Selective mechanization in system rice intensification (sri) for energy saving and enhancing the profitability

1. Selective Mechanization in
System Rice Intensification (SRI)
for Energy Saving and Enhancing
the Profitability
Dr..M.K.Mohanty
College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology,
OUAT, Bhubaneswar

2. Introduction
SRI emphasizes certain changes in agronomic
practices from conventional rice cultivation.
However, fundamental cultivation practices remain
more or less same.
SRI is a combination of several practices that
includes changes in nursery management, time of
transplanting and management of water, nutrients
and weeds.
 The SRI raises the labour productivity but its
labour requirements are limited its adoption. In this
context Labour saving machines is very much useful
in conjunction with SRI practice.

3. Improved Farm implements and
Machinery for SRI
 Land levelling Equipment
 Land preparation Equipment
 Paddy Transplanter
 Weeder for weeding
 Harvesting Machines

4. Land levelling Laser Land Leveller

5. •Save irrigation water
•Increase cultivable area by 3 to 5% approximately
•Improve crop establishment
•Improve uniformity of crop maturity
•Increase water application efficiency up to 50%
•Increase cropping intensity by about 40%.
•Increase crop yields (rice 61% )
•Facilitate management of saline environments
•Reduce weed problems and improve weed control efficiency
Advantages of Laser-controlled precision
land levelling

6. Land preparation Equipment
Adjustable FlatAdjustable Flat
Rotary Blade Rotary BladeGear for Assembling
LinkageLinkage
Rotary Blade
Linkage
Gear for AssemblingRotary Blade
Linkage
Adjustable Flat Gear for AssemblingRotary Blade
Linkage
Adjustable Flat
Linkage
Adjustable Flat
Linkage
Adjustable Flat
Rotary Blade
Adjustable Flat
Rotary Blade
Adjustable Flat
Rotary Blade
Adjustable Flat
Rotary Blade
Adjustable Flat
Gear for Assembling
Rotary Blade
Linkage
Adjustable Flat
Rotavator holds promise to do both dry and wet tillage

7. L-shaped rotary blades with straight-line edges

8. Rotary blades with curved edges, used in paddy fields

9. Nursery Bed
The SRI transplanter will be successful only when the nursery
raising method is to be modified and suitable to the SRI
transplanter.
 single seedling is required to be planted per hill at spacing of
240 × 240 mm
 The trays of 440 × 220 × 25 mm size are best suitable for this
 For this tray surface area from which the transplanting finger
picks the seedling need be divided into an imaginary grid for
sparse pattern on a typical transplanters

10. Imaginary grid for a transplanter tray

12. System Rice Intensification (SRI) Paddy
Transplanter
Field capacity 0.2 ha/h

13. Modification required in exiting
transplanter
 Modifications have to be carried out on the planting
claw so that it will only catch one seedling at a time
 Gears in the working transmission gear box will have
to in such a way that the plant to plant spacing is kept
at 24 cm so that there will be square planting
Total cost of all the modifications works out to be
Rs.15,000/

15. Intercultural equipment
In SRI, the first weeding is done after 10-12 days of transplantation.
Subsequent weedings are done every 10 days, until the crop permits operation.
Weeding at 10 day interval is necessary
Both mechanical and manual processes the weeding can be done.
The wider and equal spacing between the plants allow easy operation of
mechanical weeders both manually and self propelled specifically developed for
the process.
This process incorporates the weeds into the soil as in green manure crops
significant yield increase of 9.7% (20 x 20 cm plant density) and 11.1% (25 x 25
cm plant density) due to the weeder use when compared to conventional
weeding (herbicide + hand weeding) with 14 day old seedlings and limited
irrigation.

16. Manual Weeder
Cono weeder
Mandava weeder
Tamilnadu Weeder Japan Weeder

17. Suitable for 15, 30 and 45th days of
transplantation.
 Suitable for MachineTransplantation
Mechanical Weeder

18. Harvesting Machines
Paddy harvesting activities include cutting, stacking, handling, threshing, cleaning,
and hauling.
paddy harvesting are
I. Manual harvesting and handling, followed by threshing and cleaning by hand or
using manually operated tools
II. Manual harvesting, followed by machine threshing
III. Machine harvesting with a reaper followed by machine threshing
IV. The combine harvester combines all operations

19. Manual harvesting and threshing

20. Manual harvesting, followed by
machine threshing

21. Machine harvesting, followed by machine threshing

22. combine harvester

23. Constrain in SRI Mechanisation
Small size and scatter holding of the farmers stand in the way of
mechanisation. As a result of this Farm machinery generally
remains underutilized.
•Majority of small cultivators are poor who are not in position to
purchase the costly machinery like tractors, combines etc.
•Lack of proper knowledge of farmer to purchase farm machinery,
operate and maintain it properly leads to wrong choice, make it
uneconomical and risk too.
•The lack of repair ,maintenance and replace facilities especially
in remote rural areas is another hinderance in efficient small
mechanisation
•Due to seasonal nature of agriculture, the farm machinery
remains idle for much of the time. Thus idle machinery means
unnecessary costs unless proper alternate use of such machinery
in the off season is made.

24. Thank You!