Introduction to Nokia RNC

1. Introduction to Nokia RNC Presented by: Ahmed Mohamed Nabeeh

2. Agenda • Theoretical background • RNC versions • RNC cabinet mechanical structure • RNC configuration • RNC architecture • RNC plug-in units (PIU) • RNC function units (FUs)

3. Theoretical background The main function of the RNC is to control and manage the Radio Access Network (RAN) and the radio channels. 1. Radio Resource Management • Admission Control • Load Control • Packet Scheduling • Power Control • Handover Control 2. Operation and maintenance • Supervision system • Alarm system • Recovery system • Fault diagnosis system RNC main function

4. RNC location in the network • Below diagram shows the interfaces between the RNC and other N.Es N.B. The interface is named as IU-X, where x is the N.E, the interface is connected to, for example the interface connecting the RNC to the NDB is IU-B, the interface connecting the RNC to a another RNC is IU-R, etc.. Theoretical background

5. Theoretical background • 2N (HSB) : in this mode, each active unit is protected with only one card, in case of any fault/failure in the active card, the RNC will switch automatically over the SBY card • N+1: in this mode, each group of cards (N) is protected by only one card, in case of any fault at any card from the group the RNC will activate the SBY card automatically to take over the functions of the faulty card • SN+(Load sharing): in this mod, each group of cards (N) carry the certain number of processes, the load processes is distributed evenly over all the cards, in case of any card failure, its process will be redistributed evenly over all the working cards in the group N.B. The difference between N+1 and 2N configurations is that in the 2N configuration, one SBY unit is designated for only one active card while in the N+1 one SBY unit is designated for N group of cards Redundancy Principles

6. RNC versions • There are two versions of Nokia RNCs deployed at orange EG network: 1. RNC 450 – Supports capacity up to 450 Mb/s – Small capacity RNC – was first manufactured in 2001 2.RNC 2600 – Supports capacity up to 2.8 Gb/s – has a very similar structure to RNC 450 (Uses the same cabinet and PIUs) – Was first manufactured in 2008

7. RNC versions • Nokia 450 and 2600 RNCs have the same architecture and use the same standard cabinet (EC-216) • Nokia uses the IP-A 2800 system architecture which is a distributed processing architecture based on modular software and hardware structure. • The distribution of processes is achieved by using a multi-processor system, in which the functions of the network element are divided among several functional units.

8. RNC cabinet mechanical construction • Cabinets • Cooling and power supply equipment • Subracks • Plug-in units • Internal cables The mechanical construction of the IPA2800 network elements is based on M2000 mechanics platform, which follows a standard hierarchy:

9. RNC cabinet mechanical construction • Two CPD120-A power distribution units at the top of the cabinet, complete with connectors for redundant incoming and outgoing supply lines plus circuit breakers for the latter • CAIND-A Network Element Alarm indicator (only in the first cabinet). • Adjustable feet for permanent installation • Vertical grounding bars • CS216-A cable shelves • FTRA-B Fan units The EC-216 cabinet consists of the following parts

10. RNC cabinet mechanical construction • The interfaces for the power supply and grounding are located on the back panel of the CPD120-A cabinet power distribution units which installed at the top of the RNC cabinet. • CPD-120-A has two power sources for redundancy, each source is connected to 4 C/Bs, each is providing power to a sub-rack RNC cooling and power equipment CPD120-A cabinet power back panel Source-ASource-B

11. RNC cabinet mechanical construction • Each subrack in the rack is provided with a dedicated fan tray cooling unit • The EC-216 cabinet uses FATR-B tray for cooling which consists of eight separate fans with an aggregate capacity sufficient to ensure N+1 redundancy, if one fan failed this will not result in temperature increase at subrack • FATR-B units are controlled by PD-30 PIU which controls the fan units speed and report any fan failure to the OMU PIU RNC cooling and power equipment

12. RNC configuration • RNCs 2600 and 450 feature two different equipment cabinets: 1. RNAC : Main cabinet which houses all the mandatory PIUs for the RNC to operate properly 2. RNBC : Extension cabinet which is used to increase the capacity of the RNC • RNC configuration can be either right to left or left to right • We use left to right configuration in Orange-EG

