Symbols of Pakistan: Its National Identity

A presentation by
Ahmad Tariq Bhatti
Lahore

Symbols of Pakistan 6
Choudhary Rahmat Ali gave the name Pakistan to the
newly born state of the Muslims. He devised the word and
first published it in the article written by him as "Now or
Never“ on 28th January 1933. He constructed the name as
an acronym of the different regions constituting the country,
which is described as: P for Punjab, A for Afghania (Now
known as Khyber Pakhtunkhwa), K for Kashmir, S for
Sindh and the suffix -stan from Balochistan, thus forming
"Pakstan". An "i" was inserted later for ease in
pronunciation. The suffix -stan in Persian means, "home
of" and in Sanskrit means, "place". The Persian word pāk,
which means "pure", adds a beautiful shade of meaning, with
the full name thus meaning "land of the pure".
The name was criticized for not including Bangladesh in it.

The flag was adopted on August 11, 1947. The white color represents minorities
whereas green color represents Muslim majority population of the country. In the
centre, the crescent and star which is traditional symbol of Islam, symbolizes
progress and light for the nation respectively.

Minar-e-Pakistan was built at the same place where Qarardad-e-Pakistan was
unanimously approved by All-India Muslim League on 23rd of March 1940. The minar
was opened for public visits on March 23, 1969.

Independence Day (Youm-e-Azadi), observed annually on 14th of
August, is a national holiday in Pakistan, for celebration of the day when
Pakistan came into being and was declared an independent and
sovereign state, following the end of the British Raj in India on August
14, 1947. Pakistan came into existence as a result of the political struggle
by Pakistan Movement, that was aimed for the creation of an
independent and sovereign Muslim state by making the partition of north-
western region of the Indian subcontinent. The movement was led by All-
India Muslim League under the dynamic leadership of Quaid-e-Azam
Muhammad Ali Jinnah. The division of sub-continent was brought forth
by Indian Independence Act 1947 in which the British Indian
Empire was divided into two new states — the Dominion of India (later
Republic of India) and the Dominion of Pakistan (later Islamic
Republic of Pakistan) which included West Pakistan and East
Pakistan (now known as Bangladesh).

Objectives’ Resolution
(commonly known as Qarardad-e-Maqasid)
was unanimously passed on March
23,1940 in the procession of All-India
Muslim League held at Lahore.
This resolution was the formal demand
for the separate homeland for the
Muslims of South-East Asia.

Significant Events of Pakistan
Movement in Chronological Order
# Event Date / Year
1 All-India Muslim League was set up December 30, 1906
2 Khanpur mosque incident 1913
3 Quaid-e-Azam joined All-India Muslim League 1913
4 Lucknow Pact 1916
5 Rowlatt Act 1919
6 Khilafat Movement 1919
7 Jallianwalla Bagh incident 1919
8 Simon Report 1927
9 Nehru Report 1928

Significant Events of Pakistan
Movement in Chronological Order
(continues)
# Event Date / Year
10 Mohammad Ali Jinnah’s 14 points 1929
11 Round Table Conferences 1930-32
12 Pakistan Resolution March 23, 1940
13 Cripps Mission 1942
14 Plan of Independence June 03, 1947
15 Independence of Pakistan August 14, 1947

The national anthem of Pakistan was written by Aboul Asr Hafeez
Jallandhary and the tune was composed by A.P.Chagla. The national
anthem was adopted on August 13, 1954.

Quaid-e-Azam, Founder & Father of the Nation
1876 - 1948

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah is the greatest political leader of the muslims of
Indian sub-continent. He was a successful lawyer, a great statesmen, a brilliant
parliamentarian and a seasoned politician.
He was born on 25th of December 1876 in Karachi. He completed his basic education from
Karachi and went to England for the study of law. He completed his Bar-at-Law in 1896.
Thereafter, he started his legal practice in Bombay. He became a renowned lawyer within a
short period of time. He was an active member of Congress from 1904 till 1913. He joined
All-India Muslim League (AIML) in 1913. He became president of AIML in 1916 for the
first time and held this position till the independence of Pakistan.
He persuaded Congress leaders for accepting separate electorates for the Muslims
(Lucknow Pact ,1916). He contested and won elections in 1915, 1923, 1926 and 1934. He
rejected MDKC Gandhi's Non-cooperation Movement in 1920 and Nehru Report in 1928.
He gave his famous 14 points agenda in 1929 for the resolution of problems of the Muslims.
He attended all Roundtable Table Conferences held during 1930-1932 as a leader from
AIML. He demanded a separate homeland for the Muslims in AIML procession held on 23rd
March 1940 at Lahore. In the next seven years, he struggled politically and obtained a
country for the Muslims. After the creation of Pakistan, he became the first Governor
General of Pakistan. The great leader passed away on September 11, 1948 in Karachi.

