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Arpit and Pritish9/24/2013 1Some Natural Phenomena
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Some natural
phenomena
Some Natural Phenomena9/24/2013
Content
3
 Electric Charge
 Electroscope
 Lightning
 Earthquakes
Some Natural Phenomena9/24/2013
Electric Charge
 It was discovered about 2500 yrs
ago
 It was discovered by a Greek
scientist called Thales.
 An object without any charge is
called uncharged object
 And the object with an electric
charge is called charged object
 The process of giving charge is
called charging the object.
4Some Natural Phenomena9/24/2013
Electric Charge
 Twentieth-
century experiments demonstrated
that electric charge is quantized.
 The charging of an object by rubbing it
with another object is charging by
friction.
 The electric charges generated by
rubbing (or friction) are static electric
5Some Natural Phenomena9/24/2013
electroscope
6
 A device used for detecting electric
charge on a object
 It was the first
electrical measuring instrument
 The first electroscope, a pivoted
needle called the versorium
 It was invented by British
physician William Gilbert around
1600
Some Natural Phenomena9/24/2013
electroscope
 The gold-leaf electroscope was
developed in 1787 by British
clergyman and physicist Abraham
Benet
 The electroscope can also be
charged without touching it to a
charged object, by electrostatic
induction
 The electric potential or voltage of
an object equals its charge divided
by its capacitance, so electroscopes
can be regarded asSome Natural Phenomena 79/24/2013
Images for Electroscope
Some Natural Phenomena 89/24/2013
Some Natural Phenomena 9
lightning
9/24/2013
Lightning The bright flash of light which we see in
the clouds is called lightning.
 There are three types of lightning:
1. Cloud to itself (intra cloud or sheet
lightning)
2. From one cloud to another (Cloud to cloud
or CC)
3. Cloud to the ground (CG)
 The electric nature of lightning was
established by Benjamin Franklin
 Lightning occurs approximately
40–50 times a second
worldwide, resulting in nearly 1.4 billion
flashes per year. Some Natural Phenomena 109/24/2013
lightning
 It is a massive electrostatic
discharge between electrically
charged regions within clouds , or
between a cloud and the Earth's
surface.
 The lightning which usually occurs
within the cloud in the sky is called
‘sheet lightning’
 And the lightning which usually
occurs between a cloud and the
earth or the objects on it is called
Some Natural Phenomena 119/24/2013
lightning
 The science of lightning is
called fulminology.
 The fear of lightning is called astraphobia.
 Lightning is not distributed evenly around
the planet.
 About 70% of lightning occurs over land in
the tropics where atmospheric
convection is the greatest
9/24/2013 Some Natural Phenomena 12
Pictures for lightning
Some Natural Phenomena 139/24/2013
Images for fork lightning
Some Natural Phenomena 149/24/2013
Images for sheet lightning
Some Natural Phenomena 159/24/2013
dangers of lightning
 When a lightning strikes the earth
it causes a lot of damage to the
property (buildings ,etc.)
 Although lightning is an beautiful
phenomena but it is very dangerous
 Before 4 days lightning was stroked
3 times in lake forest at Chicago
Some Natural Phenomena 169/24/2013
Images of damage caused
by lightning
Some Natural Phenomena 179/24/2013
Lightning rod
 Lightning conductor is a device used
to protect a building from the
effects of lightning
 The function of lightning conductor
is to conduct any lightning strikes
safely to the earth(without causing
any damage to the building).
 The lightning rod was invented
by Benjamin Franklin in North
America in 1749
Some Natural Phenomena 189/24/2013
Images of lightning rod
Some Natural Phenomena 199/24/2013
Measures to protect
ourselves from lightning
 Don't take shelter in open space, a
house or a building will be a safe
place
 Open vehicles like motorbikes
,scooters ,tractors are not safe
 We should avoid raising umbrella
over head during lightning, as
because it lightning may strike at
the top of the umbrella .
 TV antennas are more prone to
lightning, so we should switch off
our TV sets during lightning .
