This document provides an overview of product design as a profession, including the different types of drawings and tools used. It discusses the product design process from concept development to manufacturing. Key aspects covered include sketching ideas, computer-aided design, technical drawings, prototyping, materials, and production. The responsibilities of product designers are outlined, such as collaborating with other teams and presenting concepts to clients. Different types of drawings like orthographic, perspective, and CAD drawings are also defined.

1. PROJECT 1: Understanding Different types of Professions
and Drawings in the Built Environment
C H R Y S A L I S
PRODUCT DESIGN
T U T O R S :
P n H a s m a n i r a M o k t h a r
M s S u f i n a A b u B a k a r
M s T h i v i l o j a n a A / P P e r i n p a s i n g a m
A d a m E f f e n d i b i n A s h a a r i
H o h J e a n M i n g
C h a n g H u e y Y i B a r b a r a
H e n g S y H u a ( L )
C h i n S h e e W e i
B r i a n K o h J u n Y a n
A r a i
: 0 3 2 2 8 5 1
: 0 3 2 2 4 9 6
:
: 0 3 2 1 9 9 9
:
:
:
: I C I
: I T D
: E n g l i s h I

2. PRODUCT DESIGN, what is it?
The method and development of creating a
product/item/object from idea to manufacturing.
Product Design vs Industrial Design
• solve problems
through creating
something that does
not exist.
What is a Product?
A useful idea, method, information, object or service created as a result of a process
It fulfils a need or satisfies a want.
It has a combination of tangible and intangible attributes (benefits, features, functions, uses)
• a specialization that
deals exclusively
with ‘products’ or
something that can
be produced
• general study that
deals with products,
services, installations
• focus on improving
existing products or
services

3. THE PRODUCT DESIGNER
Combine Creativity with Logical Approach (Pragmatic & Imaginative)
Determine the aesthetics and functions of everyday items
(furniture, etc.)
• Create new products
• Improve existing products with broad understanding of technology, materials and
manufacturing methods
Tried-and-True
Methods
New and
Innovative Ways

4. BRIE F HISTORY

5. THE DESIGN PROCESS
The Brief
• Identify
customer
needs &
wants
• Product
Design
Specification
(PDS)
Research
• Background
stage
• Exploratory
stage
Concept
Design
• Ideas
• Sketches,
drawings,
renderings
• Evaluate
concept
Design
Development
• Technical
Drawings
• Prototypes
Detail
Design
• Materials
• Manufacturing
techniques
• Testing &
Refinement
Production
• Marketing
• Branding
• Packaging
• Supply
• Disposal

6. TOOLS FOR DRAWING
Eraser
Technical
Pens
Ballpoint pen
Brush Pen
Dip Pen
Drawing Board
Pastels
Chalk
Charcoal
Markers
Watercolour
Airbrush
T Square
Set Square
Templates
(French
Curve)
Protractor
Pencils

7. TOOLS FOR DRAWING
CAD (Computer-aided Design) Systems
Mouse and
keyboard
Haptic SystemTouchscreen
- Tablet
- Stylus

8. TYPES OF DRAWINGS
There are two main types:
Two-dimensional (2D)
Orthographic drawings
Section drawings
Three-dimensional (3D)
Perspective drawings
Metric Drawings
Sketches
Concept Sketch
Doodl e
De t ail
Te chnical
Pre se nt ativ e
E mot iv e
CAD Drawings
Section
Ghosting
Scrap views
Cutout
3D Model
Technical Illustrations

9. Sketches – Idea and Concept Exploration
TYPES OF DRAWINGS
Concept Sketch – The first sketch of a product

10. TYPES OF DRAWINGS
Metric Projections (3D)
Axonometric
Projection
Isometric
Projection
Oblique
Drawing
One-point
Perspective
Two-point
Perspective
Three-point
Perspective
Perspective Drawings

11. TYPES OF DRAWINGS
Orthographic Projections (2D)
(a) First-angle Projection
(commonly used in the UK & Europe)
(b) Third-angle Projection
(Commonly used in the USA)
Section Drawing
(c) & (d) Section drawings
of Bottle Opener

12. TYPES OF DRAWINGS
General Arrangement (GA) Drawing
- The Master Drawing
(a) GA Drawing of Foldable Bicycle (b) GA Drawing of
Swimming Pool Lamp

13. TYPES OF DRAWINGS
CAD Drawings & Technical Illustrations
(a) 3D Models
(c) Ghosting
of Engine
(b) Cutaway of
Engine Parts
(d) Exploded Diagram
of Engine Parts

