The document discusses the permanent mandibular first molar. It begins by stating that the molar's function is to grind food like other molars. It notes that no teeth precede the permanent mandibular molars. The document then describes the general characteristics of the permanent mandibular first molar, including its arch position, size, shape, and chronology of development. It proceeds to describe the molar's morphology from the buccal, lingual, mesial, distal, and occlusal aspects. Finally, it briefly discusses the molar's clinical considerations and compares it to the maxillary first molar.

2. Permanent Mandibular
Molars
By

3. Why we have
molars????

4. The function of this molar is
similar to that of all molars in
regard to grinding being the
principle action during
mastication, commonly known
as chewing.
Function

5. What are the teeth precede
the mandibular molars?
It is important to note
that the permanent
mandibular molars are not
considered to have any
teeth that precede it.

6. Permanent
Mandibular
First Molar

7. What is
Mandibular
1st. Molar??

8. General characters of the Permanent
Mandibular first Molar:
1. Arch position:

9. General characters of the Permanent
Mandibular first Molar:
2. General form and function:
It is the largest and strongest tooth in the
lower arch. It normally exhibits five
functional cusps, and two well developed
roots. The crown is the greatest mesiodistal
dimension than that of any tooth in the
mouth. From the occlusal, the general
outline is pentagonal. In mastication, it
functions with the other molars in grinding.

10. General characters of the Permanent
Mandibular first Molar:
3. Chronology:
• Appearance of dental organ:
•1st. Evidence of calcification:
• Crown completed:
• Eruption:
• Root completion:
4 m.i.u.l.
At birth
2½ - 3 years.
6 - 7 years.
9 - 10 years.

11. Morphology
Buccal Aspect:( Facial Aspect )
I ) Crown:
1. Geometric outline.
2. Surface outlines:
- Mesial outline: ( including contact area )
- Distal outline: ( including contact area )
- Cervical outline.
- Occlusal outline.
3. Surface describtion:
II) Root:
1. Root trunck.
2. Mesial root (mesial & distal outlines, apex)
3. Distal root: (mesial & distal outlines, apex)
⅓
⅓
⅓
½
½

12. Buccal aspect

13. Morphology
Lingual Aspect:
I ) Crown:
1. Geometric outline:
2. Surface outlines:
- Mesial outline: ( including contact area )
- Distal outline: ( including contact area )
- Cervical outline:
- Occlusal outline:
3. Surface describtion:
II) Root:
1. Root trunck.
2. Mesial root (mesial & distal outlines, apex)
3. Distal root: (mesial & distal outlines, apex)

14. Lingual aspect

15. Morphology
Mesial Aspect:( Proximal Aspect )
I ) Crown:
1. Geometric outline:
2. Surface outlines:
- Buccal outline: ( including crest of curvature )
- Lingual outline: ( including crest of curvature )
- Cervical outline:
- Occlusal outline.
3. Surface describtion.
II) Root:
1. Buccal outline.
2. Lingual outline.
3. Apex.
4. Surface describtion.
⅓
⅓
⅓

16. Mesial aspect

17. Morphology
Distal Aspect:( Proximal Aspect )
I ) Crown:
1. Geometric outline:
2. Surface outlines:
- Buccal outline ( including crest of curvature )
- Lingual outline ( including crest of curvature )
- Cervical outline.
- Occlusal outline.
3. Surface describtion.
II) Root:
1. Buccal outline.
2. Lingual outline.
3. Apex.
4. Surface describtion.

18. Distal aspect

19. Morphology
Occlusal Aspect:
1. geometric outline:
2. dimensions.
3. surface outlines:
- Buccal outline.
- Lingual outline.
- Mesial outline.
- Distal outline
4. surface describtion:
- cusps.
- grooves.
- fossae.
1
2 2
3
4

20. Occlusal aspect

21. Clinical consideration

23. Occlusion maintenance

25. MAXILLARY FIRST MOLAR
It is the largest tooth in the maxillary arch.
Principal identifying features
1- Rhomboidal occlusal outline.
2- BL measurement>MD
3- Four cusps and the cusp of carabelli (non functional cusp), on the
lingual surface of the mesiolingual cusp.
4- There is an oblique ridge between the mesiolingual and
distobuccal cusps.
5- Three well separated and well developed roots. The lingual root is
the longest.
6-Mesial surface.