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23rd International Conference on Advanced Information Systems
Engineering, London, United Kingdom

Goal Dynamics
From System Dynamic to Multi-agent systems

PhD Researcher

Amjad A. Fayoumi
Supervisor

Peri Loucopoulos
Topics Headlines

Contents

1. Introduction

2. The Research problem
3. Assumptions
4. Goal creation
5. Agent configuration
6. Methodology

Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
Hot RE Topics

Many research Questions
Still Waiting for answers…

 New Concepts of Design
 Fluidity and in-completeness of Design
 Visualization, Representation and Analysis of
requirements
 Managing Complexity
 Business model /Process Focus
 Stakeholder Issues
 Impact of New Technologies / Architectures

Source: High-Impact Requirements for Software-Intensive Systems: A Manifesto
Matthias Jarke, Pericles Loucopoulos, Kalle Lyytinen, John Mylopoulos, William Robinson

Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
What, Where, When & How

Change
Direction

Risk

Impact

Change

Speed

Time

Opportunity

Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
What, Where, When & How

Change
Direction

Impact

We need:
•Forecasting/
situational sensing (
High, Medium, Low).
•Rectification of
impact.
Change
•Fast decision making.
•Response in the Real
time.
•Agile Design and
Infrastructure

Risk

Speed

Time

Opportunity

Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
Methods Revolution

Requirements modeling
Methods and tools

1987

CSD – Feather 87…
Zachman 87, 92, 97, 06

1990

KAOS – van Lamsweerde, …

1993

Inquiry Cycle – Potts, Anton
EKD – Bubenko, Rolland, Loucopoulos

2001

Win-Win – Boehm
NFR – Chung, Mylopoulos, …
Z.URN proposal to ITU-T (Nov. 2000)
i* Framework

2008

BMM – OMG.
Semantic Technology
Intelligent Enterprise
Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
Literature Map
Requirement Eng.
Multi-agent systems

Dynamic
Modeling

GOM
Communi
cation

SBVR

Methodology

Platform

Semantic Web
Search/
mining

Ontology

Rules

OWL

Design Science
Cognitive
Process
Design
Rationale

Decision
making
Coll.
Creativity

Complexity

Des.
Intelligence

Agent
Conf.

Dynamic
selforganizing

Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
Integrated Multi-space
Framework

Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
Models Integration

Modeling integration

 We can use the “layer interface” between models to
ensure interoperability and interchange.

Strategic business model ontology (SBMO) For Dynamic Business Model.
Reza Samavi and Eric Yu, 2008
Models Integration

Modeling integration

 We can use the “layer interface” between models to
ensure interoperability and interchange.

How To Implement ?

Strategic business model ontology (SBMO) For Dynamic Business Model.
Reza Samavi and Eric Yu, 2008
What we are going to study

Research blocks

Research components

Simulation
Complexity
Language
Ontology
Mining
Self Organizing
Event sensing
Emergence
Chaos

Dynamics
Process, Rule, Event

Model Driven
MAS

Social Modeling
Mental Model
Creativity
Collaboration
Resources
Economy
Ecology

Implementation

Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
Research Problem
Individuals as a research focus

Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
How they are Relevant?

 Socio-technical systems is combination of
cognitive, social, ecological, knowledge and
technical components.
 Thus required to link the components from each
level together.
The goal in the both research questions is to link social
modeling and analysis techniques with information
systems, particularly with multi-agents systems, which
has more capability to reflect the human behavior.

Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
In my first research question, I want to define the
goal creation process and find proper method to
model the cognitive task in order to develop a
dynamic design mechanism for IS.

Requirement engineering challenges,
cognitive design methods and
modeling approaches to describe
dynamics, intentional and social
ontology

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE & RESEARCH
QUESTIONS

E. Yu, P. Giorgini, N. Maiden, J. Mylopoulos
(2010) Social Modeling for Requirements
Engineering

Research Gap

• Jarke M, Loucopoulos P, Lyytinen K,
Mylopoulos J, Robinson W. High-Impact
Requirements for Software-Intensive
Systems: A Manifesto. 2009.

fuzzy goal is a
result of changing
state of cognitive
process, or in other
case result of
ecological change.
(how it can be
defined and
measured for rapid
IS design?)

