By the end of the lesson you will be able to… * use article “The” correctly. * Complete some exercises.

1. Md. Abdul Kader
Lecturer
Department of English
Cambrian College
Mobile: +8801715447430
Email : has83abdulkader@gmail.com
Welcome to all of you
English Grammar
Class: XI-XII

2. 7/30/2014 2
The Amazon in Brazil is ---- longest
river in ---- South America.
o the / -
o - / the
o - / -
o the / the

3. 7/30/2014 3
Lesson: Articles-
Use of "The"

4. Learning Outcome
7/30/2014Articles- Use of "The" 4
•say when to use article
“The”.
•Complete some
exercises.
By the
end of
the
lesson
you will
be able
to …

5. Use of the
Rule-1:
When we talk about a specific person,
thing or place (something familiar)
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Peter asked the English teacher
about the day of the exam.
I went to see the film you
recommended.

6. Use of the
Rule-2:
Before a noun which has become definite
by the additionofaphraseorclause.
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The boy who came here is
my friend.
The girl with the white sari
is beautiful.

7. Use of the
Rule-3:
Before a noun which has become definite
by being mentioned a second time.
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I brought a shirt. The shirt
was red.
There is a tree in the
garden. The tree is an Oak.

8. Use of the
Rule-4:
Before a singular noun meant to
represent a whole class.
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The dog is a faithful animal.
The rose is the sweetest of
all flowers.

9. Use of the
Rule-5:
Before an uncountable Noun to
particularize it.
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The gold of the ring is very
bright.
The water of the Ganges is
sacred.

10. Use of the
Rule-6:
To refer to a name of a thing which
only one exists in Nature.
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Look at the moon.
The earth moves round
the sun.

11. More examples
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The sun The moon The sky The sea
The
weather
The
climate The wind The
environment

12. Use of the
Rule-7:
Before a noun denoting nation or race.
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The English are industrious.
The Bengalese are intelligent
but idle.

13. Use of the
Rule-8:
Before a name of road, but not before a
name of Street or Avenue.
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The vehicles are running on
the Mahatma Gandhi Road.
The book is bought from
College Street.

14. Use of the
Rule-9:
Before some nouns to indicate profession.
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He joined the Bar.
He joined the Church.

15. Use of the
Rule-10:
Before the name of a musical instrument
when one plays on it, otherwise not.
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He plays the flute.
(But he has a flute.)
He plays the guitar.

16. Use of the
Rule-11:
Before Ordinal numbers.
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Who is the first /the
second boy?
The 26th March is red letter
day.

17. Use of the
Rule-12:
As a general rule a proper noun should not
have any article before it. But the following
take “the” before them as exceptions.
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Names of holy books
The Quran
The Bible
Names of newspapers
The
Annadabazar
The Daily
Star

18. 7/30/2014Articles- Use of "The" 18
Names of ships
The Titanic
The M.V.
Akbar
Names of airplanes
The Boeing
707
The
Emirates
Names of train
The Turuna
Nishita
The Parabat
Express
Names of space crafts
The Skylabs
The
Aryabhatta

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Names of famous buildings
The Tajmahal
The Victoria
Memorial Hall
Names of seas:
The Arabian
Sea
The
Mediterranean
Sea
Names of rivers
The Ganga
The Jumuna
Names Of Oceans:
The Indian
Ocean
The Pacific
Ocean

20. 7/30/2014Articles- Use of "The" 207/30/2014Articles- Use of "The" 20
Points On The Globe
The Equator
The North
Pole
Name Of Forests
The Black
Forest
The
Sundaarbon
Geographical Areas
The Middle
East
The West
Names of the directions
Go to the
north
Turn to the
south

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Names Of Gulfs
The Persian
Gulf
The Bay Of
Bengal
Names Of Group Of Islands
The
Andamans
The West
Indies
Names Of Mountain Ranges
The
Himalayas
The Alps
Names Of Desert:
The Gobi
The Sahara

22. Use of the
Rule-12:……….
Note: 1.
“The” is not used before the names of single
mountains, single islands , nor before the names
of capes, nor before the names of lakes.
Note: 2.
If a book in called after its author, the articles is
not used.
Homer’s Iliad Valmiki’s Ramayana
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23. Use of the
Rule-13:
Before the names of province having a
descriptive geographical meaning.
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The Punjab
The Deccan

24. Use of the
Rule-14:
Before the names of countries which
are collectively formed.
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The United State Of America
The U.K.( The United Kingdom)

25. Use of the
Rule-15:
Before the plural names of families.
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The Bosses are
familiar with the
Browns.

26. Use of the
Rule-16:
Before proper Nouns for comparison to
denote a type.
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Rabindranath is the
Shakespeare of India.
Bankimchandra is the Scott
of Bengal.

27. Use of the
Rule-17:
Before a proper noun when it is qualified by
an adjective or Adjectival Phrases or clauses.
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The great Caesar.
The immortal Kalidas.