Some Natural Phenomena 209/24/2013
Some Natural Phenomena 219/24/2013
earthquake
 The sudden shaking (or trembling)
of the earth’s surface which lasts
for a short time is called
earthquake .
 It is a destructive natural
phenomena which cannot be
predicted in advance
 Earthquakes are measured using
observations from seismometers.
 Earthquakes can also cause floods
, landslides ,tsunamis.Some Natural Phenomena 229/24/2013
why do earthquake occur
 The earthquake occur due to these
reasons:
I. Plates slide past one another
II. Collide with one another
Some Natural Phenomena 23
New mountain
formed as the two
plates collide
On plate of earth’s
crust
Another plate of
earth’s crust
9/24/2013
Seismic zone
 The weak zone of earth’s crust are
called seismic zone
Some Natural Phenomena 249/24/2013
Images for earthquake
Some Natural Phenomena 259/24/2013
seismograph
 Seismograph is an instrument which
measures and records the magnitude of
an earth quake in terms of shock waves
it produces.
Some Natural Phenomena 269/24/2013
Some Natural Phenomena 279/24/2013
Some Natural Phenomena 289/24/2013
Q. Fill in the blanks
1. Like charges ; unlike charges .
2. The sudden shaking of land is called an .
3. the bright flash of light that we see in the sky is
called .
Some Natural Phenomena 299/24/2013
1. Like charges repel ; unlike charges attract
2. The sudden shaking of land is called an
earthquake.
3. the bright flash of light that we see in the sky is
called lightning.
Some Natural Phenomena 309/24/2013
Answers
Q. Match the pairs
‘A’ ‘B’
1. Earthquake Golden leaves
2. Lightning Seismograph
3. Electroscope Lightning rod
Some Natural Phenomena 319/24/2013
conclusion
 From this presentation we learnt
about the various natural phenomena
and there effects and how they are
caused
 Although some phenomena are
beautiful, but they are dangerous
9/24/2013 Some Natural Phenomena 32
Some Natural Phenomena 339/24/2013
Some Natural Phenomena 349/24/2013
Some Natural
Phenomena
Made by :
Arpit and pritish

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Some Natural Phenomena class 8 EVS by arpit

  • 1. Created by :- Arpit and Pritish9/24/2013 1Some Natural Phenomena
  • 3. Content 3  Electric Charge  Electroscope  Lightning  Earthquakes Some Natural Phenomena9/24/2013
  • 4. Electric Charge  It was discovered about 2500 yrs ago  It was discovered by a Greek scientist called Thales.  An object without any charge is called uncharged object  And the object with an electric charge is called charged object  The process of giving charge is called charging the object. 4Some Natural Phenomena9/24/2013
  • 5. Electric Charge  Twentieth- century experiments demonstrated that electric charge is quantized.  The charging of an object by rubbing it with another object is charging by friction.  The electric charges generated by rubbing (or friction) are static electric 5Some Natural Phenomena9/24/2013
  • 6. electroscope 6  A device used for detecting electric charge on a object  It was the first electrical measuring instrument  The first electroscope, a pivoted needle called the versorium  It was invented by British physician William Gilbert around 1600 Some Natural Phenomena9/24/2013
  • 7. electroscope  The gold-leaf electroscope was developed in 1787 by British clergyman and physicist Abraham Benet  The electroscope can also be charged without touching it to a charged object, by electrostatic induction  The electric potential or voltage of an object equals its charge divided by its capacitance, so electroscopes can be regarded asSome Natural Phenomena 79/24/2013
  • 8. Images for Electroscope Some Natural Phenomena 89/24/2013
  • 9. Some Natural Phenomena 9 lightning 9/24/2013
  • 10. Lightning The bright flash of light which we see in the clouds is called lightning.  There are three types of lightning: 1. Cloud to itself (intra cloud or sheet lightning) 2. From one cloud to another (Cloud to cloud or CC) 3. Cloud to the ground (CG)  The electric nature of lightning was established by Benjamin Franklin  Lightning occurs approximately 40–50 times a second worldwide, resulting in nearly 1.4 billion flashes per year. Some Natural Phenomena 109/24/2013
