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Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                 www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012




Strategic Planning
                       Basic Concepts


           Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
          ***********************

                                      1
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                 www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012




Strategic Planning

  “If you fail to plan, you plan to fail.”



                                      2
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                    www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012



                 Strategic planning
A process where an organization envisions its future and
       develops strategies to achieve that vision.

                              Strategies
    Broad, directional statements describing how an
      organization will respond to its challenges and
opportunities in order to achieve its vision of the future.
                                         3
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                   www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012



            Levels of Planning

 Top-level managers: Strategic planning

 Middle-level managers: Tactical planning

 Lower-level managers: Operational planning




                                        4
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012




                                     5
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                    www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012

ž

                       Hierarchy of Goals and Plans




                                         6
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                   www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012




                          ž Strategic Planning:
  ž A set of procedures for making decisions about the
        organization’s long-term goals and strategies.
                             ž Strategic goal:
ž major targets or end results relating to the organization’s
               long-term survival, value and growth.
                                 ž Strategy:
ž A pattern of actions and resource allocations designed to
                  achieve the organization’s goals.

                                        7
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                     www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012



        ž   The benefits of strategic planning.
                                           ž

❑ Motivating staff and volunteers.
❑ Building a planning team with a common vision.
❑ Confronting key issues and solving problems.
❑ Defining roles and responsibilities.
❑ Challenging the status quo.

                                       ž

                                           8
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                     www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


                            ž
        ž      limitations of strategic planning
❑ Strategic planning can be costly
❑ Not every organization is ready for strategic
    planning.
❑ The language, terminology, and conceptual
    requirements associated with strategic planning
    are sometimes made too complex or difficult to be
    useful to staff or the organization as a whole.
                                          9
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                  www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012



ž Steps in the strategic planning process.




                                      11
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                      www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


ž Steps in the strategic planning process.

STEP A: Analyze the shared values and experiences of staff
and board. Plan a meeting or workshop to facilitate strategic
planning.
STEP B: Review and update or prepare a Mission Statement for
the organization.
STEP C: Analyze the organization’s external environment
(“PEST” – political, economic, social, and technological factors)
and internal environment (resources or inputs, processes, and
performance or outputs).




                                          11
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                       www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


ž Steps in the strategic planning process.
STEP D: Conduct a SWOT analysis (assessing the
organization’s internal strengths and weaknesses, and its external
opportunities and threats).
STEP E: Create smaller groups for more in-depth planning activities in
key areas.
STEP F: Review the organization’s existing strategic plan (if there is one)
to identify aspects of the plan that are still strategic, those that are no
longer strategic due to changing environments, and gaps or new
issues that should be addressed in a revised plan.
STEP G: Outline a vision of where the organization should be
three to five years from today (the “vision of success”).
STEP H: Identify the strategic issues facing the organization.



                                           12
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                       www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


ž Steps in the strategic planning process.

STEP I: Formulate goals and strategic objectives to address
major issues facing the organization and ensure its longer term
growth and sustainability.
STEP J: Develop work plans showing specific activities, persons
responsible, resources needed, and indicators by which
performance will be measured.
STEP K: Identify next steps for resource mobilization and create a
sustainability and financial plan that costs activities and outlines
approaches for generating sufficient revenue or funding.



                                           13
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                       www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


ž Steps in the strategic planning process.
STEP L: Prepare the written detailed five-year strategic plan (mission
statement, environmental or situational analyses, strategic issues,
goals and strategic objectives, activities plans, sustainability and
financial plans, monitoring and evaluation procedures or cycles)
STEP M: Seek ratification and disseminate the plan to staff,
stakeholders, and potential donors, using this as an opportunity to
market the organization or to build useful working relationships and
coalitions.
STEP N: Implement and institutionalize the plan as a basis for
setting performance standards, decision making, planning,
monitoring, and resource mobilization and allocation. Use and
review the plan systematically, updating or revising it after two or
three years, if needed.


                                           14
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012




                                    15
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                 www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012




    Establish
a mission, vision,
   and goals

                                     16
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                      www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012



                           1- Mission
   Clear and concise expression of the
         organization’s basic purpose

                     Mission Statement
 A written declaration of an organization's core purpose and
focus that normally remains unchanged over time. A mission
  statement defines what an organization is - its reason for
     being. It answers the question, "Why do we exist?"

                                          17
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                   www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


       Microsoft’s Mission Statement
“We work to help people and businesses
 throughout the world to realize their full
               potential.”


                                Values
Values define the organization’s character.