13. RNC configuration • The EC-216 cabinet consists of 4 subracks numbered from 1 at the top to 4 at the bottom • Each subrack consists from 19 slots numbered from left to right from 1 to 19 EC-216 cabinet numbering:

14. RNC configuration • RNAC subracks 1 and 2 house nearly all 2N redundant equipment in the network element • Units which make up a mutually redundant pair are placed in separate subracks • RNAC subracks 3 and 4 and all RNBC subracks feature N+1 redundant units or those with no backup at all • With 2N redundant pairs of MXU units in each subrack as the only exceptions. A 2N redundant MXU is located in the same subrack as all tributary units connected to them are in the same subrack.

15. RNC configuration • Type-A(Basic capacity): One cabinet, 4 sub-racks • Type-B : Two cabinet, 6 sub-racks • Type-C (Maximum capacity): Two cabinet, 8 sub-racks C BA

16. RNC configuration • Configuration A can support capacity up to 150 Mbit/s • Configuration B can support capacity up to 300 Mbit/s • Configuration C can support capacity up to 450 Mbit/s C BA RNC-450 configurations

17. RNC configuration • Configuration A can support capacity up to 900 Mbit/s • Configuration B can support capacity up to 1500 Mbit/s • Configuration C can support capacity up to 2800 Mbit/s C BA RNC-2600 configurations

18. RNC architecture • The IPA2800 network architecture is a distributed processing architecture based on a modular software and hardware structure. • The distribution of processes is achieved by using a multi-processor system, in which the functions of the network element are divided among several functional units. In the IPA2800 network element, each functional unit usually consists of one plug-in unit, which has a fixed capacity • The capacity reserved for a given function can be increased by simply installing additional units of the appropriate type to the configuration • Each functional unit has its own, separate hardware and software; some of them are equipped with a dedicated Pentium®II, Pentium®III or Pentium®M 745-type computer, these units are referred to as computer units.

19. RNC architecture • Each functional unit has a separate task group to handle, the function units can be categorized into three categories 1. Switching and Multiplexing units: Perform the traffic rate adaption between the RNC cards for proper inter- connection 2. Network interface units: Terminate the in-going/out-going traffic between the RNC and the other N.Es such as Tellabs, MSC, SGSN, etc.. 3. Management, control and data processing units: Perform the O&M functionalities, control the RNC network interface ,switching and multiplexing units, store the RNC configuration, radio resources management, etc..

20. RNC architecture RNC-2600 architecture

21. RNC architecture RNC-450 architecture

22. RNC architecture • The IPA2800 network architecture applies the GPU (General processing unit) structure concept which introduces two terms: 1. Plug-in-units: • Physical HW unit • One plug-in-unit type can be used for one or more functional unit types 2. Functional units: • Logical units created on top of certain HW • Each functional unit has its own functional tasks • Certain SW modules are loaded to each functional unit type • Each functional unit has its own redundancy scheme • Functional unit has certain operations state (WO, SP, TE)

23. RNC plug-in units (PIUs) • PIUs come in two sizes: 1. 115 x 285 mm (TBUF and TSS3/-A units) 2. 265 x 285 mm (All other plug-in units)

24. RNC plug-in units (PIUs) • Below table shows the PIUs different operating systems and processors PIUs Processor Operating system MCP18-B Intel P M 745 or Intel PIII Linux CCP18-C and CCP18-A Intel Pentium M DMX with POSIX CCP10 Intel PIII DMX with POSIX MX1G6/-A, SF10E, AL2S- D/-B,CDSP-C/-B/-DH, NP2GE-B and NP8S1-B Motorola Power-Quicc II Chorus

25. RNC function units (FUs) • The FUs of the RNC fall into four general categories according to their main functions: 1. Management, control computer and data processing 2. Switching and multiplexing 3. Network element interface 4. Units in the timing, power distribution, and hardware management subsystems

