FROM THE LENS OF PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCHER FOR PUBLIC HEALTH GRADUATES AND PROFESSIONALS

1. INVESTMENT ON PUBLIC
HEALTH RESEARCH AND ITS
RETURN
FROM THE LENS OF PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCHER FOR PUBLIC HEALTH
GRADUATES AND PROFESSIONALS
Ashok Pandey
First Batch
LBCoHS

2. Table of content
My Intervention (In terms of rupees)
Return from my intervention (In terms of stipend, rupees, certificate, award)
1. LBCOHS college life
2. LBCOHS teacher life
3. Involvement on research for motivation
Investment on public health research and its return
What Can $10 of Public Health Spending Buy?
National context
Acknowledgement
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 2

3. LBCOHS college life
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 3
Intervention
Cost: Nearby 2 lakh for BPH & 4 Lakh for MPH
Duration: 5 years
My Investment (In terms of rupees)

4. Return from my intervention (In terms of stipend,
rupees, certificate, award)
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 4

5. LBCOHS teacher’s life
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 5
Return from my intervention
Near about 5 Lakh

6. Involvement on
research
For motivation to PH
professional
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 6
Return from my intervention
Publish 2 article
Fully funded

7. 8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 7
Return from my intervention
Fully funded with stipend
Awarded from best presentation award

8. Global health team 2015
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 8
Return from my intervention
Fully funded with stipend

9. 8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 9
Return from my intervention
Stipend

10. 8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 10
Return from my intervention
Fully funded with stipend

11. HCU HafenCity Universität Hamburg,
Germany
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 11
Return from my intervention
Fully funded with stipend

12. AT Italy
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 12
Awarded by 10,000$
In 2019

13. 8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 13
In 2020

14. Investment on public health research and its return
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 14

15. “an ounce of prevention is worth a
pound of cure”
- Benjamin Franklin’s
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 15

16. 8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 16

17. 8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 17

18. What Can $10 of Public Health Spending Buy?
1. Decrease of 7.4 percent in infectious disease morbidity and a 1.5
percent decrease in premature mortality at the county level.
(Erwin PC, Mays GP, Riley WJ. Resources that may matter: the impact of local health department expenditures on health
status. Public Health Reports. 2011;127(1):89-95.)
2. Increase of 0.6 percent in the proportion of the population in very
good or excellent health.
(Brown TT, Martinez-Gutierrez MS, Navab B. The impact of changes in county public health expenditures on general health
in the population. Health Economics, Policy and Law. 2014;9(03):251-269.)
3. Decrease of 0.4 cases of salmonella per 10,000 person years
(Bekemeier B, Yip MP-Y, Dunbar MD, Whitman G, Kwan-Gett T. Local Health Department Food Safety and Sanitation
Expenditures and Reductions in Enteric Disease, 2000–2010. American Journal of Public Health. 2015;105(S2):S345-S352.)
4. Decrease of 3-6 percent of county-level STD rates.
(Gallet CA. The Impact of Public Health Spending on California STD Rates. International Advances in
Economic Research. 2017;23(2):149-159.)
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 18

19. Return on investment
1. Reducing childhood exposure to mercury through mercury and air toxics standards (MATS)
(United States) (EPA, 2011)
• Empirical study
• Timescale: 10 years
• Savings: > US$ 37 billion per year in health benefits
2. Removal of lead from domestic paint and plumbing in at-risk neighbourhoods (France)
(Pichery et al., 2011)
• Modelling study
• Timescale: projected life-year
• Cost: €3600–9200 per home
• Savings: €8800–51 400 reduction in cost of illness per de-leaded home
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 19

20. Return on investment
3. Rotavirus vaccine and health care utilization for diarrhoea in
children (United States) (Cortes et al., 2011)
• Timescale: 2 years
• Savings: US$ 278 million in reduced treatment costs
4. Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination (United
Kingdom) (WHO, 2013b)
• Modelling study
• Timescale: 10 years
• Costs: £0.17–0.97 per person
• Savings: £240 730–544 490 over 10 years in reduced treatment
costs
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 20

21. Return on investment
5. Flu vaccine (United Kingdom) (Scuffham& West, 2002; Burls et al., 2006)
• Modelling study
• Timescale: projected lifetime
• Return on investment: £1.35 for every £1 spent on targeted flu vaccination
• Savings rise to £12 per vaccination when health care workers are vaccinated
6. Pneumococcal vaccination in Spain (children under 2) (Spain) (Morano et
al., 2011)
• Timescale: 1 year
• Cost: €38.36 per dose + €4.88 administration per person
• Savings: €22 million
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 21

22. Cost saving
1. Counselling programmes to promote physical activity and a
community based walking scheme (United Kingdom) (Windle et al.,
2008)
• Timescale 6 months
• Cost: £9.50–220 per participant (community-based)
• QALY gains: from 3.0 per 1000 individuals over 6 months (physical
activity counselling intervention) to 28.3 per 1000 individuals over 6
months (community-based walking programme)
2. Screening for diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (United
Kingdom) (Gillies et al., 2008)
• Modelling study
• Timescale: 50 years
• Cost–effectiveness: £6242 per QALY
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 22

23. Cost saving
3. Hepatitis B vaccination (United States) (Margolis et al., 1995)
• Modelling study
• Timescale: projected lifetime
• US$ 164 per life-year saved for perinatal immunization (societal
perspective)
4. Screening for diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (United
Kingdom) (Gillies et al., 2008)
• Modelling study
• Timescale: 50 years
• Cost–effectiveness: £6242 per QALY 8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 23

24. Masters R, et al. J Epidemiol Community Health 2017;71:827–834. doi:10.1136/jech-2016-208141
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 24

25. Median, maximum and minimum return on investment values stratified by specialism
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 25

26. Median, maximum and minimum cost : benefit ratios stratified by specialism.
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 26

27. A median return on investment of public health
interventions of ∼14:1.
Thus, for every £1 invested in public health, £14
will subsequently be returned to the wider
health and social care economy.
Based on this findings
For my intervention
84 Lakh : 6 Lakh
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 27

28. Approximately $270 billion invested in biomedical
and health research each year by UK.
Jonathan Grant, Erin Montague, Martin Buxton & Matt Glover 16 Jan 2018
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 28

29. In Nepal
At least 2 percent of the total national health budget for health
research promotion as recommended by Ministerial Summit on
Health Research held in Mexico on 16-20 November 2004.
In Health 180 Million Nepali rupees (US$ 15 Lakh)
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 29
Health budget has increased to NRs. 90.69 billion (US$748.1 million) in
the fiscal year 2020/21

30. 8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 30

31. Acknowledgement
 RC Panthee
 Ain Sawat
 Admin Group @LBCHS Public Health Club
 LBCHS Public Health Family
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 31

32. Thank you
8/31/20Experience of Ashok Pandey 32