History of Collaboration and Communication
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This document provides a brief history of communication and collaboration technologies from ancient cave paintings to modern and future technologies. It traces the evolution from early pictograms to alphabets, the development of writing materials like papyrus, important innovations like the telegraph, telephone and internet, and explores emerging technologies like virtual and augmented reality, haptic interfaces, and telepresence.
![HISTORY OF
COLLABORATION
&
COMMUNICATION
IN ANCIENT TIMES
THE INDUSTRIAL AGE
THE ELECTRONIC AGE
IN THE FUTURE...
THAT’S YESTERDAY AND
TOMORROW. FOR THE HERE
AND NOW, CALL ARKADIN.
CAVE PAINTING
Early art has been found in Cantabria in
Spain, Lascaux in France, and various
sites across Australia and Asia. It might
seem primitive, but these images were
the start of representing human thoughts
in a form that would outlast their artist.
Perhaps the greatest idea of all time.
HIEROGLYPHICS
By 2,890 BC, the Dynasty II civilisation
of Egypt took pictures to the next level:
combining them in sequence to form
simple sentences. Communication turned
from single moments into narratives.
PAPERWORK
Back in the Nile Valley, the invention of
papyrus made communication portable.
Ideas could be carried by another, to
different places, enabling contracts and
agreements. The first known dates back
to 2,260 BC.
THE TELEPHONE
Alexander Graham Bell’s terse “Mr.
Watson--come here--I want to see you”
message signalled the start of real-
time communication and collaboration.
Lesson to be learned? To be an innovator
in communication, it helps to be named
Alexander.
COMPUTERS
Forget Turing (who came later) and
Babbage (who couldn’t get his to work.)
Many agree the first programmable
computer was the Z1, by Konrad Zuse. At
1000kg, you’d have had trouble fitting it
into your briefcase.
BACK TO
THE FAXER
A hundred-years-plus after Bain,
someone had the bright idea of
connecting image-scanning to the
telephone network. The important idea?
CCITT, and the way it encouraged use of
shared standards for communication.
MOBILE PHONES
“I’m on the train” became the business
world’s rallying cry, some time after
Motorola’s Martin Cooper risked a hernia
by making a call on the first mobile
handset. Real-time communication was
now footloose and fancy-free.
VIDEO
CONFERENCING
Videophones had been prototyped, but
the innovation of Bell Labs was a codec:
software that compressed data-heavy
images to fit down telephone lines.
That’s why everybody had a videophone
in their home by 1990. Oh, wait...
THE WEB
Tim Berners-Lee turned onscreen text
into shareable web pages during one
busy summer at CERN. The idea had a
fine pedigree: adopting a standard (called
HTTP) for displaying the written word
onscreen that worked irrespective of the
device you were viewing it on.
VIRTUAL REALITY
Google’s Glass and Oculus Rift presage a great future for
headsets. Beaming 3D video direct to your eyes, they can take
you into whole new worlds… or augment your existing one. The
first prototype launched in 2011.
WRIST PHONES
As mobile technology shrinks, the natural place for information
communication is heading back to your wrist. Following a user’s
hand and body movements, it leverages the truism that a great
deal of communication is in body language.
TELEPRESENCE
This year, the first medical operation was performed by a
surgeon not in the operating theatre, performing his work by
robot instruments from afar. That’s where communication is
going; not just talking there, but being there.
THE TELEGRAPH
As the West was being won, vast
lengths of copper wire followed it,
starting with Harrison Dyar’s first. While
communication was limited to the simple
taps of Morse code, it provided a means
for people separated by thousands of
miles to exchange information at short
notice.
CHINESE
IDEOGRAMS
Early Chinese society carved symbols
into bone. Characters for the sun,
moon, and harvest quickly morphed
into simpler shapes. Communication no
longer imitated reality, It was the start
of writing.
THE ALPHABET
Borrowing from the Phoenicians, the
ancient Greeks abandoned ideograms
in favour of symbols that represented
sounds. A small number of characters
could combine in countless ways, turning
oral history into a permanent record.
FAX MACHINES
Alexander Bain’s mechanical scanner
allowed documents to be not just
communicated but copied. And yes: the
fax machine was invented before the
telephone. And from then on, there was
no let-up.
