Enhancement in the efficiency of Solar Cells u

2.  Introduction
 General System
 Existing System
 Proposed System
 Stepper Motor And Driver Theory
 Advantages and Disadvantages

3.  General system
 Existing system
 Proposed system
 A non-pressurized cooling system was
developed for cooling the panels with least
amount of water and energy.
 It is possible to cool and clean the PV panels
using the proposed cooling system in hot and
dusty regions.

4.  The basic idea of a Solar cell is to convert light
energy into electrical energy.
 Electrical energy is stored in electromagnetic
fields which in turn can make a current of
electrons flow
 Photovoltaic cells convert sunlight directly to
electricity.

5.  major defect of low efficiency.
 best achieved sunlight conversion rate
 Solar module efficiency is around 17.4%
 power drop as the silicon temperature increases due
to the characteristics of the crystalline silicon used in
a solar cell.
 The model performance was then conceptually
evaluated and experimentally verified

6.  Works well under diffused sunlight, less sensitive
to angle of incidence.
 Can be made fully transparent, can have a lot of
aesthetic applications.
 Bifacial, absorbs light from both faces, can be
inverted.
 Manufacturing costs much cheaper than the
commercially available PV silicon cells.
 Also works at high temperature, owing to the thin
 conducting film that radiates internal heat.

7. SUN
PHOTOVOLTAIC
CELL
CONTROLLERS OUTPUT
SOLAR TRACKING
UNIT
OPTICAL
FILTERS
COOLING UNIT

8.  A controller circuit which consistof mainly
three components.
 Solar tracking unit
 Cooling unit
 Optical fillers

9.  A solar tracking unit which tracks the Sun
 hardware implementation of Solar tracking system
 Solar panel in a fixed orientation will lose 75% of
the energy in the morning and evening
 rotating the panels to east and west can help
recapture these losses
 This solar tracking unit has a LDR circuit
 fitted on the panel
 mechanical setup will move the panel in such a
direction to provide better solar isolation

10.  device which has resistance which varies according
to the amount of light falling on its surface
 It is made using Semiconductor cadmium sulphide
(CdS)
 A light dependent resistor work on the principle of
photo conductivity
 PIC 16F877 uses 14 bits for instructions which
allows for all instructions to be one word instructions
 It is also typical for Harvard architecture to have
fewer instructions

11.  is the cooling unit for the solar panel; this unit
consists of LM 35
 temperature sensor interfaced with PIC and place
over the panel
 This water not only cools the panel but also
cleans it
 After cooling the panel again the temperature is
sensed and the cycle is repeated

12.  Operating and maintenance costs is low
 PV cells produce no noise at all
 do not pollute the environment
 easy to install on rooftops or on the ground
without any interference

13.  required additional equipment (inverter) to
convert DC-AC
 equired batteries for storage purpose
 Initial cost is high
 Solar energy has intermittency issues
 Depended upon weather

14.  The objective of this Study is to enhance the
efficiency of Photovoltaic panel
 A low cost solar tracking have also been
incorporated to maintain better solar
insolation
 It is possible to cool and clean the PV panels
using the proposed cooling system

15.  (1). Martin P. Bates, 'Interfacing PIC
Microcontrollers- Embedded Design by
Interactive Simulation', Elsevier, 2006.
 (2). Moharram.K.A., M.S. Abd-Elhady,
H.A.Kandil , H.El-Sherif (2013) “Enhancing
 (3). Rustemli.S, Dincer.F. (2011) "Modelling of
Photovoltaic Panel and Examining