28. Use of the
Rule-18:
Before some common nouns and Adjectives
to express an abstract sense.
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Do not play the fool (= foolishness).
He allowed the father (= his fatherly
feelings) to be overruled by the judge and
declared his own son to be guilty.

29. More examples
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All the mother (= Motherly
feelings) rose in her.
Do not keep him in the dark
(=darkness).
Check the beast (= beastly
passion) in you.

30. Use of the
Rule-19:
Before Adjectives to denote a particular part
of thing.
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I like the yellow of an
egg.
He entered the thick of
the forest.

31. Use of the
Rule-20:
Before a common noun as a substitute for
the possessive Adjective.
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He caught me by the arm.
He pulled the lion by the tail.
He struck you on the head.

32. Use of the
Rule-21:
Before an adjective to represent a
whole class of persons.
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The rich are not always happy.
The poor are not always dishonest.
The virtuous are happy.

33. Rule-22:
‘The’ is used before superlative adjectives
and the words in the superlative sense.
Use of the
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She is the most beautiful
girl.
He is the man of the match.

34. Use of the
Rule-23:
‘The’ is used with double comparatives/Before
comparatives as Adverbs.
Example:
1. The sooner, the better.
2. The more, the merrier.
3. The more we have, the more we want.
4. The more I read, the more I like.
5. The more I earn, the more I spend.
6. The more I eat, the less I like.
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35. Use of the
Rule-24:
Before someone or something which
become definite because of familiarity or
proximity.
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She is in the garden. (Indicate
the garden of her own home)
The doctor came today. (Indicate
that doctor who usually come)

36. Use of the
Rule-25:
Before the name with the structure
“noun + of + noun”.
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The Bay of
Bengal
The Gulf of
Mexico
The United
states of America

37. Use of the
Rule-26:
Before the name with the structure
“Adjective + noun”.
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The Arabian
Ocean
The Caribbean
Sea
The New
Forest

38. Use of the
Rule-27:
Before the date of a month.
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He will come on the 10th of this
month.
The 21st February is the
international mother language day.

39. Use of the
Rule-28:
‘The’ is used with historical buildings.
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The
National
Theatre
The
MUSON
Centre
The
Museum
The Beach
House

40. Use of the
Rule-29:
‘The’ is used with the names of certain
countries and provinces.
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The
Yoruba
The
United
Kingdom
The
United
States
The
Deccan

41. Group Work
Decided whether to use the definite article
>the< or not. If you do not need the article
>the<, type an x.
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42. Group Work-1
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HiJohn,
I arrived in ___ USA last Monday. We left ___ Rome, flew
over ___ Alps and made a quick stop in ___ London. There we
wentshoppingin ___Harrods,visited ___Towerandenjoyeda
sunnyafternoonin ___ HydePark. Onthefollowingday we left
for ___ New York. ___ time on board wasn't boring as there
were two films to watch on ___ monitor. ___ people on ___
plane were all ___ Italian. Before we landed at ___ JFK airport,
we saw ___ Statue of Liberty, ___ Ellis Island and ___ Empire
State Building. ___ hotel I stayed in was on ___ corner of ___
42nd Street and ___ 5th Avenue. I don't like ___ hotels very
much,butIdidn'thave ___timetorentanapartment.
PleasesayhellotoPeterandMandy.
Yours,
Peter

43. Check you answer
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Hi John,
I arrived in the USA last Monday. We left x Rome, flew
over the Alps and made a quick stop in x London. There
we went shopping in x Harrods, visited the Tower and
enjoyed a sunny afternoon in x Hyde Park. On the
following day we left for x New York. The time on board
wasn't boring as there were two films to watch on the
monitor. The people on the plane were all x Italian.
Before we landed at x JFK airport, we saw the Statue of
Liberty, x Ellis Island and the Empire State Building. The
hotel I stayed in was on the corner of x 42nd Street and x
5th Avenue. I don't like x hotels very much, but I didn't
have x time to rent an apartment.
Please say hello to Peter and Mandy.
Yours,
Peter

44. Group work-2
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1) Last year we visited __ St. Paul's Cathedral and ___ Tower.
2) ___ Mount Everest is ____ highest mountain on earth.
3) ___ Loch Ness is _____ most famous lake in Scotland.
4) ___most children like ___ sweets.
5) ___ summer of 1996 was hot and dry.
6) ___ Plaza Hotel is on the corner of ___ 59th Street and ___
5th Avenue.
7) My sister often stays at ___ Uncle Tim's in Detroit.
8) Our friends ___ Millers moved to Florida last August.
9) ___ smog is a problem in ___ big cities.
10) Our children go to ___ school by ___ bus.

45. Check you answer
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1) Last year we visited x St. Paul's Cathedral and the Tower.
2) x Mount Everest is the highest mountain on earth.
3) x Loch Ness is the most famous lake in Scotland.
4) x most children like x sweets.
5) The summer of 1996 was hot and dry.
6) The Plaza Hotel is on the corner of x 59th Street and x
5th Avenue.
7) My sister often stays at x Uncle Tim's in Detroit.
8) Our friends the Millers moved to Florida last August.
9) x smog is a problem in x big cities.
10) Our children go to x school by x bus.

