IT'S ABOUT THE GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY BY MEANS OF PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS.

1. Submitted By--
1. ANIMESH SACHA
Contact No- 8090844554
Email—animesh.sachan24794@gmail.com
(6th semester ELECTRICAL AND ELCTRONICS ENG.)
PRANVEER SINGH INSTITUTE OF TECHENOLOGY BHAUTI
KANPUR

2.  Energy Generation.
 History of piezoelectricity.
 Meaning.
 Materials.
 Working.
 As an alternative.
 Applications.
 Advantages and Disadvantages .
 Conclusion .

3.  What is it ?
 Macro scale –WIND,SOLAR.
 Micro scale– PIEZOELECTRICITY.

4.  Piezoelectricity was discovered by CURIE
BROTHERS in 1880.
(Pierre Curie ) (Jacques Curie)

5.  The meaning of the word “piezoelectric”
implies “pressure electricity”- the generation
of electric field by applying pressure.
 Piezoelectricity is observed if a stress is
applied to a solid, like by bending , twisting
or squeezing it.

6.  The material exhibiting the direct
piezoelectric also exhibit the reverse
piezoelectric effect (the internal generation
of a mechanical strain resulting from an
applied electric field).

7. NATURAL SYNTHETIC
1. Quartz Lead Zirconate Titanate(PZT)
2. Rochelle Salt Zinc oxide (ZnO)
3. Topaz Barium Titanate(BaTiO3)
4. Silk Lead Titanate(PbTiO3)
5. Dentin Langasite (La3Ga5SiO14)
6. DNA Sodium tungstate (Na2WO3)
7. Tendon Potassium Niobate(KNbO3)

8.  Quartz is the second most abundant material
in the earth’s continental crust, after feldspar.

9.  Normally, the charges in a piezoelectric
crystal are exactly balanced, even if they’re
not symmetrically arranged .
 The effects of the charges exactly cancel out,
leaving no net charge on the crystal
faces.(More specifically, the electric dipole
moment is zero).

10.  Now the effect of the charges ( their dipole
moments) no longer cancel one another out
and net positive and negative charges
appears on the crystal faces. By squeezing
the crystal, you have produced a voltage
across it’s opposite faces– and that’s
PIEZOELECTRICITY.

11.  If you squeeze the crystal ,you forces the
charges out of balance.

13.  Electricity is the basic need of
everyone .
 But it reaches only 65% of
entire population and 35% still
live in darkness in INDIA.
 To satisfy all the needs we need
to produce 81,08,76,150 Kw-
h/Yr
 Whereas , the production is
only
60,06,49,000 Kw-h/Yr.

14.  So we need 21,02,21,150 Kw-h/Yr.,
to reach the demand.
 We need to think the alternative
to solve this crisis.
 Presently there are many
alternative like solar, wind, etc.
 All these years we have ignored a
better alternative which in right
under our feet our fingers THE
PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIAL
ENERGY HARVESTING.

15.  Piezoelectric Energy
Harvesting.

17.  Vibration caused from machine in the GYM.
 At workplaces piezoelectric crystals are laid
in the chairs for storing energy.

18.  Crystal laid down
under the keys of
mobile and
keyboards.
 For every key pressed
vibrations are
created.
 These can be used
for charging
purposes.

19.  The material used for this application is PZT
with lateral stress operating at 15 Hz.
 The volume of material used is .2(cm)3.
 The output power produced is 1.2W.
 The output voltage is 9V.
 This can be used to produce the required
amount of charge after being processed .

20.  Idea was researched
in US.
 To power the
battlefield equipment
by generators in
soldiers boots.
 Idea was abandoned
due to discomfort.

21.  The piezoelectric transducer within midsole
consists of a single cylindrical stack of 18 PZT
ceramic slugs, each having a diameter of 0.31
inch and a thickness of 0.245 inch.
 The output powers of midsole generator from a
man weighted 75 kg are 625, 676 and 2100 mW
respectively corresponding to flat foot, heel-
toe, and simulated jogging.

22.  Series of crystals can
be laid below the
mats, tiles, carpets.
 One foot step can
only provide enough
electrical current to
light two 60 watts
bulbs for one
second.

23.  When mob uses the
dance floor, an
enormous voltage is
generated.
 This energy is used
to power the
equipment in night
clubs.

24.  Present time we are
using asphalt roads(tar
roads) on which
thousand of vehicles
runs.
 When a vehicle passes
road deflects vertically
(vibrates)
 These vibrations are
released as thermal
energy which is being
wasted.

25.  By incorporating
piezoelectric
generators in the
road we can convert
vibrations caused by
vehicles in electric
energy.
 This is implemented
in ISRAEL.

26.  Generator harvest the
mechanical energy of vehicles
and converts it into the electrical
energy.
 Electrical energy is stored via
harvesting module.
 Then it charges battery on side
of the roads and distributes it.
 Yield :-for one KM of
piezoelectric road of one lane we
can generate 44000KW-h/Yr.

27.  Generator size :- 1 square fit.
 1 generator = 2000 Rs
 No . Of generator needed = (3280 for 1 km of
road)
 Cost estimation – 70 Lakhs for 1 km of road.

28.  We have taken the outer ring road of Hyderabad
to compare.
 The over all budget of this road is 6700 Cr.
 In this 8 lane road of 158 Km. is laid .
 If a piezoelectric road is laid………
The budget becomes 6800 Cr. Which is only1.5%
increase in overall budget.

29.  Ever year 44000 kw-Hr is generated in one
Km single lane road.
 So if we calculate,
158 km. * 8 lane *44000 kw-hr.=55616000
Kw-Hr.
can be generated.
 In general Government of India charges Rs.
5 0n an average per 1 kw-hr., so by
calculation.
5 * 55616000= Rs. 270000000 (27 Cr.)

30.  The amount invested
in this returns in just
4 years.
 Average life of
piezoelectric road is
30 years, so income
generated in next 26
years is a profit.

31.  By using piezoelectric generators in car’s
tyres, below chairs etc. we can generate and
store charge and can use in various car
applications.

32.  This is a green solution for power
generation.
 The centralization of power is minimized.
 Even the most untouched and remote areas
can be electrified.
 Dependence of thermal electricity is
minimized which in turn save the nature.
 Reduces environmental pollution.
 Saves more money.

33.  Maintenance of these is a bit difficult .
 Constant inspection are to be made.
 Can pick up stray voltages in connecting
wires.
 Crystal is prone to crack if overstressed.
 May get affected by long use at high
temperature.

34.  Piezoelectricity is a revolutionary source for
“ GREEN ENERGY”
 Convert the ambient vibration energy surrounding
them into the “ELECTRICAL ENERGY”
 This is an excellent alternative to reach the
“ INCRISING DEMAND OF ELECTRICITY”
 This technology is tested in “CALIFORNIA” and
“ISRAEL” and approved successfully.
 We concluded that it should be implemented in
“INDIA” also to accelerate the development.