14. TYPES OF DRAWINGS
Technical Illustrations
(a) Exploded Drawing of Sofa
(d) Labelled Diagram
of Lamp
(c) Exploded Drawing
of Rotor
(b) Exploded Drawing of Table

15. Scope of Work + Nature of Work
This involves looking carefully at what is required, doing research and
developing ideas into a design.
Your key tasks would include:
• taking details of what the client needs (known as the 'brief ')
• developing ideas and making initial sketches
• deciding on suitable materials
• using computer design software to produce detailed final drawings
• making samples or working models
• testing the design
• finding solutions for any problems with the design.
At all stages, you would work with skilled colleagues such as engineers and
model-makers.
As well as designing, you would also
take part in meetings and presentations
put together bids and proposals for new work
Skills RequiredTraining
Professional Bodies

16. Scope of Work + Nature of Work
Scope
Industrial design is a combination of art and engineering; drawing
skills, creativity and technical knowledge are critical.
Industrial designers must have a good sense of color, balance and
proportion, as well as good verbal, visual and written communication
skills.
They need to have an education in industrial design, architecture or
engineering. These days, many industrial designers that get a
master’s degree in business administration because the industry is
increasingly emphasizing strategic design and products that suit the
client's overall business plan.
Industrial designers with knowledge of accounting, marketing,
quality assurance, strategic planning and project management may
be more attractive to employers.
Designing items for mass production, small
batches or one-offs

17. Responsibilities
• arranging meetings and liaising with engineers and other
departments
• occasionally travelling to clients' production facilities and evaluating
the feasibility of production;
• making presentations to senior design management or clients
• start with a client meeting
• working on ideas as part of a team
• The designers may create and sketch several
different design ideas and present these options to
the client.
• taking into account cost and availability of materials
and safety implications
• working closely with other professionals
• identifying the suitability and availability of
materials;
• Do research

18. Responsibilities
If you are self-employed, you would also market your work and carry out tasks
involved in running a business, such as budgeting and administration.
• producing detailed, final hand drawings and specifications
• using dedicated computer software (CAD) to produce design
specifications, including parts lists and costings
• making samples or working models by hand or
using computerised prototyping equipment;
• testing the design concept by computerised
modelling or physical hands-on testing of models
• taking part in specialist or multidisciplinary team
meetings
• Manufacturing of Products

19. The Design Process 3.
The Brief
• Identify
customer
needs &
wants
• Product
Design
Specification
(PDS)
Research
• Background
stage
• Exploratory
stage
Concept
Design
• Ideas
• Sketches,
drawings,
renderings
• Evaluate
concept
Design
Development
• Technical
Drawings
• Prototypes
Detail
Design
• Materials
• Manufacturing
techniques
• Testing &
Refinement
Production
• Marketing
• Branding
• Packaging
• Supply
• Disposal

20. Background Research+ Concept Design
Research

21. Initial Sketches, Idea Exploration
Concept Design

22. Early Schematics
Concept Development

23. Aspects
Ergonomics
Anthropometry

24. Computer-aided Design (CAD)

25. Schematic Drawings (The Master Drawings)
Detail Design

26. Technical Illustration

27. Material
Manufacturing

28. Manufacturing process
Manufacturing
Cutting
Machining
Etching
Joining
Soldering and Brazing
Weaving
Upholstery
Casting
Dip Moulding
Blow Moulding
Casting
Forming

29. Branding, Packaging, Marketing

30. Furniture in Use

31. Case Study
Conclusion

32. Case Study

33. Case Study

34. Thank
You.

35. References
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Postell, J. (2007). Furniture Design. United States of America: John Wiley and Sons.
Rodgers, P. & Milton, A. (2011). Product Design. United Kingdom: Laurence King Publishing.
Hudson, J. (2011). Process 50 Product Designs from Concept to Manufacture (2nd ed.). London: Laurence King Publishing.
Howes, P. & Laughlin, Z. (2012). Material Matters New Materials in Design. London: Black Dog Publishing.
Asensio, O. (2006). Des!gn Des!gn Furniture & Lights. Singapore: Page One Publishing.
Soley, M. C. (2009). Modern Interior Design. Singapore: Page One Publishing.
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blog/portfolio-item/eezee-feeder/
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36. References
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http://www.prospects.ac.uk/industrial_product_designer_entry_requirements.htm
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37. References
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38. References
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