26. RNC function units (FUs) 1. Operation and maintenance, including control of the Hardware Management System (or alarm system) and activation of appropriate recovery and diagnostics procedures when a fault occurs 2. Switch fabric control and ATM circuit hunting 3. Maintenance of the radio network configuration and recovery 4. Monitoring of the MS connections 5. Handling of signaling functions and management of the associated protocols 6. Provide RNC supervision for both local and remote users (Through the OMS) Management, control computer and data processing FUs: Main functions:

27. RNC function units (FUs) The Management, control and data processing functionalities are carried out by seven FUs: 1. DMCU (Data and Macro Diversity Combining Unit) 2. GTPU (Gateway Tunneling Protocol Unit) 3. ICSU (Interface Control and Signaling Unit) 4. Integrated OMS (Operation and Maintenance Server and its subunits) 5. OMU (Operation and Maintenance Unit) 6. RRMU (Radio Resource Management Unit) 7. RSMU (Resource and Switch Management Unit) Management, control computer and data processing FUs

28. RNC function units (FUs) • Consists of 8 DSP units using SN+ redundancy concept • Functions: 1. Handles L2 protocols processing such as RLC-C,MAC-C, etc.. 2. Encryption 3. GTP termination • Redundancy: SN+ • Type: signal processing unit with no sub-units • Plug-in unit: CDSP-DH / CDSP-C / CDSP-B • Interfaces: ATM interface to MXU Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.1 DMCU (Data and Macro Diversity Combining Unit)

29. RNC function units (FUs) Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.1 DMCU (Data and Macro Diversity Combining Unit)

30. RNC function units (FUs) • Facilitates the connection between the RNC and the SGSN by performing the processes of the GTP protocols • Functions: 1. Routing based on GTP tunnel ID 2. UDP/IP protocol termination • Redundancy: SN+ • Type: CCP18-C / CCP18-A / CCP10 • Plug-in unit: CDSP-DH / CDSP-C / CDSP-B • Interfaces: ATM interface to MXU Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.2 GTPU (Gateway Tunneling Protocol Unit)

31. RNC function units (FUs) Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.2 GTPU (Gateway Tunneling Protocol Unit)

32. RNC function units (FUs) • Handles the signaling and the associated traffic control functions • Functions: 1. Admission control 2. Radio resource management 3. Handover control 4. Packet scheduling 5. Signaling protocols to Iu, Iub, and Iur interfaces, including NBAP, RNSAP, and RANAP 6. Monitoring and recovery of the signaling links • Redundancy: N+1 • Type: Computer unit with no sub-units • Plug-in unit: CCP18-C / CCP18-A / CCP10 • Interfaces: ATM interface to MXU Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.3 ICSU (Interface control and signaling unit)

33. RNC function units (FUs) Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.3 ICSU (Interface control and signaling unit)

34. RNC function units (FUs) • Nokia provides two solution for the operation and maintenance server 1. Integrated OMS (Not deployed at Orange-EG network) 2. Separate OMS (Deployed at Orange-EG network) • Provides interface for network management functions (NetAct and NMS) • Functions: 1. O&M functions which are not handled by other computer units of the RNC 2. Post-processing support for measurement and statistics • Redundancy: None • Type: Computer unit, with dedicated storage devices and the Ethernet Switch unit (ESA12/ESA24) as sub-units. • Plug-in unit: MCP18-B Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.4 OMS (Operation and Maintenance server )

35. RNC function units (FUs) Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.4 OMS (Operation and Maintenance server )

36. RNC function units (FUs) • Integrated OMS is equipped with dedicated hard disks, which serve as a storage for the measurement and statistical data it collects • Redundancy: 2N, the I-OMS is connected to both hard disks as shown below • Type: Sub-unit to integrated OMS. • Plug-in unit: HDS-B Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.4.1 I-OMS subunits A) I-OMS storage devices

37. RNC function units (FUs) Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.4.1 I-OMS subunits A) I-OMS storage devices