                                       18
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                 www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012




     2- VISION
If you can’t see it,
you won’t reach it.
                                     19
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                     www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012




                                Vision
                       Vision Statement
 An aspirational description of what an organization would
 like to achieve or accomplish in the mid-term or long-term
    future; intended to serve as a clear guide for choosing
              current and future courses of action.
A vision statement answers the question, “Where do we
                     want to go?”
                                         21
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                   www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012




Vision means future – think in terms of 3 to 5 years.
        What does the organization look like –
                        5 years from now?
         Write it down using the present tense
                              Our Vision
            What are we working towards?


                                       21
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                 www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012




  3- Strategic goals ž
                                      ž
Evolve from the organization’s ž
     mission and vision.

                                     22
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                     www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


ž




    Situational Analysis ž
             &ž
       S.W.O.T Analysis ž
                                         23
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                        www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012



                                             ž
                Situational Analysis ž
 ž


Situational analysis: a process planners use, within time ž
     and resources constraints, to gather, interpret, and
summarize all information relevant to the planning issue
                          under consideration.


                                            24
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                     www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012



                 ž S.W.O.T Analysis
SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities,                            ž
                      and threats.
By definition, Strengths (S) and Weaknesses (W) are ž
    considered to be internal factors over which the
    organization has some measure of control, while
 Opportunities (O) and Threats (T) are considered to be
external factors over which it essentially has no control.
ž


                                         25
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                    www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012



Analyze Eternal opportunities ž
         and threats
           žConduct environmental “scans”...
      ž   Analyze the organization’s external
          environment (“PEST” – political,
ž     economic, social, and technological factors)
             and internal environment
     (resources or inputs, processes, and ž
           performance or outputs)

                                        26
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                    www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


     Conducting a SWOT analysis...
 Assessing the organization’s internal strengths
and weaknesses, and its external opportunities ž
                           and threats)..

Strengths and weaknesses refer to the internal
organizational environment.
Opportunities and threats are external to the
organization.


                                        27
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                       www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012



                   Strategic Objectives
Strategic Objectives describe the tactics you will use and the work
you will do to achieve the desired results.


This often involves selecting the alternatives that is the most cost
effective and feasible given the organization’s SWOT analysis, and
that is likely to advance the goals of the organization.




                                           28
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                       www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012

Operational or strategic plan objectives should be

                                 SMART :
  Specific – to avoid differing interpretations

  Measurable – to allow monitoring and evaluation

  Appropriate – to the problems, goals, and strategic objectives
  and intended results

  Realistic – achievable, challenging, and meaningful

  Time bound – with specific time frames for completion
                                           29
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                   www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


         The Remaining Steps…

Implementing,
Disseminating,
Revising,
and Evaluating the Plan


                                       31
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012




         "V-MOSA"

                                    31
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples                           Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                   www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat                          18-12-2012




              "VMOSA"
(Vision, Mission, Objectives, Strategies, and Action Plans)
                                         By Community Tool Box

                  We encourage reproduction of this material, but ask that you credit the
                                Community Tool Box: http://ctb.ku.edu




                                                    32
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                     www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


                  1. Vision (the dream)
Your vision communicates what your organization
believes are the ideal conditions for your
community –

This dream is generally described by one or more
phrases or vision statements, which convey the
community's dreams for the future.


                                         33
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                     www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


By developing a vision statement, your organization
makes the beliefs and governing principles of your
organization clear to the greater community (as well
as to your own staff, participants, and volunteers).

There are certain characteristics that most vision
statements have in common.




                                         34
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                      www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


In general, vision statements should be:
   Understood and shared by members of the
    community
   Broad enough to encompass a variety of local
    perspectives
   Inspiring and uplifting to everyone involved in
    your effort
   Easy to communicate - for example, they should
    be short enough to fit on a T-shirt



                                          35
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                       www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


Here are a few vision statements which meet the
above criteria:
    Healthy children
    Safe streets, safe neighborhoods
    Every house a home
    Education for all
    Peace on earth




                                           36
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                     www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


       2. Mission (the what and why)
Developing mission statements are the next step in
the action planning process. An organization's
mission statement describes what the group is
going to do, and why it's going to do that. Mission
statements are similar to vision statements, but
they're more concrete, and they are definitely more
"action-oriented" than vision statements.

                                         37
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                      www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


The mission might refer to a problem, such as an
inadequate housing, or a goal, such as providing
access to health care for everyone. And, while they
don't go into a lot of detail, they start to hint - very
broadly - at how your organization might go about
fixing the problems it has noted.