  • 11. lightning  It is a massive electrostatic discharge between electrically charged regions within clouds , or between a cloud and the Earth's surface.  The lightning which usually occurs within the cloud in the sky is called ‘sheet lightning’  And the lightning which usually occurs between a cloud and the earth or the objects on it is called Some Natural Phenomena 119/24/2013
  • 12. lightning  The science of lightning is called fulminology.  The fear of lightning is called astraphobia.  Lightning is not distributed evenly around the planet.  About 70% of lightning occurs over land in the tropics where atmospheric convection is the greatest 9/24/2013 Some Natural Phenomena 12
  • 13. Pictures for lightning Some Natural Phenomena 139/24/2013
  • 14. Images for fork lightning Some Natural Phenomena 149/24/2013
  • 15. Images for sheet lightning Some Natural Phenomena 159/24/2013
  • 16. dangers of lightning  When a lightning strikes the earth it causes a lot of damage to the property (buildings ,etc.)  Although lightning is an beautiful phenomena but it is very dangerous  Before 4 days lightning was stroked 3 times in lake forest at Chicago Some Natural Phenomena 169/24/2013
  • 17. Images of damage caused by lightning Some Natural Phenomena 179/24/2013
  • 18. Lightning rod  Lightning conductor is a device used to protect a building from the effects of lightning  The function of lightning conductor is to conduct any lightning strikes safely to the earth(without causing any damage to the building).  The lightning rod was invented by Benjamin Franklin in North America in 1749 Some Natural Phenomena 189/24/2013
  • 19. Images of lightning rod Some Natural Phenomena 199/24/2013
  • 20. Measures to protect ourselves from lightning  Don't take shelter in open space, a house or a building will be a safe place  Open vehicles like motorbikes ,scooters ,tractors are not safe  We should avoid raising umbrella over head during lightning, as because it lightning may strike at the top of the umbrella .  TV antennas are more prone to lightning, so we should switch off our TV sets during lightning . Some Natural Phenomena 209/24/2013
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  • 22. earthquake  The sudden shaking (or trembling) of the earth’s surface which lasts for a short time is called earthquake .  It is a destructive natural phenomena which cannot be predicted in advance  Earthquakes are measured using observations from seismometers.  Earthquakes can also cause floods , landslides ,tsunamis.Some Natural Phenomena 229/24/2013
  • 23. why do earthquake occur  The earthquake occur due to these reasons: I. Plates slide past one another II. Collide with one another Some Natural Phenomena 23 New mountain formed as the two plates collide On plate of earth’s crust Another plate of earth’s crust 9/24/2013
  • 24. Seismic zone  The weak zone of earth’s crust are called seismic zone Some Natural Phenomena 249/24/2013
  • 25. Images for earthquake Some Natural Phenomena 259/24/2013
  • 26. seismograph  Seismograph is an instrument which measures and records the magnitude of an earth quake in terms of shock waves it produces. Some Natural Phenomena 269/24/2013
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  • 29. Q. Fill in the blanks 1. Like charges ; unlike charges . 2. The sudden shaking of land is called an . 3. the bright flash of light that we see in the sky is called . Some Natural Phenomena 299/24/2013
  • 30. 1. Like charges repel ; unlike charges attract 2. The sudden shaking of land is called an earthquake. 3. the bright flash of light that we see in the sky is called lightning. Some Natural Phenomena 309/24/2013 Answers
  • 31. Q. Match the pairs ‘A’ ‘B’ 1. Earthquake Golden leaves 2. Lightning Seismograph 3. Electroscope Lightning rod Some Natural Phenomena 319/24/2013
  • 32. conclusion  From this presentation we learnt about the various natural phenomena and there effects and how they are caused  Although some phenomena are beautiful, but they are dangerous 9/24/2013 Some Natural Phenomena 32
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