THE PAGER
Ping, ping! Al Gross’s 1949 prototype led
to millions of people wearing strange
beeping devices on their belts by the
80s. Although millions cursed his memory
at the lack of excuses when they missed
a meeting.
TELEVISION
John Logie Baird’s ghostly “televisor”
image looked spooky, but it enabled
another key feature of modern
communication and collaboration:
broadcasting. Although we don’t know
what he’d have made of Gogglebox.
THE HOLOGRAM
2D images became 3D virtual sculptures,
thanks to Dennis Gabor’s work with
lasers and the optical properties of new
materials. The hologram’s main use
in communication, however, has been
limited to a plot device on British comedy
show “Red Dwarf”.
SMART WATCHES
In the 80s, the simple clock on your
wrist became an alarm, diary, barometer,
thermometer... and a hundred other
communicative functions. Being late was,
briefly in business, not an option.
THE TABLET
Devices like the Microwriter and Apple’s
Newton planted a seed that wouldn’t
grow much further until the Noughties:
the idea that a portable device could
store and connect to information sources
around the world.
THE
SMARTPHONE
It’s a little-known fact that today’s
smartphone was concepted by Big Blue
IBM in the early 90s. A handheld device
that acted as phone, address book, and
notepad. Fancy that.
HAPTIC INTERFACES
VR will let us see new worlds; haptic, or “touch-based”
technology, will let us grab onto them too. Technology like
Second Sight affixes adhesive pads to a user’s limbs, giving
them an embodied form in a disembodied world.
POCKET WIDESCREENS
Mobile devices may not be limited by their physical size.
Technologies like screen sharing and mini-projectors that turn
any nearby wall or screen into your workspace are already on
the market.
40,
000
50
00
22
00
http://history-computer.com/
ModernComputer/Basis/scanner.
html
18
76
19
36
19
68
19
73
19
86
19
89
18
28
25
00
80
0
18
46
19
58
19
26
19
71
19
82
19
87
19
92
YEARS BC?
30,000
20,000
10,000
2450
2400
2300
1850
1860
1870
1930
1932
1934
1960
1962
1964
1971
1972
1973
1983
1984
1985
1988
1989
1990
4000
3500
3000
2000
1000
900
1834
1838
1842
1890
1910
1920
1968
1970
1970
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1989
1990
1991
BC
BC
BC
BC
http://www.angela-jooste.com/
blog/2015/9/16/salvador-dali-alice-cooper
http://www.slashgear.com/casio-to-host-retro-smartwatch-museum-
exhibition-04386732/
[Enjoy work, enjoy life, enjoy sharing]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/140129historyofcollaboration-140130050151-phpapp01/85/history-of-collaboration-and-communication-1-320.jpg)
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History of Collaboration and Communication
- 1. HISTORY OF COLLABORATION & COMMUNICATION IN ANCIENT TIMES THE INDUSTRIAL AGE THE ELECTRONIC AGE IN THE FUTURE... THAT’S YESTERDAY AND TOMORROW. FOR THE HERE AND NOW, CALL ARKADIN. CAVE PAINTING Early art has been found in Cantabria in Spain, Lascaux in France, and various sites across Australia and Asia. It might seem primitive, but these images were the start of representing human thoughts in a form that would outlast their artist. Perhaps the greatest idea of all time. HIEROGLYPHICS By 2,890 BC, the Dynasty II civilisation of Egypt took pictures to the next level: combining them in sequence to form simple sentences. Communication turned from single moments into narratives. PAPERWORK Back in the Nile Valley, the invention of papyrus made communication portable. Ideas could be carried by another, to different places, enabling contracts and agreements. The first known dates back to 2,260 BC. THE TELEPHONE Alexander Graham Bell’s terse “Mr. Watson--come here--I want to see you” message signalled the start of real- time communication and collaboration. Lesson to be learned? To be an innovator in communication, it helps to be named Alexander. COMPUTERS Forget Turing (who came later) and Babbage (who couldn’t get his to work.) Many agree the first programmable computer was the Z1, by Konrad Zuse. At 1000kg, you’d have had trouble fitting it into your briefcase. BACK TO THE FAXER A hundred-years-plus after Bain, someone had the bright idea of connecting image-scanning to the telephone network. The important idea? CCITT, and the way it encouraged use of shared standards for communication. MOBILE PHONES “I’m on the train” became the business world’s rallying cry, some time after Motorola’s Martin Cooper risked a hernia by making a call on the first mobile handset. Real-time communication was now footloose and fancy-free. VIDEO CONFERENCING Videophones had