                                          38
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                      www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


    Some general guiding principles about mission
           statements are that they are:
   Concise. Although not as short a phrase as a
    vision statement, a mission statement should still
    get its point across in one sentence.
   Outcome-oriented. Mission statements explain
    the overarching outcomes your organization is
    working to achieve.
   Inclusive. While mission statements do make
    statements about your group's overarching

                                          39
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                       www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


   The following mission statements are examples
    that meet the above criteria.
   "To promote child health and development
    through a comprehensive family and community
    initiative."
   "To develop a safe and healthy neighborhood
    through collaborative planning, community
    action, and policy advocacy."


                                           41
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                     www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


3. Objectives (how much of what will be
        accomplished by when)
Once an organization has developed its mission
statement, its next step is to develop the specific
objectives that are focused on achieving that
mission.

Objectives refer to specific measurable results for
the initiative's broad goals.

                                         41
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                     www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


An organization's objectives generally lay out how
much of what will be accomplished by when.

For example, one of several objectives for a
community initiative to promote care and caring for
older adults might be:

"By 2015 (by when), to increase by 20% (how much)
those elders reporting that they are in daily contact
with someone who cares about them (of what)."

                                         42
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                       www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


Examples of objectives include:
   By December 2010, to increase by 30% parent
    engagement (i.e., talking, playing, reading) with
    children under 2 years of age. (Behavioral objective)
   By 2012, to have made a 40% increase in youth
    graduating from high school. (Community -level
    outcome objective)
   By December of this year, implement the
    volunteer training program for all volunteers.
    (Process objective)




                                           43
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                     www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


                4. Strategies (the how)
Strategies explain how the initiative will reach its
objectives. Generally, organizations will have a wide
variety of strategies that include people from all of
the different parts, or sectors, of the community.
These strategies range from the very broad, which
encompass people and resources from many



                                         44
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                       www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


different parts of the community, to the very
specific, which aim at carefully defined areas.

Five types of specific strategies can help guide
most interventions. They are:

    Providing information and enhancing skills .
    Enhancing services and support
    Modify access, barriers, and opportunities
    Change the consequences of efforts
    Modify policies .
                                           45
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                     www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


5. Action plan (what change will happen;
   who will do what by when to make it
                happen )
Finally, an organization's action plan describes in
great detail exactly how strategies will be
implemented to accomplish the objectives
developed earlier in this process.



                                         46
Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples    Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat
                       www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat   18-12-2012


Action steps are developed for each component of
the intervention or (community and systems)
changes to be sought. These include:
    Action step(s): What will happen
    Person(s) responsible: Who will do what
    Date to be completed: Timing of each action step
    Resources required: Resources and support
     (both what is needed and what's available )
    Barriers or resistance, and a plan to overcome
     them!
    Collaborators: Who else should know about this
                          action .

                                           47

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Strategic planning التخطيط الاستراتيجي