38. RNC function units (FUs) • Integrated OMS Nokia RNC can have either ESA24 or ESA12 LAN/Ethernet switch • Provides physical LAN/Ethernet interfaces for connections between OMU, integrated OMS and the other units of the network element • Redundancy: None/2N • Type: Sub-unit to integrated OMS. • Plug-in unit: ESA 24/12 • Capacity/ Performance 24/12 physical 10/100 Base-T Ethernet interfaces • Interfaces: LAN/Ethernet to OMU, integrated OMS, and site LAN Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.4.1 I-OMS subunits B) I-OMS ESA (Ethernet switch)

39. RNC function units (FUs) Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.4.1 I-OMS subunits B) I-OMS ESA (Ethernet switch)

40. RNC function units (FUs) • Performs system maintenance functions, such as hardware configuration management, Hardware Management System (HMS) supervision, and the associated centralized recovery functions. • Functions: 1. Serves as an interface between the RNC and Operations and Maintenance Server (OMS) 2. Responsible for basic system maintenance functions 3. Connects to and controls duplicated system hard disks containing the RNC operating software and fallback software. 4. Stores the Radio Network database, ATM/IP configuration database, Equipment database, Alarm History database 5. monitors the status of the network and blocks the faulty units if necessary • Redundancy: 2N • Type: Computer unit with a dedicated storage device unit as a sub-unit. • Plug-in unit: CCP18-A / CCP10 • Interfaces: ATM virtual channels to MXU, LAN/Ethernet via ESA24/ESA12 to integrated OMS, Multiplexer Interface and Duplicated Hardware Management System (HMS) interface Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.5 OMU (Operation and Maintenance unit )

41. RNC function units (FUs) Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.5 OMU (Operation and Maintenance unit )

42. RNC function units (FUs) • OMU has two dedicated hard disk units, which serve as a redundant storage for the entire system software, the event buffer for intermediate storing of alarms, and the radio network configuration files. • Type: Sub-unit to OMU • Plug-in unit: HDS-A/-B: Hard Disk Drive with SCSI Interface • MDS-A/-B : Magneto Optical Drive with SCSI Interface • External devices: USB memory stick, one for each OMU (for CCP18-A Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.5 OMU subunits A) OMU storage devices

43. RNC function units (FUs) • Redundancy: 2N (HDS-B), The two mutually redundant WDUs are connected simultaneously to both OMUs by means of separate SCSI buses. This ensures that a spare unit is immediately available for either one of the mutually redundant OMUs, eliminating the need for OMU switchover in case of a memory unit failure. Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.5 OMU subunits A) OMU storage devices

44. RNC function units (FUs) • Performs RNC-wide paging and IPA2800 messaging. • Redundancy: 2N • Type: Computer unit • Plug-in unit: CCP18-C / CCP18-A / CCP18-A / CCP10 • Interfaces: ATM interface to MXU Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.6 RRMU (Radio Resource Management unit)

45. RNC function units (FUs) Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.6 RRMU (Radio Resource Management unit)

46. RNC function units (FUs) • RSMU controls the switch fabrics in RNC and establishes connections for calls according to requests from the signaling computer units (ICSUs). • Functions: 1. ATM switching management functions comprise: • Establishment of both internal and external connections via SFU, including ATM circuit hunting • Management and control of SFU, A2SU and MXU • Transmission resource management. 2. DSP resource management tasks comprise: • Supervision and management of the DMCU units, including the necessary software upload procedures • Allocation of the DSPs and associated computer resources to different tasks, such as micro diversity combining and data traffic • Management of the ATM connections within DMCU Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.7 RSMU (Resource and Switch Management unit)

47. RNC function units (FUs) • Redundancy: 2N • Type: Computer unit • Plug-in unit: CCP18-C / CCP18-A / CCP10 • Interfaces: ATM interface to MXU Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.7 RSMU (Resource and Switch Management unit)

48. RNC function units (FUs) Management, control computer and data processing FUs 1.7 RSMU (Resource and Switch Management unit)

49. RNC function units (FUs) • Based on ATM technology • The ATM technology provides required capacity and flexibility to support the various traffic types within the network. • Support capacity and traffic switching within the RNC Switching and multiplexing FUs :

