Open science and web scholarly communication Using Web 2.0 to increase researcher’s ranking Academic Social Networks (types, services) Question & Answer service Sharing your research output through ASN Researcher measurement (h-index, RG score) ASN and researchers’ concerns

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Academic Social Networks and Researcher
Ranking
Prof. Amany Elsayed
Head of Information science Department
amany.m.elsayed@arts.helwan.edu.eg
amany03@gmail.com

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Workshop topics:
• Open science and web scholarly communication
• Using Web 2.0 to increase researcher’s ranking
• Academic Social Networks (types, services)
• Question & Answer service
• Sharing your research output through ASN
• Researcher measurement (h-index, RG score)
• ASN and researchers’ concerns

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• What methods do you use as a researcher to communicate
with other researchers in your Field?
• How to get a copy of another researcher's paper that is not
available on the Internet or in databases?
• How do you share your research paper with other
researchers?
• If you have a research question ... where do you look for the
answer?
Common Questions

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Scholarly Communication
• “The system through which research and other scholarly
writings are created, evaluated for quality, disseminated to
the scholarly community, and preserved for future use.”
(American Library Assoc.).

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In the past

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Today

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What happened?
Change will happen. The question is just
when and how?

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Open science
Open Science is the practice of
science in such a way that others
can collaborate and contribute,
where research data, lab notes and
other research processes are
freely available, under terms that
enable reuse, redistribution and
reproduction of the research.
Source: https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/foster-taxonomy/open-science-definition

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Open science
The free science revolution led to the emergence of what are
known as open science communities' Academic social networks
are one of the types of these free societies, and the main driver
of this type of network is the "researcher" himself Reducing the
control of commercial publishers over the scientific
communication system.

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Science 2.0

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internet
creation
Publication
dissemination
reformulation
scholars are beginning
to exploit the power of
the Web

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New Era of scholarly Communication
repositories e-journals
Data sharing Blogging
preprints

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Academic social networks (ASN)

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What is ASN?
is a specialized platform designed for
researchers to create their own profiles,
upload their publications, find collaborators,
and communicate with each other. It is
considered as a new channel of interaction
between researchers in the era of cyber
science.

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Functions
Main functions:
• Find researchers or experts, be more visible (profile)
• Find relevant documents
• Disseminate your publications
• Create a network followings/followers
• Discuss topics

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Functions
Secondary functions:
• Find a job (contact with companies or job offers) •
Manage and share bibliography
• Exchange with the intermediary of groups/communities or
with people sharing the same interest : topics, skills
expertise
• Evaluate or discuss document : Open peer-review,
annotation
• Share information (Questions/answer) •

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The Academic Network
write
write
cite
cite
cite
write
write
write
cite
Write
publish
publish
publish
publish
publish
publish
write
write
coauthor coauthor
Dr. Tang
Limin
Prof. Wang
Prof. Li
SVM...
Association...
Tree CRF...
Semantic...
EOS... Annotation...
IJCAI
ISWC
WWW
Pc member
Academic Network
Paper, Person, Conf./Journal
Relationships:
•Conf./Journal publish paper
•Paper cite paper
•Person write paper
•Person is PC member of
Conf./Journal
•Person is coauthor of person

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Researcher Profile
Basic Info.
Research Interests
Publications
Social Network

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ASN Types

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What is Mendeley?
Mendeley is a reference manager
allowing you to manage, read,
share, annotate and cite your
research papers...
… forming a crowdsourced database with a
unique layer of social research information
and an Open API
...and an academic collaboration
network with 3 Million users to
connect like-minded researchers &
discover research trends and
statistics.

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Example (1)

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Example (2)

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• Online community resources for scholars and
scientists from many disciplines
• Academia.edu biopractice
• BitesizeBio Chapter Swap
• Digital Commons eagle-i
• EasyChair SciENcv
• SelectScience Technology Networks
• Thingiverse Vitae
• Yammer Science Online
ASN Examples

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ASN Examples
• Epernicus frontiers
• Google Profiles Groupsite
• Kudos LabArchives
• Labome.org LabRoots
• mendelspod Petridish.org
• PubMed Commons PubPeer
• ResearchGate Scholar Universe

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For Researchers
• Communicate in a new way with researchers
• Share my publications
• Increase citations to my papers
• Get statistics about my research (views, downloads, and
citations)
• Get free access to millions of publications
• Find new research ideas
• Form a research group
• Collaborative solving of research problems
• Ask questions/get answers from researchers in the field
• Encourage cooperative cross-disciplinary research

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For University
G-factor
It ranks university and college web
presence by counting the number of
links only from other university
websites, using Google search
engine data. G-factor is an indicator
of the popularity or importance of
each university's website from the
combined perspectives of other
institutions. It claims to be an
objective peer review of a university
through its website.

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choosing an Academic social network to join?
• Number of participants
• Number of publications
• Network reputation
• Friend's recommendation
• Read the visitors' opinions
• The diversity of Services

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• 135+ million publication pages, 1+ million
questions
• 19+ million researchers, including 79 Nobel
Laureates. And 10,000 scientists signing up per
day.
• Launched in May 2008 in Hannover, Germany
What is ResearchGate?