  • 1. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Strategic Planning Basic Concepts Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat *********************** 1
  • 2. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Strategic Planning “If you fail to plan, you plan to fail.” 2
  • 3. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Strategic planning A process where an organization envisions its future and develops strategies to achieve that vision. Strategies Broad, directional statements describing how an organization will respond to its challenges and opportunities in order to achieve its vision of the future. 3
  • 4. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Levels of Planning  Top-level managers: Strategic planning  Middle-level managers: Tactical planning  Lower-level managers: Operational planning 4
  • 5. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 5
  • 6. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 ž Hierarchy of Goals and Plans 6
  • 7. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 ž Strategic Planning: ž A set of procedures for making decisions about the organization’s long-term goals and strategies. ž Strategic goal: ž major targets or end results relating to the organization’s long-term survival, value and growth. ž Strategy: ž A pattern of actions and resource allocations designed to achieve the organization’s goals. 7
  • 8. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 ž The benefits of strategic planning. ž ❑ Motivating staff and volunteers. ❑ Building a planning team with a common vision. ❑ Confronting key issues and solving problems. ❑ Defining roles and responsibilities. ❑ Challenging the status quo. ž 8
  • 9. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 ž ž limitations of strategic planning ❑ Strategic planning can be costly ❑ Not every organization is ready for strategic planning. ❑ The language, terminology, and conceptual requirements associated with strategic planning are sometimes made too complex or difficult to be useful to staff or the organization as a whole. 9
  • 10. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 ž Steps in the strategic planning process. 11
  • 11. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 ž Steps in the strategic planning process. STEP A: Analyze the shared values and experiences of staff and board. Plan a meeting or workshop to facilitate strategic planning. STEP B: Review and update or prepare a Mission Statement for the organization. STEP C: Analyze the organization’s external environment (“PEST” – political, economic, social, and technological factors) and internal environment (resources or inputs, processes, and performance or outputs). 11
  • 12. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 ž Steps in the strategic planning process. STEP D: Conduct a SWOT analysis (assessing the organization’s internal strengths and weaknesses, and its external opportunities and threats). STEP E: Create smaller groups for more in-depth planning activities in key areas. STEP F: Review the organization’s existing strategic plan (if there is one) to identify aspects of the plan that are still strategic, those that are no longer strategic due to changing environments, and gaps or new issues that should be addressed in a revised plan. STEP G: Outline a vision of where the organization should be three to five years from today (the “vision of success”). STEP H: Identify the strategic issues facing the organization. 12
  • 13. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 ž Steps in the strategic planning process. STEP I: Formulate goals and strategic objectives to address major issues facing the organization and ensure its longer term growth and sustainability. STEP J: Develop work plans showing specific activities, persons responsible, resources needed, and indicators by which performance will be measured. STEP K: Identify next steps for resource mobilization and create a sustainability and financial plan that costs activities and outlines approaches for generating sufficient revenue or funding. 13
  • 14. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 ž Steps in the strategic planning process. STEP L: Prepare the written detailed five-year strategic plan (mission statement, environmental or situational analyses, strategic issues, goals and strategic objectives, activities plans, sustainability and financial plans, monitoring and evaluation procedures or cycles) STEP M: Seek ratification and disseminate the plan to staff, stakeholders, and potential donors, using this as an opportunity to market the organization or to build useful working relationships and coalitions. STEP N: Implement and institutionalize the plan as a basis for setting performance standards, decision making, planning, monitoring, and resource mobilization and allocation. Use and review the plan systematically, updating or revising it after two or three years, if needed. 14
  • 15. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 15
  • 16. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Establish a mission, vision, and goals 16
  • 17. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 1- Mission Clear and concise expression of the organization’s basic purpose Mission Statement A written declaration of an organization's core purpose and focus that normally remains unchanged over time. A mission statement defines what an organization is - its reason for being. It answers the question, "Why do we exist?" 17
  • 18. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Microsoft’s Mission Statement “We work to help people and businesses throughout the world to realize their full potential.” Values Values define the organization’s character. 18
  • 19. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 2- VISION If you can’t see it, you won’t reach it. 19
  • 20. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Vision Vision Statement An aspirational description of what an organization would like to achieve or accomplish in the mid-term or long-term future; intended to serve as a clear guide for choosing current and future courses of action. A vision statement answers the question, “Where do we want to go?” 21
  • 21. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Vision means future – think in terms of 3 to 5 years. What does the organization look like – 5 years from now? Write it down using the present tense Our Vision What are we working towards? 21
  • 22. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 3- Strategic goals ž ž Evolve from the organization’s ž mission and vision. 22
  • 23. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 ž Situational Analysis ž &ž S.W.O.T Analysis ž 23
  • 24. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 ž Situational Analysis ž ž Situational analysis: a process planners use, within time ž and resources constraints, to gather, interpret, and summarize all information relevant to the planning issue under consideration. 24
  • 25. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 ž S.W.O.T Analysis SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, ž and threats. By definition, Strengths (S) and Weaknesses (W) are ž considered to be internal factors over which the organization has some measure of control, while Opportunities (O) and Threats (T) are considered to be external factors over which it essentially has no control. ž 25
  • 26. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Analyze Eternal opportunities ž and threats žConduct environmental “scans”... ž Analyze the organization’s external environment (“PEST” – political, ž economic, social, and technological factors) and internal environment (resources or inputs, processes, and ž performance or outputs) 26
