1. Hemoptysis
Amarendra B. Singh
090201263
23rd Feb 2013

2. Hemoptysis
 Hemoptysis is the expectoration of blood
from the respiratory tract(from alveoli to the
glottis).
 Epistaxis & Hematemesis
Classification
 Mild
 Massive

3. Mild
If there is a small amount of blood, or sputum
streaked with blood, the spitting is considered mild
hemoptysis.
Massive
Hemoptysis is considered massive, or major, when
there is so much blood that it interrupts breathing
(generally more than about 200-240 mL, or about
1 cup, in 24 hours).
Massive hemoptysis is a medical emergency.

4. VASCULAR ORIGIN OF HEMOPTYSIS
 Blood traversing the lungs can arrive from
 Pulmonary arteries, or
 Bronchial arteries

6. Causes
 Infections
 Tumour
 Vascular disease
 Cardiac cause
 Immunological disorders
 Trauma
 Chronic airway inflammation
 Systemic bleeding disorders
 Iatrogenic

7. Infections
• Tuberculosis
• Lung abscess
• Fungal infections
• Parasites
• Bacterial/ viral
infections
Tumour
• Benign
• Malignant
Vascular
• Pulmonary
thromboembolism
• Rasmussen’s
aneurysm
• A-V malformation

8. Cardiac
• Mitral stenosis
• Congenital heart
disease
• Tricuspid
endocarditis
Vasculitis
• Wegener’s
granulomatosis
• Goodpasture’s
syndrome
Trauma
• Inhaled foriegn
body
• Chest trauma

9. Chronic airway
inflammation
• Bronchiectasis
• Cystic fibrosis
Haematological
• Blood
dyscrasias
• anticoagulants
Iatrogenic
• Bronchial
biopsy
• Transthoracic
lung biopsy
• Endotracheal
tube intubation
• Tracheostomy