Blood tests

1. HAEMATOLOGICAL TESTS
AMEENA BEGUM
PHARM D
SULTAN UL ULOOM COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, HYD
GUIDED BY –
DR S P SRINIVAS NAYAK
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, SUCP, HYD

2. HAEMATOLOGICAL TESTS
MAJOR PARAMETERS :
 HB CONCENTRATION
 RED CELL COUNT(RCC)
 MEAN CELL VOLUME (MCV)
 MEAN CELL HAEMOGLOBIN (MCH)
 MEAN CORPUSCULAR HAEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION (MCHC)
 HAEMATOCRIT OR PCV
 RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH(RDW)
 WHITE CELL COUNT
 DIFFERENTIAL WHITE CELL COUNT
 PLATELET COUNT

3. INTRODUCTION

4. HAEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION
 HAEMOGLOBIN IS THE IRON CONTAINING PIGMENT PRESENT IN RBCS
 FUNCTION- CARRIES OXYGEN FROM LUNGS TO TISSUES AND RETURNS CARBONDIOXIDE FROM TISSUES
BACK TO THE LUNGS
 MAINLY DEFINES ANAEMIA
 NORMAL VALUE
MALES :14-18 g/dl or g%
FEMALES :12-16 g/dl or g%
MALES HAVE MORE HB , PCV AND RCC THAN FEMALES SINCE ANDROGENS DRIVE RBC PRODUCTION

5. RED CELL COUNT
 IT IS THE MEASURE OF TOTAL NO OF RBCS IN BLOOD
 FUNCTION- CARRIES OXYGEN FROM LUNGS TO TISSUES
 NORMAL VALUES:
MALES :4.5 -5.5×10¹²/ L
FEMALES : 4-5 ×10 ¹²/ L
HIGH RCC LOW RCC
POLYCYTHEMIA HYPOPROLIFERATIVE ANEMIA
THALASSEMIA APLASIA
PARVOVIRUS B19 INFECTION
INDUCED APLASIA

6. MEAN CELL VOLUME (MCV)
 MEASURE OF AVERAGE VOLUME OF RBC
 LOW MCV-MICROCYTIC(SMALL RBC SIZE)
 HIGH MCV-MACROCYTIC (LARGE RBC SIZE)
LOW MCV NORMAL MCV HIGH MCV
IRON DEFICIENCY
ANEMIA
BLOOD LOSS B12 FOLATE
DEFICIENCY
BETA THALASSEMIA ANEMIA OF
CHRONIC DISEASE
MYELODYSPLASIA

7. MEAN CELL HAEMOGLOBIN (MCH)
 MEASUREMENT OF AVERAGE WEIGH T OF HAEMOGLOBIN IN INDIVIDUAL ERYTHROCYTES
 NORMAL RANGE-27 to 33 picograms


8. MEAN CORPUSCULAR HAEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION
 IT IS THE AVERAGE CONCENTRATION OF HAEMOGLOBIN IN ERYTHROCYTES
 NORMAL RANGE : 34 -36 g/dL

9. FORMULAS FOR CALCULATION:

10. HAEMATOCRIT OR PACKED CELL VOLUME
 MEASURING PROPORTION OF RBCS IN WHOLE SAMPLE OF ANTICOAGULATED BLOOD CENTRIFUGED
 Hct =3×Hb

11. RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH

13. WHITE CELL COUNT
MEASUREMENT. OF TOTAL WBC PRESENT IN BLOOD
FUNCTION – FIGHT AGAINST INFECTIOUS AGENTS AND PROTECTION

14. DIFFERENTIAL WBC COUNT

15. PLATELET COUNT