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1. INFECTION
CONTROL
MEASURES

2. DEFENITION
• MEASURES PRACTICED BY HEALTH
CARE PERSONNEL TO PREVENT
SPREAD ,TRANSMISSION AND
ACQUISITION OF INFECTION BETWEEN
CLIENTS,FROM HEALTH CARE
PROVIDERS TO CLIENTS AND FROM
CLIENTS TO HEALTH CARE
PROVIDERS

3. • INFECTION COTROL MEASURES ARE
BASED ON HOW AN INFECTIOUS
AGENT IS TRANSMITTED .
INCLUDES …
STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
ADDITIONAL PRECAUTIONS

4. STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
Specific precautions designed to
prevent harmful bacteria and viruses
from infecting people who are
providing first aid or health care.

5. STANDARD PRECAUTIONS
• As defined by CDC:
• Standard Precautions are a set of
practices designed to prevent the
transmission of HIV, Hepatitis B and
other blood borne pathogens (bacteria
and viruses).
• Under SP, blood and other body fluids
of all patients are considered
potentially infectious.

6. Body Fluids Include:
• Blood • Drainage from
• Vomit cuts, scrapes,
• Saliva wounds or sores
• Secretions from
• Stool (feces)
mucous
• Urine membranes
• Drainage from • Sputum (mucus
nose from lungs)
or sinuses
• Vaginal secretions
• Semen

7. Standard Precaution Steps
• Personal Protective Equipment
• Decontamination
• Hand Washing
• Waste Disposal

8. Personal Protective
Equipment
• “specialized clothing or equipment
worn by an employee for protection
against infectious materials”

9. Personal Protective
Equipment
• Gloves
• Aprons
• Gowns
• Protective
eyewear
• Face shields
• Masks

10. Gloves...
Always wear gloves when …
• Direct contact with body fluids is
anticipated (nosebleeds, bleeding
abrasions, etc.)
• Handling clothes soiled by urine, feces,
vomit or blood
• Diapering children

11. Gloves…
• One time use.
• If gloves not immediately available, use
barrier such as paper towels.
• When removing, peel off hands and roll
glove outside in.
• Discard gloves in lined trash container.
• Wash hands after removing gloves.

12. Key Points About PPE
• Done before contact with the patient,
generally before entering the room
• Use carefully – don’t spread
contamination
• Remove and discard carefully, either at
the doorway or immediately outside
patient room; remove respirator outside
room
• Immediately perform hand hygiene
PPE Use in Healthcare Settings

13. Factors Influencing PPE
Selection
• Type of exposure anticipated
– Splash/spray versus touch
– Category of isolation precautions

14. Sequence for Removing PPE
• Gloves
• Face shield or goggles
• Gown
• Mask or respirator
PPE Use in Healthcare Settings

15. : Decontamination
• Area must be cleaned with approved quaternary
disinfectant –
Clorox wipes and Lysol type products will kill many
infectious organisms but will not kill blood borne
pathogens.
• Contact custodian for clean-up of blood or body
fluid “spills”.
• Discard gloves and any contaminated materials in
a lined trash container.
• Wash Hands.

16. Hand washing
The MOST IMPORTANT STEP
Use liquid soap and warm water.
Wash vigorously for 10 – 15 seconds.
Rinse under warm running water.
.

18. Waste Disposal
• Proper handling and
disposal of needles.
• Taking precautions to
prevent injury from
scalpels, needles, and other
sharp instruments.

19. Waste Disposal
• Bag and tie
• Place in second bag and tie again
(double bag technique)
• Place all sharps (used needles) in
sharps container.
• Wash hands after removing
gloves.

20. Flow Chart - Disposal of Wastes at
the Health Facility
Disposal of Injection Related Wastes
Needles / broken Needle Cap /
Swabs
Wrapper ampoules / cutter Syringes (after
(sharps) hub cut), gloves,
IV set
White Translucent Yellow Bag
Green Bag Blue Bag
Puncture Proof
Container
Municipal Disinfectant / Disinfectant / Incineration/
wastes Autoclaving & Autoclaving, Burial
Shredding & Sharp Shredding &
Pit Recycling

21. ADDITIONAL PRECAUTIONS
• Respiratory hygiene/cough hygiene
• Environmental cleaning
• Handling of patient care equipment
• Injection safety

22. THANK YOU