been prototyped, but the innovation of Bell Labs was a codec: software that compressed data-heavy images to fit down telephone lines. That’s why everybody had a videophone in their home by 1990. Oh, wait... THE WEB Tim Berners-Lee turned onscreen text into shareable web pages during one busy summer at CERN. The idea had a fine pedigree: adopting a standard (called HTTP) for displaying the written word onscreen that worked irrespective of the device you were viewing it on. VIRTUAL REALITY Google’s Glass and Oculus Rift presage a great future for headsets. Beaming 3D video direct to your eyes, they can take you into whole new worlds… or augment your existing one. The first prototype launched in 2011. WRIST PHONES As mobile technology shrinks, the natural place for information communication is heading back to your wrist. Following a user’s hand and body movements, it leverages the truism that a great deal of communication is in body language. TELEPRESENCE This year, the first medical operation was performed by a surgeon not in the operating theatre, performing his work by robot instruments from afar. That’s where communication is going; not just talking there, but being there. THE TELEGRAPH As the West was being won, vast lengths of copper wire followed it, starting with Harrison Dyar’s first. While communication was limited to the simple taps of Morse code, it provided a means for people separated by thousands of miles to exchange information at short notice. CHINESE IDEOGRAMS Early Chinese society carved symbols into bone. Characters for the sun, moon, and harvest quickly morphed into simpler shapes. Communication no longer imitated reality, It was the start of writing. THE ALPHABET Borrowing from the Phoenicians, the ancient Greeks abandoned ideograms in favour of symbols that represented sounds. A small number of characters could combine in countless ways, turning oral history into a permanent record. FAX MACHINES Alexander Bain’s mechanical scanner allowed documents to be not just communicated but copied. And yes: the fax machine was invented before the telephone. And from then on, there was no let-up. THE PAGER Ping, ping! Al Gross’s 1949 prototype led to millions of people wearing strange beeping devices on their belts by the 80s. Although millions cursed his memory at the lack of excuses when they missed a meeting. TELEVISION John Logie Baird’s ghostly “televisor” image looked spooky, but it enabled another key feature of modern communication and collaboration: broadcasting. Although we don’t know what he’d have made of Gogglebox. THE HOLOGRAM 2D images became 3D virtual sculptures, thanks to Dennis Gabor’s work with lasers and the optical properties of new materials. The hologram’s main use in communication, however, has been limited to a plot device on British comedy show “Red Dwarf”. SMART WATCHES In the 80s, the simple clock on your wrist became an alarm, diary, barometer, thermometer... and a hundred other communicative functions. Being late was, briefly in business, not an option. THE TABLET Devices like the Microwriter and Apple’s Newton planted a seed that wouldn’t grow much further until the Noughties: the idea that a portable device could store and connect to information sources around the world. THE SMARTPHONE It’s a little-known fact that today’s smartphone was concepted by Big Blue IBM in the early 90s. A handheld device that acted as phone, address book, and notepad. Fancy that. HAPTIC INTERFACES VR will let us see new worlds; haptic, or “touch-based” technology, will let us grab onto them too. Technology like Second Sight affixes adhesive pads to a user’s limbs, giving them an embodied form in a disembodied world. POCKET WIDESCREENS Mobile devices may not be limited by their physical size. Technologies like screen sharing and mini-projectors that turn any nearby wall or screen into your workspace are already on the market. 40, 000 50 00 22 00 http://history-computer.com/ ModernComputer/Basis/scanner. html 18 76 19 36 19 68 19 73 19 86 19 89 18 28 25 00 80 0 18 46 19 58 19 26 19 71 19 82 19 87 19 92 YEARS BC? 30,000 20,000 10,000 2450 2400 2300 1850 1860 1870 1930 1932 1934 1960 1962 1964 1971 1972 1973 1983 1984 1985 1988 1989 1990 4000 3500 3000 2000 1000 900 1834 1838 1842 1890 1910 1920 1968 1970 1970 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1989 1990 1991 BC BC BC BC http://www.angela-jooste.com/ blog/2015/9/16/salvador-dali-alice-cooper http://www.slashgear.com/casio-to-host-retro-smartwatch-museum- exhibition-04386732/ [Enjoy work, enjoy life, enjoy sharing]