This is an identification of current issues in Panadura Bus Terminal and a proposal to redesign it in a most effective manner. The project is coordinated by Department of Transport and Logistics Management of University of Moratuwa.

1. PANADURA BUS
TERMINAL

2. • Location: In western coastal belt
27km south to the capital city, Colombo
Along the Galle road
• Main ‘’A’’ routes – AA 02 (Colombo – Galle - Wellawaya)
AA 08 (Panadura – Ratnapura)
AB 27 (Old Colombo – Galle rd,
Panadura)
• Current operations: In 3 main categories
I. Local bus routes terminating at Panadura
II. Long distance bus routes terminating at Panadura
III. Bus routes heading through Panadura to/from
Colombo

4. Current bus routes under operations.
• Local Bus routes

5. • Long distance and outer city bus routes

6. • Bus routes heading from/to Colombo
through Panadura (as a transit point)

7. • Access
• Loading
• Unloading
• Boarding
• Alighting
• Transfer

8. 100 Route
Panadura -
Colombo
462 Route &
Mahabellana
450/5 Route
Panadura -
Horana
450 Route
Panadura -
Ratnapura
400/7 Route
Panadura -
Kalutara
183 Route
Panadura -
Nugegoda
Panadura – Railway
station
17 Route
Panadura - Kandy
Aluthgama/
Mathugama/
Kalutara & Long
distance buses

10. 100 /183 Routes
Colombo
/Nugegoda
450 /(450/5)
Routes
Ratnapura
/Horana
CTB buses/ Long
distance buses
Kalutara/
Aluthgama/
Mathugama &
Long distance
buses

11. A
B

12. • ATM facilities
• Shopping mall
• Taxi services
• Over Head bridge with
escalator
• Sanitary facilities

13. Major Issues Related To the
Current Facility
-PANADURA BUS TERMINAL-

14. RELATED ISSUES
AccessibilityConnectivi
ty
Supporting
facilities
Communica
tion
Safety
Organizatio
n of bus
terminal
Organizatio
n of
functions

15. • Allocated space for the private bus stand is
currently not enough, so that some private
buses are not operating at the CTB stand.

16. – No proper place is allocated for Expressway buses.
Even though these buses are in good condition,
parking and other facilities provided by the bus
stand is not enough.

17. Ergonomics
• Allocated space for the width of a queue is
not sufficient when comparing with the
international standards.
A person with luggage will be uncomfortable
with the provide space.

18. • Lack of seating facilities in CTB bus stand
where travellers should wait long hours
standing inside it while in private stand
there is no sufficient and comfortable seats
for the purpose.

19. • No facilities for differently abled people.
Both infrastructure and types of buses does
not cater the needs of these people.

20. Green concept
• No proper way of disposing waste and
drainage system.
• Environmental pollution

21. Functionality of the bus terminal
– Most of the buses are not operated according to
scheduled time tables.
• Some buses are parked idly until the next
turn

22. • Unloading of passengers by some buses are
done outside the bus stand which cause
congestion and accidents
• Passengers have to move through moving
buses in order to access buses.

23. Accessibility
• Railway station is situated far from both CTB
and Private bus terminals( app 500m).

24. • Although there is a bus service operating
towards the railway station during peak
hours, existing facility is not enough.

25. • CTB and Private stands are in two different
locations and operate separately.

26. Connectivity
– Railway station is situated about 500m away from both
CTB and private bus stands, so that the passengers have
to switch to another mode of transport in order to
connect these two services.
- There is a special bus service from railway station to bus
stands to overcome the inconvenience.

27. Supporting facilities
• Although sanitary facilities and proper
drainage systems are available,
they are not in usable conditions due to lack
of maintenance.

28. • Whole environment is full of unhygienic
things like dirt, garbage and stray dogs.

29. • No specific place to dispose the waste
materials dumped inside and surrounding of
the bus stand.
• No proper shelter, during rainy days the inner
areas can be seen flooded in the CTB bus stand.

30. • No medical facilities are available at the
stand, even though stand is situated close
proximity to medical institutes in the town
like Panadura General hospital.

31. • No specific places to meet and greet. And
also waiting places are not sufficient.

32. Technological Implementations.
– No real time information service in both CTB and
private bus services.
– No new technological implications can be seen.
– Speakers which are used to communicate between
time keeping is a hindrance to passengers
– No sign boards to direct passengers

33. Communication Systems / Methods
• No clear announcements in private stand.
• Announcements are given in only Sinhala
medium in CTB stand.