1895 - 1951

Poet & Philosopher
1873 - 1938

Mother of the Nation
1893-1967

Liaquat Ali Khan, Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman Zafar Ali Khan
Allama Mohammad Iqbal A.K. Fazlul Huq Shaukat Hayat Khan
Muhammad Zafarullah Khan Sardar Abdur Rab Nishtar Jan Muhammad Junejo
Aga Khan III Jogendra Nath Mandal Abdul Qayyum Khan
Fatima Jinnah Victor Turner Mohsin-ul-Mulk
Bahadur Yar Jung Ra'ana Liaquat Ali Khan Waqar-ul-Mulk
Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy Choudhry Rahmat Ali Shahzada Rehmatullah Khan
Saddozai
Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar Dr. Ziauddin Ahmed Qazi Muhammad Essa
Khawaja Nazimuddin Jalal-ud-din Jalal Baba Chaudhry Naseer Ahmad Malhi
Maulana Mohammad Ali
Jauhar
Sikandar Hayat Khan Maulana Shaukat Ali

Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto
Ex. Prime Minister of Pakistan
Gave Constitution and Atomic Power to the nation
Gave political wisdom and clear vision to the nation

Benazir Bhutto
Ex. Prime Minister of Pakistan
Played role for the continuation of democracy in Pakistan
Worked for the missile technology advancement in the country

Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan
The force behind the nuclear program of Pakistan

Dr. Abdus Salam
A Nobel prize winner from Pakistan in Physics.

Imran Khan
Legendary Cricketer, Philanthropist & Politician
Captain of World Cup Winning Team
President SKMT Hospital
President PTI

Jahangir Khan
Squash Champion & Legend
World Open Winner 6 times, British Open Winner 10 times

Jan Sher Khan
Squash Champion & Legend
World Open Winner 8 times, British Open Winner 6 times

Sharmeen Obaid Chinoy
Oscar Award Winner from Pakistan.

Abdus Star Edhi
A great social worker

Chief Justice
Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry

Maulana Tariq Jameel
A noted religious scholar from Pakistan.

Akram Zaki
Foreign Policy Expert, Ambassador & Parliamentarian

Dr. Israr Ahmad
A noted religious Scholar

Dr. Tahir ul Qadri
A noted religious scholar

Malka-e-Tarannum, Noor Jahan
One of the few singers in sub-continent who
are widely listened.

Moin Akhtar
A noted actor, anchor and comedian.

Mahdi Hassan
The greatest name in Ghazal singing in sub-continent.

Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan
The great singer and musician from Pakistan who created waves in
the world through his singing and music.

Nazia Hassan
The pop music icon from Pakistan.

Ghulam Muhammad
a.k.a Gha’ama Pehelwan
He is one of the few wrestlers in the history of sub-continent who
remained undefeated during their whole life time.

Competition Gold Silver Bronze Total
Olympics 3 3 2 8
World Cup 4 2 0 6
Champions Trophy 3 6 7 16
Asian Games 8 2 3 13
Asia Cup 3 3 1 7
Azlan Shah Hockey Cup 3 6 2 11
Commonwealth Games 0 1 1 2
Asian Hockey
Champions Trophy
1 1 0 2

Tournament Year
Tot
al
Olympics 1960 1968 1984 - - - - - 3
World Cup 1971 1978 1982 1994 - - - - 4
Champions Trophy 1978 1980 1994 - - - - - 3
Asian Games 1958 1692 1970 1974 1978 1982 1990 2010 8
Asia Cup 1982 1985 1989 - - - - - 3
Azlan Shah Hockey Cup 1999 2000 2003 - - - - - 3
Asian Hockey Champions
Trophy
2012 - - - - - - - 1

Islahuddin
Captain of the team who won 1978 World Cup.