50. RNC function units (FUs) The switching and multiplexing functionalities are carried out by three FUs: 1. Switching fabric unit [SFU] 2. Multiplexer unit [MUX] 3. A2SU, AAL2 Switching Unit Switching and multiplexing FUs

51. RNC function units (FUs) • Functions: 1. Serves as the main switch fabric of the network element 2. Supports both point to point and point to multipoint connection topologies • Redundancy: 2N • Type: Switching fabric • Plug-in unit: SF20H, SF10E, SF10 • Capacity: 10 Gbit/s • Interfaces: ATM interfaces to: 1. NI4S1 network interfaces 2. Low-bit-rate network interfaces and control computers (via MXUs) 3. OMU from the unit computer of SFU (for OAM purposes and 4. software uploads, via MXUs) Management, control computer and data processing FUs 2.1 SFU (Switching fabric unit )

52. RNC function units (FUs) Management, control computer and data processing FUs 2.1 SFU (Switching fabric unit )

53. RNC function units (FUs) • The MXU units enable connection of the low-to-medium bit-rate signal processing units and computer units, as well as low-bit-rate network interface units, to the ATM switch fabric by performing the multiplexing and demultiplexing of ATM cells and perform ATM layer management, processing functions such as header translation, UPC/NPC parameter control, OAM functions, traffic management, performance monitoring and collection of performance data • Functions: 1. Multiplexes traffic from the various tributary units to the ATM SFU 2. Allows for the efficient usage of switching resources for the low bit rate NIUs 3. Allows for the efficient usage of computer units with small Management, control computer and data processing FUs 2.2 MXU (Multiplexing unit )

54. RNC function units (FUs) • Redundancy: 2N • Type: Multiplexer unit • Plug-in unit: MX1G6-A / MX1G6 / MX622-D / MX622-C / MX622-B • ATM Multiplexer plug-in unit 622 Mbit/s • Capacity: 622 Mbit/s • Interfaces: ATM interfaces to: 1. SFU switching block 2. Control computer units (including DMCU) 3. Network interfaces 4. A2SU 5. Connection between the passive MXU via the active one to OMU (for OAM purposes) Management, control computer and data processing FUs 2.2 MXU (Multiplexing unit )

55. RNC function units (FUs) Management, control computer and data processing FUs 2.2 MXU (Multiplexing unit )

56. RNC function units (FUs) • A2SU unit handles the ATM adaptation layer type 2, AAL2, switching. A2SU is an AAL type 2 CPS mini-packet switching unit, which is used in association with the Multiplexing Unit (MXU) for facilitating connections between the main Switch Fabric (SFU) and the low-to-moderate bit-rate units (computer units, signal processing units and low-bit-rate network interface units). • Redundancy: SN+ • Type: Signal processing unit • Plug-in unit: AL2S-D / AL2S-B • Interfaces: ATM interface to MXU Management, control computer and data processing FUs 2.3 A2SU, AAL2 Switching Unit

57. RNC function units (FUs) Management, control computer and data processing FUs 2.3 A2SU, AAL2 Switching Unit

58. RNC function units (FUs) • Responsible for connecting the RNC with the other N.Es (SGSN, MSC, RNC, etc..) by executing physical and ATM layers functions • Functions: 1. Buffer management and scheduling 2. Policing and statistics • One network interface unit may have more than one physical interface, each interface can be configured to be used as an Iu, Iub, or Iur interface. • Unlike the previously mentioned two FUs category, the network interface FUs are optional units and their configuration (type and number of used of FUs) differs from operator to another depending on the RNC configuration Network interface FUs

59. RNC function units (FUs) Below are the 4 different FUs used in interfacing the RNC with the other N.Es: 1.NIP1 (Network Interface Unit PDH) 2.NIS1 / NIS1P (Network Interface Unit STM-1) 3.NPS1 / NPS1P 4.NPGE / NPGEP Network interface FUs