• Gonzalez C, Saner L, MODELING AND
MEASURING SITUATION AWARENESS
IN INDIVIDUALS AND TEAMS
SocioManag Journal, 19(5): 2009.
• Gero J and Kannengiesser U, The
situated function–behaviour–
structure framework. Elsevier Ltd
doi:10.1016/j.destud.2003.10.010.
• E. S. Yu, Social modelling and i*,
Conceptual Modeling: Foundations and
Applications, ISBN 978-3-642-02462-7,
2009.

source: MATTHIAS JARKE, NATURE TEAM, META MODELS
FOR REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING, KAW96 proceedings,

1996

Research Question: How we can provide dynamic method to analyze and capture goal dynamics in social context?
Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
The second research question takes the notion
of intelligent dynamic infrastructure
components, focusing on agent capabilities and
model driven development.

Dynamic systems framework based
on MAS, adaptive technology and
modeling techniques for handling
complex distributed event in the real
time

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE & RESEARCH
QUESTIONS

Scholars found that conceptual modeling is an
important way to bring social and complexity to
information system development, such
framework need several dimension from higher
level to technical one.

Research Gap

• Kolp M, Giorgini P, Mylopoulos J. A Goal-Based
Organizational Perspective on MultiAgent Architectures. Research Policy, 1451: 1–21
•Xiao L., Greer D., Adaptive Agent Model: Software
Adaptivity using an Agent-oriented Model-Driven
Architecture, Information and Software Technology 51
(2009) 109–137
•Samavi R, Yu E. & Topalogluo T., 2009, Strategic
reasoning about business models: a conceptual
modeling approach, journal of information system and
e-business management, volume 7, issue 2, page 171198,2009.
• Henrickson L, McKelvey B, Foundations of “New”
Social Science: Institutional Legitimacy from
Philosophy, Complexity Science, Postmodernism, and
Agent-based Modeling, the National Academy of
Sciences, Vo. 99, Suppl.3, May 14, 2002, 7288–7295.

Less work has been
done to develop
characteristics that
can be applied to
identify the
individuals and multi
agents capability for
handling complex
and dynamic
business situations

Research Question: How we can provide intelligent agent capture the change in enterprise information environment?
Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
Iterative process for
case study

Inception

Elaboration

Many phases to the same
process (iteration)

Construction

Transition

Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
Methodology Breakdown

Objectives
for a solution

•Providing a
methodology for
modeling cognitive
process.
•Solve complex
and distributed
problems.
•Provide intelligent
business system.

Design and
development

•Define the
artifacts.
•Define the
process.
•Define the model
structure
•Define patterns
•Define the tool
•Define the case

Demonstration

•Modeling tools.
•Software
prototyping.
•Simulation.
•Case
study/scenario .

Evaluation

•Comparing the
results with
objectives by
defining metrics.
•Compare the
solution with
previous similar
solutions in the
domain.

Communication

•Addressing the
problem
importance.
•Discuss the
solution value and
novelty.
•The effectiveness
of the research on
the area, and
future horizons

Design science research methodology for information system researches (PEFFERS et al. , 2007)
Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
Agent abstraction
Environment
Agent
Role

Rules
..
Ontology

…
…

…

Process
Goal
How it is Work?
Motivation
Model
Risk
Model

Process
Model

Role
Model

Agent
Model

www.themegallery.com
Goal Dynamics (Example)
Component

Example

Belief

I Believe the packing could be done, and within 30 min.

Desire

My Desire is to finish packing successfully within 20 min.

Intention

I have intention to start packing at 8:00 pm to be done hopefully at 8:20 pm

Action

The packing started at 8:00 pm.

Motivation

My intention input: I want to get ready to have a good night out with my
friends.