46. Group work-3
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1) Last year we visited ___ St. Paul's Cathedral and ___ Tower.
2) ___ Mount Everest is ___ highest mountain on earth.
3) ___ Loch Ness is ___ most famous lake in Scotland.
4) ___ most children like ___ sweets.
5) ___ summer of 1996 was hot and dry.
6) ___ Plaza Hotel is on the corner of ___ 59th Street and ___
5th Avenue.
7) My sister often stays at ___ Uncle Tim's in Detroit.
8) Our friends ___ Millers moved to Florida last August.
9) ___ smog is a problem in ___ big cities.
10) Our children go to ___ school by ___ bus.

47. Check you answer
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1.
Correct answer: Last year we visited x St. Paul's Cathedral and the
Tower.
2. Correct answer: x Mount Everest is the highest mountain on earth.
3. Correct answer: x Loch Ness is the most famous lake in Scotland.
4. Correct answer: x most children like x sweets.
5. Correct answer: The summer of 1996 was hot and dry.
6.
Correct answer: The Plaza Hotel is on the corner of x 59th Street and
x 5th Avenue.
7. Correct answer: My sister often stays at x Uncle Tim's in Detroit.
8. Correct answer: Our friends the Millers moved to Florida last August.
9. Correct answer: x smog is a problem in x big cities.
10. Correct answer: Our children go to x school by x bus.

48. Pair work
Fill the gaps with correct options.
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49. Pair work
1. How far do you live from ______?
a) the city centre
b) city centre
2. He didn't feel well so he went to
_______.
a) doctor
b) the doctor
3. Excuse me. Where is _______?
a) post office
b) the post office
4. Tom is in _______. He's going to
have an operation.
a) hospital
b) the hospital
5. Would you like to go to ______ after
finishing the secondary school?
a) the university
b) university
6. I must go to _______ today.
a) bank
b) the bank
7. What are you going to do after
leaving ______?
a) school
b) the school
8. We usually arrive ______ at 5 pm.
a) the home
b) home
9. He committed a crime so he is in
______ now.
a) prison
b) the prison
10. What time do you usually get home
from _______?
a) the work
b) work
11. I finish ______ at 5 pm every day.
a) work
b) the work
12. Would like to go to ______ tonight?
a) cinema
b) the cinema
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50. Check you answer
1. the city centre
2. the doctor
3. the post office
4. hospital
5. University
6. the bank
7. School
8. home
9. Prison
10.work
11.work
12.the cinema
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51. Individual work
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Fill the gaps with correct articles (a, an or the).
1. There was __ man and __ woman in the room. __ man was
English but __ woman looked foreign. She was wearing __ fur coat.
2. This morning I bought __ newspaper and __ magazine. __
newspaper is in my bag but I don't know where __ magazine is.
3. My parents have __ cat and __ dog. __ dog never bites __ cat but
__ cat often scratches __ dog.
4. I saw __ accident this morning. __ car crashed into __ wall. __
driver of __ car was not hurt but __ car was quite badly damaged
5. When you turn into Winston Road, you will see three houses: __
red one, __ blue one and __ white one. I live in __ white one.
6. We live in __ old house in __ middle of the village. There is __
beautiful garden behind __ house. __ roof of __ house is in very bad
condition.

52. Check you answer
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1. There was a man and a woman in the room. The man was
English but the woman looked foreign. She was wearing a fur
coat.
2. This morning I bought a newspaper and a magazine. The
newspaper is in my bag but I don't know where the magazine is.
3. My parents have a cat and a dog. The dog never bites the cat
but the cat often scratches the dog.
4. I saw an accident this morning. A car crashed into a wall. The
driver of the car was not hurt but the car was quite badly
damaged
5. When you turn into Winston Road, you will see three houses:
a red one, a blue one and a white one. I live in the white one.
6. We live in an old house in the middle of the village. There is a
beautiful garden behind the house. The roof of the house is in
very bad condition.

53. Evaluation
Fill the gaps with correct options.
1. Tom loves films. He often goes to _______.
a) the cinema
b) cinema
2. Children go to ______ from the age of six.
a) the school
b) school
3. She usually goes to _______ at the weekends.
a) the church
b) church
4. It's very late and I'm very tired so I'm going to _______.
a) the bed
b) bed
5. He wants to study philosophy at ________.
a) university
b) the university
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54. Evaluation
6. My plane departs at 6.20, so I must be at ________ at about 5.30.
a) airport
b) the airport
7. I need some money. I must go to ________.
a) the bank
b) bank
8. He has a bad tooth, so he must go to _______.
a) the dentist
b) dentist
9. There were many people at ________ waiting for the bus.
a) the station
b) station
10. I called you yesterday, but you weren't at _______.
a) the home
b) home
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55. Home work
Recall these rules and practise
more and more.
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56. Departure
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