34. • No proper display of information about bus
routes and scheduled time.
• Although a few information displays are
available, their font sizes are hard to visible.

35. • Name boards containing route numbers and
the destination are not displayed for the
convenience of passengers and other users.
- A person who is visiting the bus terminal for
the first time will find difficult due to this.

36. Safety
• Passengers are not alighted at specifically
allocated places by some buses. So
accidents can happen

37. • No pedestrian crossing in front of private
stand.

38. • Private bus terminal is situated in a four-way
junction. It is very dangerous for the users
specially differently abled people.
- The time allocated for crossings is not
enough.

39. • Lack of proper maintenance of hazardous
and electrical equipment like wires.

40. SUGGESTIONS…

42. • Bus berth

43. Dimensions of bus station
• Platform length
•Space should be allocated for infrastructure and the
transition area
•Station length should be sufficient to allow buses to safely
and efficiently merge in to the traffic lane
length of longest bus * maximum number of buses
expected to serve

44. • Platform width
to minimize conflicts between boarding and alighting
passengers
• Platform height
there are 3 types of platforms
 standard curb
 level or near level boarding
 raised platform

46. • Space for services
service standards should be developed based on
 pedestrian space
 personal comfort
 degree of internal mobility
standards are presented in terms of
 average area per person
 average inter-personal space

47. • Determining required passenger waiting area

49. TECHNOLOGY IMPROVEMENTS
•Implementing ticket vending machine and modifying fare
collection
•Introducing high technology buses
•Implementing digital displays
•Introducing online booking

50. EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS
• Merging CTB and private bus stand
• Provision for short term pick ups and drop offs
• Park and ride facilities for daily commuters
• Implementing three lanes in front of the bus stand in order
to reduce the traffic
• The bus stop in front of the bus stand should be developed
in to near side bus stop
• Taxi service should be introduced with separate parking
facilities

51. SAFETY & SECURITY IMPROVEMENTS
• Implementing surveillance cameras
• Availability of security services
• Direction paths should be properly lighted and illumination
should be between 2 – 5 foot-candles
• Providing back up power for safety lighting, communication
operations and safety sensitive equipment
• Increasing night time security
• Designing bus stand to ensuring clear visibility
• Implementing active warning system for pedestrians

52. •Hazards, treats and vulnerability analysis should be done in
order to increase the safety
•Seating materials should be selected to discourages as
sleeping facilities, and designed for ease of installation and
repair
•Implementing emergency evacuation procedure
•Providing escape routes
•Pedestrian circulation routes through bus stops and
passenger waiting areas should not be blocked from view by
walls or other structures

54. ENVIRONMENT
Drainage system should be repaired and maintained
Trash cans should be placed in necessary spots and disposed
daily
Environmentally sustainable materials and practices
Reducing noise and vibrations
Following the green concept

55. ASTHETIC & CULTURAL ELEMENTS
Landscaping, street-scaping and public art should be
implemented
Low maintenance plants
Irrigation system
Traditional architectural elements of the area should be
considered
cultural, archeological and historical values of the area
should be considered

56. SOCIAL INCLUSIVENESS
Low floor buses should be introduced and it will help
differently abled people to travel easily
Station infrastructure should be made according to the height
of the buses
Providing rest rooms for bus drivers and conductors especially
in long distance buses

57. INFORMATION
Passenger information about procedures should be included
Static - Permanent signs, maps and direction paths
variable - printed information about routes and
services
real time - information which provides current
information and emergency conditions
Announcements about bus arrival and departure should be
provided
Provide information in all three languages

58. PASSENGER WAITING AREA
More waiting and seating facilities
Implementing weather shelters and it must be designed
considering passenger safety, passenger comfort, functional
similarity and ease of maintenance
Providing wi-fi facilities, news paper boxes

59. PASSENGER FRIENDLY ATMOSPHERE
Improving sanitary facilities and cleaning regularly
There should be an on call doctor to provide medical facilities
Bus stand should be maintained properly (at least once a
week)
Implementing special station markings with directional paths
for different station functions

60. WORK WITH CONSTRAINTS
• Land
Land should be purchased from public
• Funds
To construct facilities Sri Lankan firms should be used
Government can fund for the project
Private investments
• Time
Night time constructions

61. FINAL DESIGN
Sawtooth or angle berth
Merging CTB & private stands

62. REFERENCES
• Bus stop design standards and guidelines,draft april 2015, prepared by the city of
fort Collins
• Riverside transit agency Design guidelines- August 2004
• Bus rapid transit stations, APTA bus rapid transit working group, Washigton DC