Certifying Products for FDO _ Paul at FIDO Alliance.pdfThe Value of Certifying Products for FDO _ Paul at FIDO Alliance.pdf
The Value of Certifying Products for FDO _ Paul at FIDO Alliance.pdf
 
WebAssembly is Key to Better LLM Performance
WebAssembly is Key to Better LLM PerformanceWebAssembly is Key to Better LLM Performance
WebAssembly is Key to Better LLM Performance
 
Intro to Passkeys and the State of Passwordless.pptx
Intro to Passkeys and the State of Passwordless.pptxIntro to Passkeys and the State of Passwordless.pptx
Intro to Passkeys and the State of Passwordless.pptx
 
ERP Contender Series: Acumatica vs. Sage Intacct
ERP Contender Series: Acumatica vs. Sage IntacctERP Contender Series: Acumatica vs. Sage Intacct
ERP Contender Series: Acumatica vs. Sage Intacct
 
Where to Learn More About FDO _ Richard at FIDO Alliance.pdf
Where to Learn More About FDO _ Richard at FIDO Alliance.pdfWhere to Learn More About FDO _ Richard at FIDO Alliance.pdf
Where to Learn More About FDO _ Richard at FIDO Alliance.pdf
 

ADVAM: Partnership: The Key To Driving Unattended EMV in the Transportation and Parking Sector

  • 1. ADVAM Partnership: The Key To Driving Unattended EMV in the Transportation and Parking Sector ADVAM Jose Da Silva (CEO) Paul Sidwell (Channel Partner Director)
  • 4. Card Present Focus on Unattended EMV
  • 5. Partnership “everyone moves at the pace of the slowest member and impacts not only innovation but access to the system”
  • 6. Unique Challenges in the Unattended space Environmental Technological SpeedSecurity Integration User experienceRemote Communication Operational
  • 7. The Unattended Payment Chain - Actors Cardholder Equipment Unattended Terminal PSP Payment Service Provider Switch AcquirerMerchant
  • 8. EMV Adoption Rates 471m 85% APAC EUROPE LATAM 942m 78% 878m 98% AUSTRALIA 45m* 85%*
  • 9. The Australian Market- How We Pay 30k+ ATM Terminals 825k+ EFTPOS Terminals 50 million Credit and debit cards. 17 million Txns per day 17
  • 10. Australia- The Land of the Car and the Car Park 24% Growth in distance travelled 13+ Million Vehicles 13% Public transport use Urban Sprawl Melbourne 2,500 km2 vs Greater Paris 2,800 km2
  • 11. EMV – Case Study – Unattended EMV in Parking
  • 12. EMV - Case Study Merchant POS Equipment Supplier Unattended Terminal Supplier Payment Service Provider Switch Acquirer
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. Brisbane Airport 22 Million passengers AUD$71+ million Car parking revenue 14,000 Parking spaces AUD$5,000+ Revenue per car park space $ $
  • 16.
  • 18. The time, effort and cost required for planning, testing and communication of change should not be underestimated Accuracy and timeliness of information is critical to ensure EMV functionality is implemented with minimal impact to the customer Success Factors • Planning • Teamwork • Clarity • Testing • Communication Success Factors • Clear and timely communication • Accurate information • Correctly set customer expectations EMV- Case Study
  • 19. MasterCard in partnership with ADVAM certified one of the first EMV terminals in Australia. Regular project calls ensured close collaboration and information sharing ADVAM and CBA have taken a proactive stance in regards to EMV…through thought leadership and education we have aided merchants to become aware and informed EMV- Case Study Success Factors • Merchant participation • Support and advice from Schemes • Sustainable business model for each party
  • 21. References Slide 5- Finding new ways to pay, by Andrew Cornell, The Australian Financial Review, p56, 15th October 2010. Slide 7- EMVCo, Worldwide EMV Card and Terminal Deployment, http://www.emvco.com/about_emvco.aspx?id=202, viewed 20/10/2014 Slide 11- Australian Payments Clearing Association, Cards, http://apca.com.au/about-payments/payments-today/cards, viewed 20/10/2014 Slide 12- “Decline in cash payments” The Changing Way We Pay: Trends in Consumer Payments, Ossolinski, Lam, Emery, Reserve Bank of Australia, June 2014, pg6 Slide 12- “Increase in card payments” The Changing Way We Pay: Trends in Consumer Payments, Ossolinski, Lam, Emery, Reserve Bank of Australia, June 2014, pg6 Slide 12- “Increase in card payments primarily by people under 40 ” The Changing Way We Pay: Trends in Consumer Payments, Ossolinski, Lam, Emery, Reserve Bank of Australia, June 2014, pg17 Slide 12- “Speed is an important factor in choosing contactless payment” The Changing Way We Pay: Trends in Consumer Payments, Ossolinski, Lam, Emery, Reserve Bank of Australia, June 2014, pg20 Slide 13- “Passenger vehicles in Australia”, ABS, 9309.0 - Motor Vehicle Census, Australia, 31 Jan 2014, http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/9309.0 viewed 20/10/2014 Slide 13- “Growth in km Australians will drive” Estimating urban traffic and congestion cost trends for Australian cities Working Paper No 71, Bureau of Transport and Regional Economics, 2007 pg 84 Slide 13- “% of Adults who used public transport” ,ABS, Australian Social Trends, 2008, http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/subscriber.nsf/0/4028BBADB558AFFCCA25748E0012AEEF/$File/41020_2008_23.pdf pg 3 Slide 17- Airport monitoring report 2012-13, ACCC, April 2014, https://www.accc.gov.au/publications/airport-monitoring-reports/airport-monitoring-report-2012-13, viewed 20/10/2014