60. RNC function units (FUs) • Functions: 1. Provides up to 16 PDH interfaces which are usually used to connect the RNC with the NDBs • Redundancy: None • Type: Interface unit • Plug-in unit: NI16P1A • Capacity: 16 electrical PDH interfaces which configured with capacity E1s or T1s • Interfaces: ATM interface to MXU Network interface FUs 3.1 NIP1 (Network Interface Unit PDH)

61. RNC function units (FUs) Network interface FUs 3.1 NIP1 (Network Interface Unit PDH)

62. RNC function units (FUs) • Functions: 1. Provides up to 4 SDH interfaces • Redundancy: 1. NIS1: None 2. NISP: 2N • Type: Interface unit • Plug-in unit: NI4S1-B • Capacity: 4 physical SDH STM-1 interfaces, with a bandwidth of 155,52 Mbit/s for each • Interfaces: ATM interface to SFU Network interface FUs 3.2 NIS1/NISP (Network Interface Unit SDH)

63. RNC function units (FUs) Network interface FUs 3.2 NIS1/NISP (Network Interface Unit SDH)

64. RNC function units (FUs) • Functions: 1. Provides up to 8 STM-1/ 2 STM-4 SDH interfaces • Redundancy: 1. NPS1: None 2. NPS1P: 2N • Type: Interface unit • Plug-in unit: NP8S1, NPS1-B • Capacity: 1. 8 physical SDH STM-1 interfaces with a bandwidth of 155,52 Mbit/s for each 2. 2 physical SDH STM-1 interfaces with a bandwidth of 622,08 Mbit/s for each • Interfaces: ATM interface to SFU Network interface FUs 3.3 NPS1/NPS1P (Network Interface Unit SDH)

65. RNC function units (FUs) Network interface FUs 3.3 NPS1/NPS1P (Network Interface Unit SDH)

66. RNC function units (FUs) • Functions: 1. Provides up to 4 Ethernet interfaces • Redundancy: 1. NPGE: None 2. NPGEP: 2N • Type: Interface unit • Plug-in unit: NP8S1, NPS1-B • Capacity: • Two 1000Base-LX/T (optical or electrical) Gigabit Ethernet interfaces and two 10/100 Base-T (electrical) Fast Ethernet interfaces • Interfaces: ATM interface to SFU Network interface FUs 3.4 NPGE/NPGEP (Network Interface Unit SDH)

67. RNC function units (FUs) Network interface FUs 3.4 NPGE/NPGEP (Network Interface Unit SDH)

68. RNC function units (FUs) • TBU (Timing and hardware BUS unit) • PDS (Power distribution sub-system) Timing, power distribution and hardware management FUs

69. RNC function units (FUs) • Functions: 1. RNC synchronization with other N.Es 2. Timing and synchronization distribution between the RNC FUs • The system functionalities are distributed over two FUs: 1. TSS3/-A (Timing and synchronization, SDH stratum 3) 2. TBFU (Timing buffer unit ) Timing, power distribution and hardware management FUs 3.1 TBU (Timing and hardware BUS unit)

70. RNC function units (FUs) • Functions: 1. RNC synchronization with other N.Es 2. Timing and synchronization distribution between the RNC FUs • The system functionalities are distributed over two FUs: 1. TSS3/-A (Timing and synchronization, SDH stratum 3) 2. TBFU (Timing buffer unit ) Timing, power distribution and hardware management FUs 3.1 TBU (Timing and hardware BUS unit)

71. RNC function units (FUs) • Has two mode of operation, free run and external source, in the free mode the FU generates its internal clock while in the external source, the FU synchronizes its local oscillator to an external source clock • Receives the external clock and distributed it to all the FUs and the TBFU to be distributed it to the FUs that are not directly connected to the TSS3 FU • Redundancy: 2N (Two units installed at sub-rack-1 and subrack-2) • Type: Sub-unit to TBU • Plug-in unit: TSS3/-A (-A is the newer version) • Interfaces: 1. Three line inputs (from STM-1 or PDH lines) 2. Two external inputs (2048 kbit/s, 2048 kHz, 64+8 kHz, 1544 kHz, or 1544 kbit/s (TSS3-A)) 3. Eight outputs to cabinet timing buses 4. One output to subrack timing bus 5. One external timing output (2048 kHz, 2048 kbit/s (TSS3-A), 1544 kHz (TSS3-A), or 1544 kbit/s (TSS3-A) Timing, power distribution and hardware management FUs 3.1 TBU (Timing and hardware BUS unit) A) TSS3/-A (Timing and synchronization, SDH stratum 3)

