Mandibular Growth & Development
يكون حجم الفك السفلي صغيرًا عند الولادة حيث يتألف من جزأين متناظرين يفصل بينهما عند الخط الأوسط للذقن نسيج غضروفي فتي يمثل الدرز الارتفاقي الذي يشكل أحد أجزاء الدروز السهمية المتوسطة التي تفصل بين الأجزاء العظمية المتناظرة لجمجمة الوليد.
تحصل أكبر زيادة في حجم الفك السفلي خلال الستة أشهر الأولى بعد الولادة. ثم ينخفض معدل النمو بالتدريج.
يتيح الدرز الارتفاقي الفرصة للفك السفلي للنمو العرضي السريع حتى يتكلس في النصف الثاني من السنة الأولى. وعند الولادة تكون الشعبتين الصاعدتين للفك السفلي قصيرتين.
وخلال السنة الأولى بعد الولادة ينمو الفك السفلي بشكل يتيح بزوغ الأسنان اللبنية مع وجود فراغات بينها بالإضافة إلى زيادة حجم العظم الداعم للأسنان في جميع الاتجاهات
2. In memory of:
Dr. Donald Hugh Enlow, MS, PhD
1927-2014
In a career spanning more than five decades, Dr. Enlow’s
research impacted multiple disciplines including orthodontics
and other dental specialties. His work also had significance in
the fields of anthropology, biology and paleontology.
Dr. Enlow authored a wealth of papers and books, including the
“Essentials of Facial Growth,” on the growth and structure of
bone and how they relate to human facial development and
dentistry.
3. He amassed a collection of about 100,000 bone specimen slides
useful in bone morphology and histology that he gifted to the Hard
Tissue Research Unit at New York University College of Dentistry. In
2006, New York University College of Dentistry held the Donald H.
Enlow International Research Symposium in commemoration of the
50th anniversary of Dr. Enlow’s first published paper, a seminal
reference on comparative bone biology and paleontology, in the
Texas Journal of Science.
Dr. Enlow earned a master’s degree in 1951 from University of
Houston and a Ph.D. in anatomy in 1955 from Texas A&M University.
Later, he became an assistant professor of biology at West Texas
State University. He held other academic positions in the Anatomy
Department of the University of Michigan School of Medicine and
West Virginia University School of Medicine. In 1977, he moved to
Cleveland, Ohio, where he was the Thomas Hill Distinguished
Professor and Chairman of Orthodontics until 1989 and where he
also served for three years as acting dean of the dental school at
Case Western Reserve University School of Dental Medicine.
20. Further references (Relating the mandibular growth with the cervical vertebral maturation)
1. Ball G, Woodside D, Tompson B, Hunter WS, Posluns J. Relationship between cervical vertebral maturation and
mandibular growth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;14:455–61. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2010.01.035.
2. Gu Y, Mcnamara JA Jr. Mandibular growth changes and cervical vertebral maturation. Angle Orthod. 2007;14:947–
53. doi: 10.2319/071006-284.1.
3. Damian MF, Cechinamo F, Molina RD, Waitchunas FE. Relationship Between cranial and mandibular growth and
the stages of maturation of cervical vertebrae. J Appl Oral Sci. 2007;14:115–19.
4. Baccetti T, Franchi L, Mcnamara JA Jr. The cervical vertebral maturation method for the identification of optimal
treatment timing. Semin Orthod. 2005;14:119–29. doi: 10.1053/j.sodo.2005.04.005.
5. Chen F, Trada K, Hananda K. A new method of predicting mandibular length increment on the basis of cervical
vertebrae. Angle Orthod. 2003;14:630–34.
6. Baccetti T, Franchi L, Mcnamara JA Jr. An Improved Version of the Cervical Vertebral Maturation (CVM) Method for
the Assessment of Mandibular Growth. Angle Orthod. 2002 Aug;72(4):316-23.
21. Further references (Relating the mandibular growth with the cervical vertebral maturation)
7. Mito T, Sato K, Mitani H. Predicting mandibular growth potential with cervical vertebral bone age. Am J
Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;14:380–85. doi: 10.1067/mod.2002.126896.
8. Franchi L, Baccetti T, Mcnamara JA Jr. Mandibular growth as related to cervical vertebral maturation and body
height. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;14:335–40. doi: 10.1067/mod.2000.107009.
9. Mitani H, Sato K. Comparison of mandibular growth with other variables during puberty. Angle
Orthod. 1992;14:217–22.
10. O’Reilly MT, Yanniello GJ. Mandibular growth changes and maturation of cervical vertebrae: a longitudinal
cephalometric study. Angle Orthod. 1988;14:179–84.