Expectation

I Expect to finish before the time; maybe the packing could not be ideal.
Goal dynamics metamodel
Agent metamodel
Social Science & Regional policy
Business interaction
Computing
Evolution & self-organisation

Constructive Cycles of
Research Process
Goal creation in
Individual and Group
storming

Organizational
Goal

Stakeholders
goals

Dynamic
Modelling

Complexity
theory

i* Framework

Rules
Ontology

FBS
Method
BMM

Agent design

Knowledge Domain

Model Driven Architecture
SBVR
High Level rules

Events
Agent

Agent

Ontology

Process
Agent

Low level rules

Agent Type
Search
Personal
Sensing
interaction

Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
LOGO

Dynamic & Complexity Modeling

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Goal Dynamics_From System Dynamics to Implementation

  • 1. LOGO 23rd International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering, London, United Kingdom Goal Dynamics From System Dynamic to Multi-agent systems PhD Researcher Amjad A. Fayoumi Supervisor Peri Loucopoulos
  • 2. Topics Headlines Contents 1. Introduction 2. The Research problem 3. Assumptions 4. Goal creation 5. Agent configuration 6. Methodology Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
  • 3. Hot RE Topics Many research Questions Still Waiting for answers…  New Concepts of Design  Fluidity and in-completeness of Design  Visualization, Representation and Analysis of requirements  Managing Complexity  Business model /Process Focus  Stakeholder Issues  Impact of New Technologies / Architectures Source: High-Impact Requirements for Software-Intensive Systems: A Manifesto Matthias Jarke, Pericles Loucopoulos, Kalle Lyytinen, John Mylopoulos, William Robinson Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
  • 4. What, Where, When & How Change Direction Risk Impact Change Speed Time Opportunity Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
  • 5. What, Where, When & How Change Direction Impact We need: •Forecasting/ situational sensing ( High, Medium, Low). •Rectification of impact. Change •Fast decision making. •Response in the Real time. •Agile Design and Infrastructure Risk Speed Time Opportunity Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
  • 6. Methods Revolution Requirements modeling Methods and tools 1987 CSD – Feather 87… Zachman 87, 92, 97, 06 1990 KAOS – van Lamsweerde, … 1993 Inquiry Cycle – Potts, Anton EKD – Bubenko, Rolland, Loucopoulos 2001 Win-Win – Boehm NFR – Chung, Mylopoulos, … Z.URN proposal to ITU-T (Nov. 2000) i* Framework 2008 BMM – OMG. Semantic Technology Intelligent Enterprise Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
  • 7. Literature Map Requirement Eng. Multi-agent systems Dynamic Modeling GOM Communi cation SBVR Methodology Platform Semantic Web Search/ mining Ontology Rules OWL Design Science Cognitive Process Design Rationale Decision making Coll. Creativity Complexity Des. Intelligence Agent Conf. Dynamic selforganizing Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
  • 9. Models Integration Modeling integration  We can use the “layer interface” between models to ensure interoperability and interchange. Strategic business model ontology (SBMO) For Dynamic Business Model. Reza Samavi and Eric Yu, 2008
  • 10. Models Integration Modeling integration  We can use the “layer interface” between models to ensure interoperability and interchange. How To Implement ? Strategic business model ontology (SBMO) For Dynamic Business Model. Reza Samavi and Eric Yu, 2008
  • 11. What we are going to study Research blocks Research components Simulation Complexity Language Ontology Mining Self Organizing Event sensing Emergence Chaos Dynamics Process, Rule, Event Model Driven MAS Social Modeling Mental Model Creativity Collaboration Resources Economy Ecology Implementation Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
  • 12. Research Problem Individuals as a research focus Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
  • 13. How they are Relevant?  Socio-technical systems is combination of cognitive, social, ecological, knowledge and technical components.  Thus required to link the components from each level together. The goal in the both research questions is to link social modeling and analysis techniques with information systems, particularly with multi-agents systems, which has more capability to reflect the human behavior. Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
