2. GLAUCOMA
Chronic, progressive optic neuropathy caused by a
group of ocular conditions, which lead to damage of
the optic nerve with loss of visual function.
The most common risk factor known is a raised
intraocular pressure.(N/l IOP:10-21mm Hg)
3. CLASSIFICATION
A. Congenital/developmental glaucomas
B. Primary adult glaucomas
a. POAG
b. PACG
C. Secondary glaucomas
a. Mechanism of rise in IOP
i. Secondary open angle glaucomas
ii. Secondary angle closure glaucoma
b. Causative primary disease
i. Lens induced
ii. Inflammatory
iii. Pigmentary
iv. Neovascular glaucoma
v. Traumatic glaucoma
4. NVG
Secondary Glaucoma due to fibrovascular membrane
on the surface of the iris and the angle of anterior
chamber.
Syn:Thrombotic glaucoma, hemorrhagic glaucoma,
rubeotic glaucoma.
Follows extensive retinal ischemia
6. ETIOLOGY
Pre-glaucomatous stage(RUBEOSIS IRIDIS)
New vessels arise from the microvascular bed in the iris
and ciliary body.
Appearance as endothelial buds from capillaries of minor
arterial circle as tufts.
Open angle glaucoma stage
Pretrabecular neovascular membrane
Secondary angle closure glaucoma
Fibrous membrane contains myofibroblasts that have
contractile properties.
Pulls the posterior pigment layer of the iris epithelium
anteriorly - ectropion uvea
Pulls the peripheral iris into the chamber angle
producing PAS.
12. CASE DISCUSSION
69 years old female
Presenting complaints:
c/o DV of BE since long
HOPI:
Noticed DV(BE) since long.
Diagnosed as CRVO(LE) and POAG(BE) 2 yrs back
At present, increase in DV
A/w severe headache
13. h/o past illness
T2 DM-10 yrs on OHA
HTN- 20-25 yrs- on T.Amlo
POAG(BE)- 2yrs
Ischemic CRVO(LE)-2 yrs
Family history: Nil significant
Drug history
1. T.Amlo 5mg OD
2.T.Nebivolol 5mg 1-0-0
Brimonidine e/d 1 BD(BE)
Nepa e/d 1 BD
T.Glimipride 2mg BD
14. GENERAL EXAMINATION
Conscious, oriented, Cooperative
Poorly built and nourished
No pallor, icterus, cyanosis, clubbing, LNE, pedal
edema
PR: 66/’
BP: 160/70 mm Hg
CVS: S1 S2 heard, No murmurs
Resp: NVBS B/L
GIT: P/A-Soft, Nonender; No organomegaly
15. OCULAR EXAMINATION
RIGHT EYE LEFT EYE
Lid and adnexa N/l N/L
Conjunctiva N/l N/l
Cornea N/l size, shape, lustre
Corneal sensn-N/l
N/l size, shape, lustre
Corneal sensn-N/l
AC N/l depth and contents N/l depth and contents
Iris N/l colour and pattern NVI: 9-11 O’clock posn
Pupil N/l size and shape
DR-Brisk
CR- SLuggish
N/l size and shape
Gr. II RAPD
Lens IMSC IMSC
Vision-Vn 6/60 HM
Nv N24 N36
Head posture: N EOM-Full Orthophoric
16. RIGHT EYE
Media hazy
Disc
Defined
CDR 0.7
Nasalisation
of vessels +
Tesselated
fundus
LEFT EYE
Media hazy
CDR 0.6
Veins tortuous
and dilated
Dot
hemorrhages in
macula
Tesselated
fundus
17. NCT 16.3 37.6
Carotid doppler: diffuse wall thickening in all carotid
arteries
Imp: POAG(BE)
NVG(LE)