The word "malware" is a shorthand version of the phrase "malicious software," and it encompasses all types of software created with the intent of causing harm. ... can infect a computer in multiple ways and can have a variety of effects. Viruses have a wide range of effects, from complete destruction of all information ... at the moment there are no viruses that may cause damage to the hardware, ...

1. Abhinit Kumar Sharma

2.  INTRODUCTION
 The basics of computer Virus
 Summarizing what they are ?
 How they attack ?
 What we can do to protect our selves ?

3.  What is Computer Virus ?
A comp. Virus is a coded program that is
written in Assembly or System
programming language to modify existing
program and perform a series of action
without user consent.

4.  HISTORY OF COMPUTER VIRUSES
The Pre-Historic Period
The Early Times
The Middle Ages
The Current Picture
The Emerging Scenario

5.  CLASSIFICATION OF VIRUSES
General Classification Of Viruses
Behavioral Classification of Viruses

6.  General Classification Of Virus
Viruses
Boot
Sector
Viruses
Directory
Viruses
Floppy
Disk Boot
Sector
Viruses
Hard Disk
Master
Boot
Record
(MBR)/
Partition
Table
Viruses
Macro
Virus
Parasitic
Virus
File
Viruses

7.  Behavioral Classification of Virus
 Nature Of Attack
 Deception Techniques Employed
 Frequency of Infection

8.  Nature Of Attack
Viruses
Direct
Action
Viruses
Resident
Virus

9.  Deception Techniques Employed
Viruses
Stealth
Virus
Batch File
Virus
Multipartite
Viruses
Polymorphic
Virus
Cavity
Virus
Tunneling
Virus
Camouflage
Viruses
Armored
Viruses
Companion
Viruses

10.  Frequency of Infection
Fast
Infector
Virus
Slow
Infector
Viruses
Sparse
Infector
Viruses
Viruses

11. Discover
y
Assimilation
Eradicatio
n
Gestatio
n
The propagated
virus is activated
Users become aware of
the virus and isolate it
Vaccine for the virus
is developed
When the use of vaccine become
widespread the virus is eradicated
The same or a
diff. developer
develops a diff.
strain of a new
virus and the
progress begins
afresh
The virus spreads
to other systems
Activation
Propagation
STAGE - 1
STAGE - 2
STAGE - 3
STAGE - 4
STAGE - 5
STAGE - 7
The created virus
is released to the
outside world
STAGE - 6
Creation
 LIFE CYCLE OF A VIRUS

12.  QUALITIES OF A VIRUS
 A virus must incorporate a replicating routine.
 A virus should be able to install itself in the RAM.
 A virus has a trademark trigger routine.
 Some viruses have an encryption routine.
 Most viruses are designed to exhibit some sort of
stealth characteristics to avoid detection.

13.  HOW DOES VIRUS WORKS
 Enter by email,downloads,floppy disk or hacking
 Then make copies of itself to spread.
 They will wait for the signal for being activated.

14. SYMPTOMS OF A VIRUS
INFECTION
 Graphics and unusual text will appear.
 Music will play for no reason.
 Program and data file suddenly corrupted.
 Disk volume is changed.
 Files and directories have been changed suddenly.
 Your computer goes slowdown.
 System memory have been changed.
 Hardware devices begin to exhibit unusual behavour.
 Interrupt vector have been changed.

15.  HOW VIRUSES SPREAD
SO QUICKLY ?
 The larger amount of spreading the virus is user base, the
more widespread and quicker the infection.
 The level of piracy is also influence to spread.
The complexity & characteristics of the virus code helps a
virus to spread effectively.
 Internet is also cause to spread the virus quickly.

16.  POSITIVE VIRUS
 A virus is ‘bad’ or ‘good’ depends on the virus developer.
 Virus is made of two parts.
 Propagation mechanism.
 Payload.
 Propagation mechanism Spreads comp. To comp.
 It is a technical challenge that lets fun of designing it.
 Propagated virus automatically spreading until halted.
 Entire meaning is easy to get and hard to recover.
 Ex. If a virus which acts as anti-virus that detect the
negative virus and remove from the system.

17.  “I LOVE YOU” VIRUS
 A love letter which is win32 based on e-mail
attachments.
 HOW DO I GET IT ?
 Attachment named : LOVE-LETTER-FOR YOU.TXT
 The warning is protect.vbs.
 When it opened virus infects to the system.
 Unless you are sure that the doc. Is free from virus.
 If you are unsure than ask to the sender to confirm.
 Difficult to open .mp2 , .mp3 , .midi , .wav Etc.
 Difficult to open .jpg , .bmp , .gif etc

18.  What is Anti-Virus
Anti-Virus is a specialized utility
program which is used to detect , eradicate
and prevent viruses.

19. DIFFERENT ANTI-VIRUS TECHNOLOGY
Hook Driver
It provides databases in notes.
Extension Manager
It allows a program to be run
natively.

20.  HOW EFFECTIVE IS AN ANTI-
VIRUS SW IS ?
 Methodology of detecting, and incorporate anti-virus.
They have their own database to compare string of virus
string to detect.
An intelligent virus may breakdown your anti-virus sw.
Timely and regularly upgrade the anti-virus sw
If more than one user use one computer ,always check
all local drives after download any data.

21. COULD ANTI-VIRUS
PROGRAM ITSELF BE INFECTED?
 Clever virus may infect the anti-virus sw.
 Parallel you might be use the another corporate anti-virus.
 If one fails than the other might be detect.
 The developer make an anti-virus sw after confirmation.

22.  QUALITIES OF AN ANTI-VIRUS
SW.
 Directly it remove to your system memory.
 Example of virus which is same as cancer cells.
Two ways of virus detection.
 Signature based like polymorphic virus.
 Rule based like genetic in nature.
 Cat and mouse game bet’n developer and writers.

23.  LIMITATIONS OF ANTI-VIRUS
PROGRAMS
 Limited database virus strings.
 old version can’t detect.
 Directly not work on on-line services.
 Restricted coverage area for an anti-virus sw

24.  CONCLUSION
While using diff. External Data storage devices like cd’s,
floppy disk
scan all the system with the help of upgrade anti-virus
soft-ware.
The hazard ness cause by the virus to our system for
which we have to take care.
 “PREVENTION IS ALLWAYES BETTER THAN
CURE”.

25. Thank You !!!