Chaudhry Akhtar Rasool
He played a crucial role in Pakistan's victories in 1978 and
1982 Hockey World Cup

Hassan Sardar
The best centre forward Pakistan has ever produced.

Samiullah Khan
He is known as the flying horse in the world of hockey because of his
amazing speed.

Sohail Abbas
He is the highest goal scorer in the history of field hockey, with his current
goal tally at 348, as of 9th of August 2012.

Shahbaz Ahmad, Senior
He is considered to be amongst the best forwards in the history of field
hockey.

World Cup
World Cup
T-20
Asia Cup
Austral-
Asia Cup
Asian Test
Championship
1992 2009 2000 1986 1998-99
2012 1990
1994

Javed Miandad
He is Pakistan's leading run scorer (8,832) in Test cricket. He is widely
known for his historic last ball big sixer against India in 1986 at
Sharjah Cricket Ground, when 4 runs were required to win against the
arch rival.

Wasim Akram
Regarded as one of the greatest fast bowlers
in the history of cricket.

Zaheer Abbass
Known as Asian Bradman. Regarded as one of the
finest batsman produced by the country.

Inzamam ul Haq
One of the greatest batsman in the world.

Waqar Younis
Widely regarded as one of the greatest fast bowlers of all time. His
trademark was his ability to reverse swing a ball at high speed.

Shahid Khan Afridi
A thrilling cricketer from Pakistan. Holds record for the fastest 50 in ODI.
Widely regarded as Boom Boom Afridi because of his aggressive hitting
on the crease. He is one of the best all-rounders of Pakistani Cricket.

Saeed Ajmal
With his effective doosra and other varieties, he is considered as the
best spinner in modern world of cricket.

Abdur Razzaq
One of the best all-rounders produced by Pakistani Cricket.

Saeed Anwar
Scored 20 centuries for Pakistan in ODIs which are highest as of now.

Shoaib Akhtar
The speed star in the world of cricket. Holds record for
fastest ball in cricket.

He is the winner of the 1994 IBSF World
Snooker Championship &
2006 IBSF World Masters
Championship
Symbols of Pakistan
65
He is the winner of 2012 IBSF
World Snooker Championship

The music genera of Pakistan are unique.
They include diverse musical influences
ranging from South Asia, Central
Asia, Persia, Turkish, Arabic to modern
day Western popular music. With such
diverse influences, a distinctive Pakistani
sound of music has been formed. Some
notable singers who gave strong and
impressive international appearances are
there on next few slides.

Atif Aslam

Rahat Fateh Ali Khan

Ali Zafar

Junaid Jamshaid

Ali Haider

Ibrar ul Haq

Ali Azmat

Hadiqa Kiyani

The official map of Pakistan was prepared by Mahmood Alam
Suhrawardy.

# Country
Length of
International
Border in
Kilometers
Direction
1 Afghanistan 2643 North-West
2 China 510 North
3 Iran 912 West
4 India 2910 East
Total 6975

Pakistan army is one of the most professional armed forces on the
face of earth. They have a mandate to defend the territorial integrity
of the country at any cost. They have proven their mettle against the
many times bigger adversary. Pakistani people take great pride in
their dedication for fulfilling their duties.
According to International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS),
the army has an active force of 620,000 personnel in 2012. They
have their strength not in their numbers but in their skills, bravery,
courage, dedication, commitment and above all faith in ALLAH.
They have always been ahead of any institution in the country when
there is an internal or external threat to the security and sanctity of
the country.
Pakistan army is equipped with the best weapons in the world.
Pakistan Navy, Pakistan Marines and Pakistan Air Force provide
them more strength to their maneuverability.