  • 27. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Conducting a SWOT analysis... Assessing the organization’s internal strengths and weaknesses, and its external opportunities ž and threats).. Strengths and weaknesses refer to the internal organizational environment. Opportunities and threats are external to the organization. 27
  • 28. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Strategic Objectives Strategic Objectives describe the tactics you will use and the work you will do to achieve the desired results. This often involves selecting the alternatives that is the most cost effective and feasible given the organization’s SWOT analysis, and that is likely to advance the goals of the organization. 28
  • 29. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Operational or strategic plan objectives should be SMART :  Specific – to avoid differing interpretations  Measurable – to allow monitoring and evaluation  Appropriate – to the problems, goals, and strategic objectives  and intended results  Realistic – achievable, challenging, and meaningful  Time bound – with specific time frames for completion 29
  • 30. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 The Remaining Steps… Implementing, Disseminating, Revising, and Evaluating the Plan 31
  • 31. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 "V-MOSA" 31
  • 32. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 "VMOSA" (Vision, Mission, Objectives, Strategies, and Action Plans) By Community Tool Box We encourage reproduction of this material, but ask that you credit the Community Tool Box: http://ctb.ku.edu 32
  • 33. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 1. Vision (the dream) Your vision communicates what your organization believes are the ideal conditions for your community – This dream is generally described by one or more phrases or vision statements, which convey the community's dreams for the future. 33
  • 34. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 By developing a vision statement, your organization makes the beliefs and governing principles of your organization clear to the greater community (as well as to your own staff, participants, and volunteers). There are certain characteristics that most vision statements have in common. 34
  • 35. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 In general, vision statements should be:  Understood and shared by members of the community  Broad enough to encompass a variety of local perspectives  Inspiring and uplifting to everyone involved in your effort  Easy to communicate - for example, they should be short enough to fit on a T-shirt 35
  • 36. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Here are a few vision statements which meet the above criteria:  Healthy children  Safe streets, safe neighborhoods  Every house a home  Education for all  Peace on earth 36
  • 37. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 2. Mission (the what and why) Developing mission statements are the next step in the action planning process. An organization's mission statement describes what the group is going to do, and why it's going to do that. Mission statements are similar to vision statements, but they're more concrete, and they are definitely more "action-oriented" than vision statements. 37
  • 38. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 The mission might refer to a problem, such as an inadequate housing, or a goal, such as providing access to health care for everyone. And, while they don't go into a lot of detail, they start to hint - very broadly - at how your organization might go about fixing the problems it has noted. 38
  • 39. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Some general guiding principles about mission statements are that they are:  Concise. Although not as short a phrase as a vision statement, a mission statement should still get its point across in one sentence.  Outcome-oriented. Mission statements explain the overarching outcomes your organization is working to achieve.  Inclusive. While mission statements do make statements about your group's overarching 39
  • 40. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012  The following mission statements are examples that meet the above criteria.  "To promote child health and development through a comprehensive family and community initiative."  "To develop a safe and healthy neighborhood through collaborative planning, community action, and policy advocacy." 41
  • 41. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 3. Objectives (how much of what will be accomplished by when) Once an organization has developed its mission statement, its next step is to develop the specific objectives that are focused on achieving that mission. Objectives refer to specific measurable results for the initiative's broad goals. 41
  • 42. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 An organization's objectives generally lay out how much of what will be accomplished by when. For example, one of several objectives for a community initiative to promote care and caring for older adults might be: "By 2015 (by when), to increase by 20% (how much) those elders reporting that they are in daily contact with someone who cares about them (of what)." 42
  • 43. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Examples of objectives include:  By December 2010, to increase by 30% parent engagement (i.e., talking, playing, reading) with children under 2 years of age. (Behavioral objective)  By 2012, to have made a 40% increase in youth graduating from high school. (Community -level outcome objective)  By December of this year, implement the volunteer training program for all volunteers. (Process objective) 43
  • 44. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 4. Strategies (the how) Strategies explain how the initiative will reach its objectives. Generally, organizations will have a wide variety of strategies that include people from all of the different parts, or sectors, of the community. These strategies range from the very broad, which encompass people and resources from many 44
  • 45. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 different parts of the community, to the very specific, which aim at carefully defined areas. Five types of specific strategies can help guide most interventions. They are:  Providing information and enhancing skills .  Enhancing services and support  Modify access, barriers, and opportunities  Change the consequences of efforts  Modify policies . 45
  • 46. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 5. Action plan (what change will happen; who will do what by when to make it happen ) Finally, an organization's action plan describes in great detail exactly how strategies will be implemented to accomplish the objectives developed earlier in this process. 46
  • 47. Strategic Planning: Basic Concepts & examples Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat www.SlideShare.Net/AhmedRefat 18-12-2012 Action steps are developed for each component of the intervention or (community and systems) changes to be sought. These include:  Action step(s): What will happen  Person(s) responsible: Who will do what  Date to be completed: Timing of each action step  Resources required: Resources and support (both what is needed and what's available )  Barriers or resistance, and a plan to overcome them!  Collaborators: Who else should know about this action . 47