72. RNC function units (FUs) Timing, power distribution and hardware management FUs 3.1 TBU (Timing and hardware BUS unit) A) TSS3/-A (Timing and synchronization, SDH stratum 3)

73. RNC function units (FUs) • Receives the clock from the TSS3 and distributes it to the FUs that are not directly connected to the TSS3 FU • Redundancy: 2N (Unit per each sub-rack and each two units is called a pair) • Type: Sub-unit to TBU • Plug-in unit: TBUF • Interfaces: 1. One input from TSS3/-A or another TBUF 2. One output to sub-rack timing bus 3. One output to another TBUF Timing, power distribution and hardware management FUs 3.1 TBU (Timing and hardware BUS unit) B) TBFU (Timing buffer unit)

74. RNC function units (FUs) Timing, power distribution and hardware management FUs 3.1 TBU (Timing and hardware BUS unit) B) TBFU (Timing buffer unit)

75. RNC function units (FUs) Timing, power distribution and hardware management FUs 3.1 TBU (Timing and hardware BUS unit) • Below figure shows the RNC TBU redundancy with different RNC configuration types: • N.B. Each line represents a TBU bus which starts (green dot) from the TSS3 and terminates at TBFU.

76. RNC function units (FUs) • The power distribution sub-system consists from CD120-A (cabinet power distributor 120 A, which provides the power to 4 sub-racks through 4 PD30 PIU 30 A • Each cabinet has one CD-210-A and 4 PD30 PIUs (one per each sub-rack) • Functions: 1. Provides the RNC with -48 v from the site power source 2. Filter the DC ripples and protect the RNC against the power source problems fluctuation, short CCT, etc.. Timing, power distribution and hardware management FUs 3.2 PDS (Power distribution sub-system)

77. RNC function units (FUs) Timing, power distribution and hardware management FUs 3.2 PDS (Power distribution sub-system)

78. RNC function units (FUs) • Below diagram shows the power distribution/redundancy of the RNC cabinet Timing, power distribution and hardware management FUs 3.2 PDS (Power distribution sub-system)

79. RNC function units (FUs) • Below figure shows the PIUs configuration at the 2600 RNC FIUs redundancy and PIUs summary

80. RNC function units (FUs) • Below figure shows the PIUs configuration at the 450 RNC FIUs redundancy and PIUs summary

81. RNC function units (FUs) • The IPA-2800 mixes different redundancy techniques to ensure the RNC smooth operation and minimize the traffic loss in case of any hardware failure, below table shows each unit available redundancy configuration FIUs redundancy and PIUs summary RNC function unit Redundancy configuration Available PIUs Number (RNC- 2600/450 ) Slots (RNC-2600) Slots (RNC-450) RSMU 2N 2 * CCP10/2 * CCP18-A/2 * CCP18-C 2/2 PIUs Slot4 at subracks 1 & 2 Slot8 at subracks 1 & 2 MXU 2N 2 * MX622-B/2 * MX662-C/2 * MX622-D/2 * MX1G6-A 2/2 PIUs per subrack Slots 9 & 11 per subrack same as RNC 2600 OMU 2N 2 * CCP10/2 * CCP18-A 2/2 PIUs Slot 16 at subrack 1 & 2 same as RNC 2600

