20. Ceftriaxone
Prescribed for Prophylaxis of Hospital
Acquired Infections
Dose is Accurate (1- 4gm daily A/C
severity)
Frequency is appropriate (BD)
Route is appropriate (IV)
No Interaction with other Prescribed
Drugs
21. Artemether/Lumefantrine
Prescribed for Treatment of Malaria
Dose is Accurate (80/480mg)
Frequency is appropriate
Route is appropriate (Oral)
No Interaction with other Prescribed
Drugs
22. Omeprazole
Prescribed for Prophylaxis of Bed
ridden ulcer
Dose is Accurate (40mg)
Frequency is appropriate (OD)
Route is appropriate (IV)
No Interaction with other Prescribed
Drugs
23. Metoclopramide
Prescribed for Treating vomiting
Dose is Accurate (10mg)
Frequency is appropriate (q8h)
Route is appropriate (IV)
Increases Rate of Absorption of
Acetaminophen
24. Acetaminophen
Prescribed for Treating Fever, Pain etc
Dose is Accurate (1gm)
Frequency is appropriate (q4 – 6hrs)
Route is appropriate (IV)
Rate of Absorption is increased by
Metoclopramide
25. Vitamin B Complex
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2):100mg
Thiamine HCl (Vitamin B1):100mg,
Cyanocobalamin:50mcg
Prescribed for treating anemia
Dose is Accurate
Frequency is appropriate
Route is appropriate
No Interaction with other Prescribed
Drugs
27. Malaria
Malaria, one of the most widespread
diseases, caused by Plasmodium
Species
Transmitted by infected individuals
via
◦
◦
◦
◦
Mosquito Bite
Blood transfusion,
Congenitally,
Infected needles by drug abusers
30. Life Cycle of Plasmodium
Two interdependent life cycles
Sexual cycle: occurs in the mosquito
Asexual cycle: occurs in the human
◦ Exo erythrocytic Phase
◦ Erythrocytic Phase
30
34. Quinine
Adult Oral Dose
◦ 600mg q 8 hrs for 5 – 7 days with or followed
by
Doxycycline 200mg OD for 7days
Or
Clindamycin 450mg q 8 hrs for 7days
Or if parasite is likely to be resistant
Pyrimethamine 75mg / sulfadoxine 1.5g as a single
dose
35. Quinine
Pediatric Dose – Oral
◦ 10mg/kg (Max 600mg) q 8 hrs for 7 days with or
followed by
Clindamycin 7 – 13 mg/kg (Max 450mg) q 8 hrs for 7days
Or
Over 12 years Doxycycline 200mg OD for 7days
Or if parasite is likely to be resistant use pyrimethamine &
sulfadoxine combination
Age
Dose
< 4 years
Pyrimethamine 12.5mg / sulfadoxine 250mg
5–6
Pyrimethamine 25mg / sulfadoxine 500mg
7–9
Pyrimethamine 37.5mg / sulfadoxine 750mg
10 - 14
Pyrimethamine 50mg / sulfadoxine 1g
36. Quinine
Adult Parenteral Dose
◦ Loading Dose 20mg/kg (Max 1.4gm)
infused IV for 4 hours every 8 hours
◦ Maintenance Dose 10mg/kg (max 700mg)
infused IV for 4 hours every 8 hours
Pedriatric Dose – Parenteral
◦ Same as Adult adjusted according to
weight
38. Atovaquone / Proguanil
Adult Oral Dose
◦ 4 Standard Tablets Once Daily for 3 days
A standard tablet contains 100 mg of proguanil
hydrochloride and 250 mg of atovaquone
39. Atovaquone / Proguanil
Pediatric Oral Dose
Body Weight
Dose
> 40 kg
Same as Adult Dose
5 – 8 kg
2 Pediatric Tablets OD for 3 days
9 – 10 kg
3 Pediatric Tablets OD for 3 days
11 – 20 kg
1 Standard Tablet OD for 3 days
21 – 30 kg
2 Standard Tablet OD for 3 days
31 – 40 kg
3 Standard Tablet OD for 3 days
A pediatric tablet contains 25 mg of proguanil
hydrochloride and 62.5 mg of atovaquone
40. Artemether / Lumefantrine
Adult Oral Dose
◦ 4 Standard Tablets initially followed by 5
more same doses at
8, 24, 36, 48 & 60 hours
A standard tablet contains 20 mg of Artemether
and 120 mg of Lumefantrine
41. Artemether / Lumefantrine
Pediatric Dose – Oral
Body Weight
Dose
> 35 kg (> 12yrs)
Same as Adult Dose
5 – 15 kg
1 Tablet followed by 5 more doses at 8, 24,
36, 48 & 60 hours
15 – 25 kg
2 Tablet followed by 5 more doses at 8, 24,
36, 48 & 60 hours
25 – 35 kg
3 Tablet followed by 5 more doses at 8, 24,
36, 48 & 60 hours
A standard tablet contains 20 mg of Artemether
and 120 mg of Lumefantrine
42. Pregnanacy
Falciparum Malaria is dangerous in
Pregnancy specially in last trimester
Following are Safe
◦ Quinine
◦ Clindamycin
Following should be avoided
◦ Doxycycline
◦ Atovaquone / Proguanil
◦ Artemether / Lumefantrine
44. Chloroquine
The adult dosage regimen for
chloroquine by mouth is:
initial dose of 620 mg then
a single dose of 310 mg after 6 to 8
hours then
a single dose of 310 mg daily for 2 days
(approximate total cumulative dose of 25
mg/kg)
45. Primaquine
It is used for Radical Cure (Prevent
Relapse) in the case of P. vivax & P.
ovale
P. malariae
◦ Not required
P. vivax
◦ 30 mg daily for 14 days following
chloroquine
P. ovale
◦ 15 mg daily for 14 days following
46. Chloroquine in Pediatrics
The dosage regimen is:
initial dose of 10 mg/kg (max. 620 mg)
then
a single dose of 5 mg/kg (max. 310
mg) after 6–8 hours then
a single dose of 5 mg/kg (max. 310
mg) daily for 2 days
47. Primaquine in Pediatrics
Should not be given to children under
6 months without specialist advice
P. vivax
◦ 500mcg / kg (Max 30 mg) daily for 14
days following chloroquine
P. ovale
◦ 250mcg / kg (Max 15 mg) daily for 14
days following chloroquine
48. Parenteral for Adult &
Pediatrics
IV infusion of Quinine
◦ 10mg / kg (Max 700mg) for 4 hours every
8 hours
49. Pregnancy
Chloroquine is safe
Primaquine should be avoided
instead chloroquine should be
continued at a dose of 310 mg each
week during the pregnancy.