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Thai Architecture:
 Reflectsthe challengesof livinginextreme climate andimportance of architecture tothe
people’ssense of communityandreligiousbeliefs
 Historycoverssevenages(accordingtoWikipedia,anyway):
o Tawavardee – locatedincentral Thailand,usesclaybricksandlaterite
o Sriwichai –notable feature isstupa-style Buddhawithsquare base andoctagonal top
o Lopburi – influencedbyKhmer,seeninShrinesof Ganesh.Usedbrick,sandstone and
laterite
o ChiangSaen – periodwhenmostreligiousplaceswere built.Influencesinclude
Sukhothai,Tawaravadee,SwiwichaiandBurma
o Sukhothai – identifiedbyusage of symbolicshapestodisplayBuddhistfaith
o Authong– integrationof Tawaravadee andKhmer.
o Ayutthaya– designedto displaymightandriches.Dominantfeature if sunlightshining
intobuildings.Architecturewasregardedasa peakachievementinthe latterpartof the
era.
 Examplesof buildingsanditscharacteristics:
o Traditional thai house:
 Elevationof buildingonsilts,typicallyat
headheight.Elevationisuseddue to
floodingandpredators(the latterduring
ancienttimes).Space below house maybe
usedforvariouspurposessuchas for
lounging,storage,craftsorlivestock.
 Buildinghabitswere basedonbeliefs as
well asavailable materialsandpresent
environment.
 Three principlesare tobe followed:
material preparation,construction
and dwelling.
o Materials– site and orientation,taste andsmellof soil,names
of treesthatwill be usedof buildhouses
o Construction– ritualsthatare performedduringconstruction,
such as one performedbyaspiritual power(monk???) when
firstcolumnisput intoground.
o Dwelling–properbehaviorinside
the house.
 House was made of wood,and builtina dayas
prefabricatedwoodpanelswouldbe builtaheadof
time andwouldbe assembledbyamasterbuilder.
Otherhouseswere made of bamboo.Using
prefabricatedpanelswasathingthough.
 House usuallybuiltasa clusterof physically
separatedroomarrangedarounda large central
terrace.Terrace isthe largestpart of the house,
and an area inthe middle of the terrace isleftopentoallow forgrowth of a
tree.
 Natural surroundingsare important.
 Furniture wassparse.
o Kuti
 Small structure (4.013 x 2.343 m, basedon Sanghathisep),builtonstilts
 Purpose wasto house a monkand designismeanttoaidin spiritual journeyby
discouragingaccumulationof material goods.
 Monasteriesconsistsof anumberof Kuti groupedtogetherona sharedterrace.
o Religiousbuildings:
 Knownas “wats”,althoughthe termreferstoa place of worshipnow,it
originallyreferredtotempleshathave monkslivinginside.
 Has two parts:
 Phutthawat– dedicatedtoBuddha
 Sangkhawat– livingquartersformonks
 Importantelementsincludemultiple roof tiers.Twotothree tiersare used,but
royal templesmayhave four.Purpose isaesthetic.The taperingappearance
(thatis,that the roof seemstodecrease insize asthe levelsgoup),isto lighten
the roof’sappearance.
 Decorationsare attachedto bargeboards,andthe structure is calledthe
lamyong. The designof the lamyong invokesthe appearance of aNaga.
Thai architecture

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Thai architecture

  • 1. Thai Architecture:  Reflectsthe challengesof livinginextreme climate andimportance of architecture tothe people’ssense of communityandreligiousbeliefs  Historycoverssevenages(accordingtoWikipedia,anyway): o Tawavardee – locatedincentral Thailand,usesclaybricksandlaterite o Sriwichai –notable feature isstupa-style Buddhawithsquare base andoctagonal top o Lopburi – influencedbyKhmer,seeninShrinesof Ganesh.Usedbrick,sandstone and laterite o ChiangSaen – periodwhenmostreligiousplaceswere built.Influencesinclude Sukhothai,Tawaravadee,SwiwichaiandBurma o Sukhothai – identifiedbyusage of symbolicshapestodisplayBuddhistfaith o Authong– integrationof Tawaravadee andKhmer. o Ayutthaya– designedto displaymightandriches.Dominantfeature if sunlightshining intobuildings.Architecturewasregardedasa peakachievementinthe latterpartof the era.  Examplesof buildingsanditscharacteristics: o Traditional thai house:  Elevationof buildingonsilts,typicallyat headheight.Elevationisuseddue to floodingandpredators(the latterduring ancienttimes).Space below house maybe usedforvariouspurposessuchas for lounging,storage,craftsorlivestock.  Buildinghabitswere basedonbeliefs as well asavailable materialsandpresent environment.  Three principlesare tobe followed: material preparation,construction and dwelling. o Materials– site and orientation,taste andsmellof soil,names of treesthatwill be usedof buildhouses o Construction– ritualsthatare performedduringconstruction, such as one performedbyaspiritual power(monk???) when firstcolumnisput intoground. o Dwelling–properbehaviorinside the house.  House was made of wood,and builtina dayas prefabricatedwoodpanelswouldbe builtaheadof time andwouldbe assembledbyamasterbuilder. Otherhouseswere made of bamboo.Using prefabricatedpanelswasathingthough.  House usuallybuiltasa clusterof physically separatedroomarrangedarounda large central terrace.Terrace isthe largestpart of the house,
  • 2. and an area inthe middle of the terrace isleftopentoallow forgrowth of a tree.  Natural surroundingsare important.  Furniture wassparse. o Kuti  Small structure (4.013 x 2.343 m, basedon Sanghathisep),builtonstilts  Purpose wasto house a monkand designismeanttoaidin spiritual journeyby discouragingaccumulationof material goods.  Monasteriesconsistsof anumberof Kuti groupedtogetherona sharedterrace. o Religiousbuildings:  Knownas “wats”,althoughthe termreferstoa place of worshipnow,it originallyreferredtotempleshathave monkslivinginside.  Has two parts:  Phutthawat– dedicatedtoBuddha  Sangkhawat– livingquartersformonks  Importantelementsincludemultiple roof tiers.Twotothree tiersare used,but royal templesmayhave four.Purpose isaesthetic.The taperingappearance (thatis,that the roof seemstodecrease insize asthe levelsgoup),isto lighten the roof’sappearance.  Decorationsare attachedto bargeboards,andthe structure is calledthe lamyong. The designof the lamyong invokesthe appearance of aNaga.