82. RNC function units (FUs) FIUs redundancy and PIUs summary RNC function unit Redundancy configuration Available PIUs Number (RNC- 2600/450) Slots (RNC-2600) Slots (RNC-450) SFU 2N 2 * SF10/2 * SF10E/2 * SF20H 2/2 PIUs Slots 1 & 2 at subrack 1 & 2 same as RNC 2600 TBU 2N 2 * TSS3/2 *TSS3- A and 4-8 * TBUF 14/14 PIUs Slot 19 per subrack, one per each subrack for the first two and two per subrack for the other subracks same as RNC 2600 WDU/HDD 2N WDW18/WDW18 - S/WDW36/WDW 73/WDW147 2/2 PIUs Slots 14 & 15 at subrack 1 & 2 Slots 14 & 15 at subrack 1 & 2

83. RNC function units (FUs) FIUs redundancy and PIUs summary RNC function unit Redund ancy configur ation Available PIUs Number (RNC- 2600/450) Slots (RNC-2600) Slots (RNC-450) ICSU N+1 CCP10/CCP18- A/CCP18-C 38/24 PIUs Subrack 1 slot 3 Subrack 2 slots 3 & 6 Subrack 3 slots 1 to 4 & 14 Subracks 5 to 8 at slots 1 to 5 & slot 14 Slots 7,17 & 18 at subrack 1 & 2 Slots 3,4 & 5 at subracks 3 to 8 DMCU SN+ CDSP-C/CDSP-DH 38/44 PIUs Slots 6,7,8,12 and 13 per subrack excpet the first two where slot 6 is used for ICSU PIUs Slots 3 & 4 at subrack 1 & 2 Slots 1,2,6,7,8,13 & 14 at subracks 3 & 4 Slots 2,6,7,8,13,14 & 15 at subrack 5,7 & 8 Slots 2,7,8,13 & 14 at subrak 6

84. RNC function units (FUs) FIUs redundancy and PIUs summary RNC function unit Redundancy configuratio n Available PIUs Number (RNC- 2600/450) Slots (RNC-2600) Slots (RNC-450) PD-30 No redundancy PD-30 8 PIUs Slot 10 per subrack same as RNC 2600 OMS No redundancy MCP18-B 1 PIU subrack 1 slot 6 same as RNC 2600 SWU 2N (Optional) 1 * ESA12/1-2 * ESA24 2/2 PIUs Slot 5 at subrack 1 & 2 same as RNC 2600

85. RNC function units (FUs) FIUs redundancy and PIUs summary RNC function unit Redundancy configuratio n Available PIUs Number (RNC- 2600/450) Slots (RNC-2600) Slots (RNC-450) NIP1 No redundancy NI16P1A Dependin g on the traffic type Slots 17 & 18 at subracks 1 & 2 and slots 15 to 18 at the other subracks Slots 15,17 & 18 at subracks 3 & 4 Slots 1,17 & 18 at subracks 5 to 8 NIS1 No redundancy NI4S1-B NIS1P 2N 2 * NI4S1-B

86. RNC function units (FUs) FIUs redundancy and PIUs summary RNC function unit Redundancy configuratio n Available PIUs Number Slots Slots NPGE No redundancy NP2GE-B Dependin g on the traffic type Slots 17 & 18 at subracks 1 & 2 and slots 15 to 18 at the other subracks Slots 15,17 & 18 at subracks 3 & 4 Slots 1,17 & 18 at subracks 5 to 8 NPGEP 2N 2 * NP2GE-B NPS1 No redundancy NP8S1-B NPS1P 2N 2 * NP8S1-B

87. RNC function units (FUs) FIUs redundancy and PIUs summary RNC function unit Redundancy configuration Available PIUs Number (RNC- 2600/450) Slots (RNC-2600) Slots (RNC-450) EHU No redundancy EHAT 1/1 PIU Subrack 3 slot 5 Subrack 2 slot 15 A2SU (RNC 450 only) N+1 AL2S-B/AL2SD 0/8 PIUs N/A 1 per each subrack at slot 12 except at subrack 1, two units are installed at slots 12 & 12 GPTU (RNC 450 only) SN+ CCP10/CCP18- A, /CCP18-C 0/7 PIUs N/A Subrack 2 slot 6 Subrack 3, 4, 5,7 & 8 at slot 16 Subrack 6 at slots 15 and 16

88. THANK YOU