  • 14. In my first research question, I want to define the goal creation process and find proper method to model the cognitive task in order to develop a dynamic design mechanism for IS. Requirement engineering challenges, cognitive design methods and modeling approaches to describe dynamics, intentional and social ontology RESEARCH OBJECTIVE & RESEARCH QUESTIONS E. Yu, P. Giorgini, N. Maiden, J. Mylopoulos (2010) Social Modeling for Requirements Engineering Research Gap • Jarke M, Loucopoulos P, Lyytinen K, Mylopoulos J, Robinson W. High-Impact Requirements for Software-Intensive Systems: A Manifesto. 2009. fuzzy goal is a result of changing state of cognitive process, or in other case result of ecological change. (how it can be defined and measured for rapid IS design?) • Gonzalez C, Saner L, MODELING AND MEASURING SITUATION AWARENESS IN INDIVIDUALS AND TEAMS SocioManag Journal, 19(5): 2009. • Gero J and Kannengiesser U, The situated function–behaviour– structure framework. Elsevier Ltd doi:10.1016/j.destud.2003.10.010. • E. S. Yu, Social modelling and i*, Conceptual Modeling: Foundations and Applications, ISBN 978-3-642-02462-7, 2009. source: MATTHIAS JARKE, NATURE TEAM, META MODELS FOR REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING, KAW96 proceedings, 1996 Research Question: How we can provide dynamic method to analyze and capture goal dynamics in social context? Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
  • 15. The second research question takes the notion of intelligent dynamic infrastructure components, focusing on agent capabilities and model driven development. Dynamic systems framework based on MAS, adaptive technology and modeling techniques for handling complex distributed event in the real time RESEARCH OBJECTIVE & RESEARCH QUESTIONS Scholars found that conceptual modeling is an important way to bring social and complexity to information system development, such framework need several dimension from higher level to technical one. Research Gap • Kolp M, Giorgini P, Mylopoulos J. A Goal-Based Organizational Perspective on MultiAgent Architectures. Research Policy, 1451: 1–21 •Xiao L., Greer D., Adaptive Agent Model: Software Adaptivity using an Agent-oriented Model-Driven Architecture, Information and Software Technology 51 (2009) 109–137 •Samavi R, Yu E. & Topalogluo T., 2009, Strategic reasoning about business models: a conceptual modeling approach, journal of information system and e-business management, volume 7, issue 2, page 171198,2009. • Henrickson L, McKelvey B, Foundations of “New” Social Science: Institutional Legitimacy from Philosophy, Complexity Science, Postmodernism, and Agent-based Modeling, the National Academy of Sciences, Vo. 99, Suppl.3, May 14, 2002, 7288–7295. Less work has been done to develop characteristics that can be applied to identify the individuals and multi agents capability for handling complex and dynamic business situations Research Question: How we can provide intelligent agent capture the change in enterprise information environment? Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
  • 16. Iterative process for case study Inception Elaboration Many phases to the same process (iteration) Construction Transition Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
  • 17. Methodology Breakdown Objectives for a solution •Providing a methodology for modeling cognitive process. •Solve complex and distributed problems. •Provide intelligent business system. Design and development •Define the artifacts. •Define the process. •Define the model structure •Define patterns •Define the tool •Define the case Demonstration •Modeling tools. •Software prototyping. •Simulation. •Case study/scenario . Evaluation •Comparing the results with objectives by defining metrics. •Compare the solution with previous similar solutions in the domain. Communication •Addressing the problem importance. •Discuss the solution value and novelty. •The effectiveness of the research on the area, and future horizons Design science research methodology for information system researches (PEFFERS et al. , 2007) Dynamic & Complexity Modeling
  • 19. How it is Work? Motivation Model Risk Model Process Model Role Model Agent Model www.themegallery.com
  • 20. Goal Dynamics (Example) Component Example Belief I Believe the packing could be done, and within 30 min. Desire My Desire is to finish packing successfully within 20 min. Intention I have intention to start packing at 8:00 pm to be done hopefully at 8:20 pm Action The packing started at 8:00 pm. Motivation My intention input: I want to get ready to have a good night out with my friends. Expectation I Expect to finish before the time; maybe the packing could not be ideal.
  • 23. Social Science & Regional policy Business interaction Computing Evolution & self-organisation Constructive Cycles of Research Process Goal creation in Individual and Group storming Organizational Goal Stakeholders goals Dynamic Modelling Complexity theory i* Framework Rules Ontology FBS Method BMM Agent design Knowledge Domain Model Driven Architecture SBVR High Level rules Events Agent Agent Ontology Process Agent Low level rules Agent Type Search Personal Sensing interaction Dynamic & Complexity Modeling