Innovation Stories: Self-Driving Cars
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The document discusses the history and development of self-driving car technology. It provides timelines of major milestones from Da Vinci designing a self-propelled cart in 1500 to Google launching its self-driving car project in 2009. The document also discusses how autonomous vehicles work using sensors like RADAR, LiDAR and computer vision. Finally, it discusses the potential impacts of autonomous vehicles and mobility-as-a-service, including lower transportation costs, increased road safety, and significant economic benefits.
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Innovation Stories: Self-Driving Cars
- 2. 2ark-invest.com How They Work There are several systems that work together to control a self- driving vehicle. Autonomous cars sense their surroundings with technology such as RADAR, LiDAR, GPS, and computer vision. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/cars/features/how-do-driverless-cars-work/ https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/14/technology/how-self-driving-cars-work.html?_r=0
- 3. 3ark-invest.com 1500 Da Vinci designs a self- propelled cart capable of moving without being pushed 1925 Francis P. Houdina develops a radio-operated automobile, named American Wonder 1966 Stanford Research Institute’s Artificial Intelligence Center develops the world’s first mobile robot, SHAKEY https://www.wired.com/brandlab/2016/03/a-brief-history-of-autonomous-vehicle-technology/ https://www.engadget.com/gallery/self-driving-cars/#/
- 4. 4ark-invest.com 1977 Japan’s Tsukuba Mechanical Engineering Lab develops an autonomous car capable of speeds up to 18.6 mph 1986 The Eureka PROMETHEUS Pan-European project is launched by then Daimler-Benz 1987 Ernst Dickmanns creates VaMoRs, a car outfitted with two cameras, eight 16-bit Intel microprocessors https://www.engadget.com/gallery/self-driving-cars/#/ https://www.wired.com/brandlab/2016/03/a-brief-history-of-autonomous-vehicle-technology/
- 5. 5ark-invest.com 1994 As a result of Eureka, Daimler-Benz and Ernst Dickmanns create VaMP and Vita-2, twin robot vehicles. They manage drive 600 miles in standard traffic. 2004 The Department of Defense holds the first ever DARPA Grand Challenge, where the goal is to autonomously navigate a 142-mile course across the Mojave desert. https://www.wired.com/2012/02/autonomous-vehicle-history/
- 6. 6ark-invest.com 2006 Audi introduces the first car with automated braking. 2009 Google launches its self-driving car project, with the goal of building an autonomous vehicle by 2020. http://research.ark-invest.com/self-driving-cars-white-paper https://www.engadget.com/gallery/self-driving-cars/#/
- 7. 7ark-invest.com AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES COULD BE ON THE ROAD AS EARLY AS 2019. The Self-driving Car And Mobility-as-a-service (Maas) Opportunity Has Just Begun. Source: ARK Investment Management LLC
- 8. 8ark-invest.com ARK estimates that autonomous taxis will cost consumers $0.35 cents per mile, or roughly half of the all-in cost car owners pay to drive today. Autonomous Taxis Should Reduce the Cost of Door-to-Door Mobility Radically Source: ARK Investment Management LLC, http://research.ark-invest.com/self-driving-cars-white-paper
- 9. 9ark-invest.com Global Vehicle Miles Traveled Should Increase Autonomous taxi platforms will allow the non-driving population, which includes the blind, elderly, and young teens, affordable and convenient transportation options. Source: ARK Investment Management LLC, http://research.ark-invest.com/self-driving-cars-white-paper
- 10. 10ark-invest.com ARK Believes Global Auto Sales Volumes Will Be Lower Than Anticipated Autonomous cars will likely cause a shift away from personally owned vehicles, which will depress global auto sales volumes in the coming decades. Source: ARK Investment Management LLC, http://research.ark-invest.com/self-driving-cars-white-paper
- 11. 11ark-invest.com Autonomous Taxis Should Boost U.S. GDP By 2035, ARK predicts that autonomous taxis will add more than $2 trillion to U.S. GDP. Source: ARK Investment Management LLC, http://research.ark-invest.com/self-driving-cars-white-paper
- 12. 12ark-invest.com Auto Accident Rates Should Decline By Over 80% ARK expects auto accident rates to decline by over 80% as robots take the wheel from drunk and distracted drivers. Globally, ARK expects 5.5 million deadly accidents will be avoided by 2035. Source: ARK Investment Management LLC, http://research.ark-invest.com/self-driving-cars-white-paper
- 13. 13ark-invest.com The Autonomous Mobility-As-A-Service Market Could Exceed $10 Trillion By The Early 2030s In the United States, ARK expects the MaaS market to reach over $700 billion in sales by 2030, or roughly 30 times the size of the taxi industry today. Source: ARK Investment Management LLC, http://research.ark-invest.com/self-driving-cars-white-paper
- 14. 14ark-invest.com Who Will Win Out? • MaaS Players • Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) • Semiconductor/ Sensor Manufacturers • Software Providers Source: ARK Investment Management LLC, http://research.ark-invest.com/self-driving-cars-white-paper
- 15. 15ark-invest.com MaaS Players MaaS players, like Lyft, Uber, Didi, Grab, and Ola, share a market valued at roughly $109 billion today. Source: ARK Investment Management LLC, http://research.ark-invest.com/self-driving-cars-white-paper
- 16. 16ark-invest.com OEMs such as Tesla, Volkswagen, BMW, and Toyota all have detailed plans for both autonomous vehicles and shared autonomous service. Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) Source: ARK Investment Management LLC, http://research.ark-invest.com/self-driving-cars-white-paper
- 17. 17ark-invest.com Semiconductor/ Sensor Manufacturers Players like Nvidia and Mobileye that manufacture key components for autonomous driving, as well as tier one integrators like Delphi and Autoliv may be well positioned to gain a share of the autonomous hardware market. Source: ARK Investment Management LLC, http://research.ark-invest.com/self-driving-cars-white-paper
- 18. 18ark-invest.com Software Providers Driving data is absolutely necessary to train autonomous systems. While Google has begun collection, Tesla appears to be the leader in autonomous data collection around the world. Source: ARK Investment Management LLC, http://research.ark-invest.com/self-driving-cars-white-paper
- 19. 19ark-invest.com To learn more about self-driving cars and their long-term growth opportunities, download our free white paper: Mobility-As-A-Service: Why Self-Driving Cars Could Change Everything https://ark-invest.com/innovation-white-papers ark-invest.com
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