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Example

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Structure
• Researchers
• Groups
✓can be categorized
✓can be "grouped" with
each other
• Literature

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Services
• Create a user profile
• Self archiving publications
• Search engine (Author, Institution, Publication, Jobs, Questions)
• Liking and following researchers and their publications
• Create a discussion group
• Messaging services
• The News feeds
• Post comments or queries
• RG Score
• Keep informed with Worldwide Events

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Services
• International job board
• Statistics and metrics of uploaded publications
• Generate a free DOI for publications
• Export your profile as a C.V
• Import contacts
• Invite your colleagues
• Add Social Profiles
• Open reviews
• Block researcher
• Feedback

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• Sharing done by authors themselves
• Sharing done by others
Sharing your research output

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• Journal Articles
• Book chapters
• Conference papers
• Conference presentations
• Thesis chapters
• Patents
• Teaching Documents
• Book reviews
• Talks
• Drafts
• Unpublished research
• Media files
• Negative and raw data
See: Rafael S. Rios, Kenneth I. Zheng & Ming-Hua Zheng (2020) Data sharing during COVID-19
pandemic: what to take away, Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 14:12, 1125-
1130, DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2020.1815533
What to share?

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Question & Answer service

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From resources sharing to Knowledge Sharing
(
Q & A
)

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• Q&A is where you can ask research-related questions and get them
answered by other specialists. It’s also the best place for you to share
your knowledge, connect with researchers, and identify yourself as an
expert in your field.
• Q&A service is a kind of Knowledge sharing or experience sharing
• You can also browse questions and answers using the other three
filters: Recent questions in your field, Questions you follow,
and Questions you asked.
Q&A service

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Why do you share your knowledge on ResearchGate?
• Through sharing we communicate our ideas, gain information and
expand our knowledge.
• most of our work rests on knowledge sharing (reading others' work or
discussing with them).
• A good discussion always leads to better understanding of a subject.
multiple views on a topic is always better than a single point of view.
Q&A service

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Example

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Researcher measurement (h-index, RG
score)

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The simplest way how to measure the quality of scientists is
to evaluate the following three integer numbers: the number
of published papers, the number of citations, and the h-index
introduced by Hirsch .
Measure the quality of scientist

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H-index
• The h-index is an index to quantify an individual’s scientific research output (J.E.
Hirsch).
• There are several databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar) that will
provide an h-index for an individual based on publications indexed in the tools.
•
The h-index is an index that attempts to measure both the scientific productivity and
the apparent scientific impact of a scientist. The index is based on the set of the
researcher's most cited papers and the number of citations that they have received in
other people's publications .

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RG Score
• The RG score is presented as an indicator of scientific
reputation. Yet, when I carefully examine what makes RG
score increase, I observe that publications are not much
taken into account, compared to the number of followers
and/or answers to various questions.
• RG score is a meaningful measure of academic social media
popularity.

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RG Score

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ASN and researchers’ concerns

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Blurring of boundaries between personal and professional life
Privacy
Intellectual property issues
Technical issues
Reliability of the information
Unwanted email spamming
Limit registration
In the future it may switch from being free to being a business
model
Researchers’ Concerns

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Who own the contents ?
Copyright article are behind pay wall and authors cannot put
the full-text into Social Networks.
ResearchGate gives access to his database to stakeholders (CGU
Researchgate) and will retire immediately documents on their
demands. Social Networks are not clear about who own
original contents. like YouTube license .
Researchers’ Concerns

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Most Concern
2013
Solution
copyright rules allow making/sharing copies for
personal use. So.... You can always have the reference
in you. Other publications: depends on agreements
Elsevier asked to retire the papers from Aacademia.edu

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What can ResearchGate do with
my data?
ResearchGate is a service that enables
the users (you) to present information
, it can not provide data to third
parties.
Researchers’ Concerns

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• For wide dissemination of publications:
-ID services (e.g., Orcid, ResearcherID)
-Researcher profile services (e.g., Academia.edu, Google
Scholar, ResearchGate)
-Official or personal researcher’s website (Self archiving)
• For wide dissemination of presentations:
Resource sharing sites (e.g., SlideShare, SoundCloud,
YouTube)
Where should you be?

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References
• Elsayed AM. The Use of Academic Social Networks Among Arab Researchers: A Survey. Social Science Computer
Review. 2016;34(3):378-391. https://doi:10.1177/0894439315589146
• Vavryčuk V (2018) Fair ranking of researchers and research teams. PLoS ONE 13(4): e0195509.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0195509
• Thelwall, Mike, and Kayvan Kousha. "ResearchGate: Disseminating, communicating, and measuring Scholarship?."
Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology 66.5 (2015): 876-889.
http://cba.scit.wlv.ac.uk/~cm1993/papers/ResearchGate.pdf
• Yu, M. C., Wu, Y. C. J., Alhalabi, W., Kao, H. Y., & Wu, W. H. (2016). ResearchGate: An effective altmetric indicator
for active researchers?. Computers in human behavior, 55, 1001-1006.
• Boudry, C., & Durand-Barthez, M. (2020). Use of author identifier services (ORCID, ResearcherID) and academic
social networks (Academia. edu, ResearchGate) by the researchers of the University of Caen Normandy (France): A
case study. PloS one, 15(9), e0238583.
• Kim, Y., & Oh, J. S. (2020). Researchers’ article sharing through institutional repositories and ResearchGate: A
comparison study. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 0961000620962840.

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Prof. Amany Elsayed
Email: amany03@gmail.com ,
amany.m.elsayed@arts.helwan.edu.eg
Researcher ID J-8998-2013
-ORCID ID: orcid.org/0000-0001-7005-087X
-Scopus
ID: http://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.url?authorId=3660
0229600
-Google Scholar:
https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=u8ajSUAAAAAJ&hl=a
r