Brief description of Evolution of web. Easy to understand

1. Abdul Hayee
F13-1383

2. HTTP (Hypertext Transport Protocol)
 It is a protocol used for data communication in world wide
web
HTML 1 (Hypertext Markup Language)
1. It is a language used to create web pages
2. It describes the structure of the website which makes it
a markup language, rather then a programming
language

3. Mosaic Browser
1. Mosaic was developed at the National Center for
Supercomputing Application (NCSA) at the University of
Illinois Urbana-Champaign beginning in late 1992.
NCSA released the browser in 1993.
2. For first time its 0.1 version is released.
3. It read HTML 1 and it was a client of earlier protocols.

4. Mosaic look like this

5. HTML 2
 HTML 2 is released in 1994. The feature of stylized text
and table is introduced in it
Cookies are introduced
 Cookie is a small piece of data sent from a website
and stored in the user's web browser while the user
is browsing it. Every time the user loads the website,
the browser sends the cookie back to the server to
notify the user's previous activity.
 These were 1st time implemented in Netscape
browser in 1994.

6. Netscape Browser
 Netscape browser build and its 1st and 2nd (0.9 & 1.0)
versions was released in 1994
 It has high speed then Mosaic browser and it was free
although NCSA released 2nd version of Mosaic.

7. NetScap 1.0

8. Opera Browser
 It was internally and limited released in 1995.
 Opera web browser began in 1994 when it was started
as a research project at Telenor. In 1995, the project
branched out into a separate company named Opera
Software ASA, with the first publicly available version
released in 1996
 Opera has undergone extensive changes and
improvements, and introduced notable features such as
Speed Dial.
 It has multiple document interface(MDI) and sidebar,
which made browsing several pages at once much easier

9. Opera 1.0

10. Internet Explorer
 Microsoft has developed eleven versions of Internet
Explorer for Windows from 1995 to 2013.
 It has also developed Internet Explorer for Mac, Internet
Explorer for UNIX and Internet Explorer Mobile for Apple
Macintosh, Unix and mobile devices respectively
 It was modeled on NCSA’s Mosaic browser but did not
use its source code

11. INTERNET EXPLORER 1.0 INTERNET EXPLORER 9

12. SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)
 SSL was introduced in web in 1995
 It is a predecessor of Transport Layer Security (TLS)
 Both SSL & TLS are protocols designed to
provide communications security over a computer
network
 Major web sites
(including Google, YouTube, Facebook and many others)
use TLS to secure all communications between their
servers and web browsers.
HTML 3
 HTML 3 is made in 1995
 More of 1 and 2 with some Brower specific features

13. JavaScript
 JavaScript was originally developed by Netscape in 1995
 JavaScript is most commonly used as a client side
scripting language. This means that JavaScript code is
written into an HTML page.
 It has an application programming interface (API) for
working with text, arrays, dates and regular expressions
 JavaScript is not the same as Java. I repeat: JavaScript
is not the same as Java.
 It was first time implemented in NetScap in 1996 and
later on it was adopted by Microsoft and was
implemented in Internet Explorer’s version 3 in 1996
 It was implemented by Opera in 1997

14. Flash
 Adobe Flash (formerly
called Macromedia Flash and Shockwave Flash) is
a multimedia and software platform
 It is used for creating vector graphics, animation, browser
games, rich Internet applications, desktop
applications, mobile applications and mobile games
 Flash displays text, vector and raster graphics to provide
animations, video games and applications
 It allows streaming of audio and video, and can capture
mouse, keyboard, microphone and camera input
 It was developed in 1995 but implemented in Browsers in
1996

15. XML (Extensible Markup Language)
 XML was developed in 1996 but introduced in browsers from
1999
 XML is a markup language that defines a set of rules for
encoding documents in a format which is both human-
readable and machine-readable
 Maybe it is a little hard to understand, but XML does not DO
anything
 This note is a note to Tove, from Jani, stored as XML:

16. XML HTML
1. XML was designed to carry
data - with focus on what
data is
2. XML tags are not predefined
HTML was designed to display
data - with focus on how data
looks
HTML tags are predefined
• Advantage of XML
 The tree structure of XML documents allows
documents to be compared efficiently
element by element

17. HTML 3.2 And HTML 4
 HTML 3.2 and HTML 4 were introduced in
1997
 A re-evaluation of 3. Some clutter were
removed that arrived in 2 and 3.

18. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) 2
 CSS is a style sheet language used for describing
the presentation of a document written in a markup
language
 CSS is designed primarily to enable the separation of
document content from document presentation, including
aspects such as the layout, colors, and fonts
 This separation of formatting and content makes it possible
to present the same markup page in different styles for
different rendering methods
 It is developed in 1998 but implemented in 1999

19. Ajax
(asynchronous JavaScript and XML)
 With Ajax, web applications can send data to and
retrieve from a server in the background, without
interfering with the display and behavior of the existing
page
 AJAX is about updating parts of a web page, without
reloading the whole page.
 It is implemented in 1999
 With Ajax one can:
 Update a web page without reloading the page
 Request data from a server - after the page has loaded
 Receive data from a server - after the page has loaded
 Send data to a server - in the background

20. In 2003 APPLE launches safari browser
The Mozilla Firefox project was created
by Dave Hyatt and Blake Ross in 2004
Opera released opera mini for mobile in 2005
Apple released 1st i-phone with mobile version
of safari 3 in 2007
NetScap discontinued in 2007. The usage
share of Netscape had fallen from over 90
percent in the mid-1990s to less than one
percent by the end of 2006

21. Chrome browser was launched in 2008
HTML 5
 HTML5 is a markup language used for structuring and
presenting content on the World Wide Web
 It was finalized, and published, on 28 October 2014 by
the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
CSS3
 CSS3 has been split into "modules". It contains the "old
CSS specification" (which has been split into smaller
pieces). In addition, new modules are added

22. Content Security Policy (CSP)
 Content Security Policy is a computer security standard
introduced to prevent clickjacking and other code
injection attacks resulting from execution of malicious
content in the trusted web page context
Drag And Drop
 Drag and drop became possible in web browsers by
using java script, and additional markup
Touch Events
 An HTML5 specification that allows developers to easily
build touch-enabled web apps for touch-sensitive
surfaces