Pakistan Marines

The State Emblem was adopted in 1954. It symbolizes
Pakistan's ideological foundation, the basis of its
economy, its cultural heritage and its guiding
principles. The four components of the emblem are a
crescent and star crest above a shield, which is
surrounded by a wreath, below which is a scroll. The
crest and the green color of the emblem are traditional
symbols of Islam. The quartered shield in the centre
shows cotton, wheat, tea and jute, which were the
major crops of Pakistan at the time of independence
which signify the agricultural base of the
economy. The floral wreath, surrounding the shield,
emphasizes the cultural heritage of Pakistan. The
scroll supporting the shield contains Muhammad Ali
Jinnah's motto in Urdu, which reads from right to left
as “Imaan, Ittehad, Nazm“ that is translated as
"Faith, Unity, Discipline" which are the
fundamental and guiding principles for Pakistanis.

National language  Urdu (However, English is Official Language)
National flower  Common Jasmine adopted on 15/07/1961.
National tree  Deodar (Himalayan Cedar)
National animal  Markhor (Himalayan Goat-Antelope)
National bird  Chukar (Red-legged Partridge)
National game  Field Hockey
National mosque  Faisal Mosque, Islamabad
National mausoleum  Mazar-e-Quaid
National drink  Sugar cane Juice (Rhou)
National monument  Pakistan Monument
National Library  National Library of Pakistan
National currency  Rupee
Central bank  State Bank of Pakistan

National Flower

National Bird
(Red-legged Partridge)

National Animal
(Himalayan Goat - Antelope)

National Tree

National Game

National Mausoleum

National Monument

National Mosque

National Library
Symbols of Pakistan
94

# Description Ranked
1
Largest Irrigation system in the world
(Pakistan has 40,000 miles long canal system)
1st
2 Largest population in the Muslim countries (more than 180 million) 2nd
3
Largest rock-salt reserves in the world
(Khewra salt-mine is the 2nd largest in the world)
2nd
4
Largest artificial jungle in the world
(Changa Manga covers an areas of 12,000 acres.)
1st
5
Atomic power
(Pakistan tested its nuclear devices on May 28 & 30, 1998)
7th
6
The largest graveyard in the world
(Thatta in Sindh covers an area of 6 square miles)
1st
7
The largest mosque in the world
(Faisal Mosque, Islamabad )
1st
8
Highest road in the world
(Karakoram Highway, 10,200 feet above sea level)
1st

9
Highest frontline in the world
(Siachin Glacier is 17,000 -- 20,000 feet high above the sea level and is
47 miles in length approximately)
1st
10
Highest mountain peak
(K-2 is 28, 269 feet high above the sea level)
2nd
11
Highest mountain pass
(Muztagh Pass is 19,030 feet high above the sea level)
2nd
12
Largest land area of a country has
(796,095 square kilometers)
34th
13 Sea area, Arabian sea, covering 1,492,000 square miles 3rd
14
Cricket
(World Champion in ODIs (1992) & T-20 (2009) , once in each format)
-
15
Hockey
(World Champion 4 times & Olympic Champion 3 times)
-
16
Snooker
(World Champions: Muhammad Yousaf & Mohammad Asif )
-

17 Largest copper reserves 7th
18 Largest coal reserves 5th
19 Largest wheat production 8th
20 Largest rice production 7th
21
Largest gold mine in the world
(gold reserves unexplored at Recodec mine are largest in the country)
5th
22 Largest army in the world 6th
23
Largest dam in the world
(Tarbela dam is the largest dam in the country)
2nd
24
Highest Polo ground in the world
(Shandoor Polo Ground 3,720 meters above sea level)
1st
25
Population in the world
(The population of Pakistan is more than 180 million now)
6th

26 Largest Deep Sea Port
Gawader Sea Port is the largest deep sea port in the world
1st
27
Squash (Pakistan has the highest number of world champions that a
country may have.)
Hashim Khan (7 times winner of British Open)
Azam Khan (4 times winner of British Open)
Roshan Khan (1 time winner of British Open)
Qamar Zaman (1 time winner of British Open)
Jehangir Khan (6 times winner World Open, 10 times winner of British Open)
Jan Sher Khan (8 times winner World Open, 6 times winner of British Open)
Important note:
This is highly interesting to note that Pakistanis have registered a large number of world
records for their individual works/feats and have their names in Guinness Book of World
Records.

A presentation by
Ahmad Tariq Bhatti
Lahore
Symbols of Pakistan
101

Symbols of Pakistan: Its National Identity

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