KINECTIC BUILDING -QIZHONG STADIUM, CHINA

1. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
QIZHONG STADIUM, CHINA
KINETIC BUILDING
ASTHA AGARWAL

2. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
The Qizhong Forest Sports City Arena, also
known as Qizhong stadium,is a tennis arena in
Shanghai, People's Republic of China. The
complex is located on an 80-hectare area, in
the southwest of Shanghai, the Minhang District.
KINECTIC BUILDING
The sports arena, is situated in an area of ​​over
20 Km2 west of Shanghai, and includes
residences for athletes and facilities for other
sports and is designed as an adaptable
multipurpose structure to basketball games,
ping pong, volleyball or gymnastics.
The rest of the tennis complex was completed
in late 2006 and includes 39 more pitches, of
which 17 are roofed.
It was funded by the municipal government and
the Qi Zhong Group Company, and hopes to be
part of the emblematic stages of the XXI
century.
ASTHA AGARWAL

3. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
It is expected to create a world-class tennis center
compared with the Wimbledon in London and the
Roland Garros in Paris on a 15ha site.
It is aimed to realize the city's development into
movable roof system for the main stadium in this
sports center, which is introduced for sports stadiums
for the first time in China.
The national flower of China is
Paeonia suffruticosa,
therefore, it is designed and
proposed a beautiful
international tennis sports
center as the main stadium is like
the flower.
OBJECTIVE
ASTHA AGARWAL

4. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
PROJECT DETAILS
Built: 2003
Opened: October 5, 2005
Architect: This Stadium is designed by Mitsuru Senda +
Environment Design Institute.
Building cost: Construction cost about 200 million$.
Location: The stadium is located in Minhang District,
Shanghai, China.
Capacity: 15000
Introduction: The Shanghai Municipal Commission of
Construction and Administration requested international
bids in 2003, for building the stadium. The winning bid
was submitted by Japanese architect Mitsuru Senda and
his company Environment Design Institute. The Shanghai
QiZhong Forest Sports Tennis Center is planned to be an
international sport event center.
PROJECT DETAILS
ASTHA AGARWAL

5. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
STADIUM FEATURES
The Tennis Centre covers a total area of 338,836 square meters, of which 85,000 square
meters are made up of structures.
The volume rate is 0.187, the building density 15.1%, green/open space 46.1%, with parking
capacity of 993 parking spaces. The facility has 25 courts, including three main courts, namely
center court, grand stand court 2, and court 3.
The center court stadium spans 30,649 square meters. It has four floors, for a total height of 40
m (131-ft) above ground level. The center court is covered by a steel roof with eight petal-shaped
pieces (each petal weighs two tons) which resemble a magnolia, Shanghai's city flower. The
opening of the roof represents the blooming of a magnolia flower.
ASTHA AGARWAL

6. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
The roof takes eight minutes to completely open or close.
The stadium can be adapted for other international events such as basketball (as
in 2007), volleyball, ping pong, or gymnastics.
During the ATP World Tour Finals event, there was a retail zone, with the public
eating/drinking areas outside the stadium.
The movable roof of the main stadium consists of eight
petals and each petal turns around on one fulcrum at
the same time. Under the petals, there is a round
truss, which has an inverted triangle section, and it
supports petals. Each petal can move by one fulcrum
and three rails, and the total consists of cantilever
beam. It brings ability of enough strength into full play
even wind blowing during Typhoon.
MOVABLE ROOF
ASTHA AGARWAL

7. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
Since the city has much rain and strong sunshine, the roof system is considered to be
necessary. The movable roof system is extremely simple but the movement system is
taken for the first time in the world. The roof opens like flowering. When the roof opens,
many sunshades are given around the stadium. It will offer comfortable environments
like shades given by trees for people gathering inside and outside of the stadium.
ASTHA AGARWAL

8. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
ASTHA AGARWAL

9. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
The architect was inspired by the national flower
of Shanghai, the magnolia. As magnolia blossoms
are known with their ability to open and close
their petals in response to weather condition as
well as season, the stadium was designed to
respond to weather conditions by acting like a
flower allowing it to open and close its roof. The
roof enables the stadium to host both indoor and
outdoor tennis events.
CONCEPT
A view for the stadium while its roof petals are
open presenting a flower.
ASTHA AGARWAL

10. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
1. The tennis centre covers a total
area of 338,836 square meters,
of which 85,000 square meters
are made up of structures.
2. The Center has a parking with
capacity of 993 parking spaces.
It has four floors, for a total height of 40 m above
ground level.
3. The center has a 15,000-seat center court, a
6,000-seat court, and 20 indoor courts and 22
outdoor courts.
BUILDING COMPONENTS
4. There is also a tennis activity center, tennis club,
and a players’ lounge. The stadium includes journalist
working area, organizer working area, foreign
integration office, VIP reception as well as different
rest areas.
ASTHA AGARWAL

11. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
A plan showing different components
and seating area for QiZhong Forest
Sports City Tennis Centre.
SEATING PLAN
ASTHA AGARWAL

12. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
Kineticism in the Building
As the weather in Shanghai varies between much rains and strong sun, a roof system for the stadium was
necessary. The dynamic roof system is installed in order to respond to changing weather conditions. When
the weather is sunny, the roof petals are opened providing sunshades all around the stadium. On the other
hand, when the weather is rainy, roof petals are set to close. Also, this dynamic roof system is used to
control the internal temperature of the stadium. When the roof petals are opened, they help drawing cool air
from the outside down to the seating area. On the other hand, when the petals are closed, the stadium is kept
warm by re-circulating the warm air the rises and ducting it back to under the seats.
The Shanghai QiZhong Forest Sports City
Tennis Centre has a dynamic roof. The roof
of the main stadium consists of eight
moveable petals that can be opened and
closed.
(a) A drawing for the stadium roof while in a close state.
(b) A drawing for the stadium roof while in an open state.
Reason for Motion
ASTHA AGARWAL

13. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
Kinetic Design Key Elements
A. Structural Innovation & Materials Advancement
The tension ring structure was used for the
stadium that creates strong and reliable
Colosseum-shape.
Each of the moveable petals is a steel cantilever
structure system. Each petal was constructed on
the ground before hand and tested, then raised to
the roof. This system allows the structure of the
stadium as well as the dynamic roof to resist bad
weather conditions, strong wind and typhoons.
Structural System
Used Materials
Steel, glass and aluminum were used in the stadium,
while 15050 m2 of aluminum sheets were used for the
construction of the moveable roof petals.
ASTHA AGARWAL

14. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
B. Embedded Computation / Control Mechanism
Although the moveable roof is extremely
simple, the movement system is the first time
in the world to be used. Each of the eight
moveable roof petals moves and turns around
on one fulcrum, all at the same time. Under
each petal, a round truss with an inverted
triangle section is located supporting the
petal. Each moveable petal can move by one
fulcrum and three rails. This mechanical
system allows the roof to be opened in 8
minutes.
ASTHA AGARWAL

15. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
The QiZhong Forest Sports City Tennis Center dynamic roof.
(a) A close view for the roof petals while they are closed.
(b) (b) A close view for the roof petals while they are being opened.
ASTHA AGARWAL

16. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
Indoor Environment Quality: The design of the
stadium added a sense of unity between players and
spectators. Also, the dynamic roof created a
comfortable environment for both players and
spectators. Moreover, this dynamic roof makes it
possible to host different events and activities.
Building Visual Quality: The kinetic roof petals of
the QiZhong Forest Sports City Tennis Centre don't
only create a landmark for Shanghai, but they also
create an efficient building altogether. At night, when
the tennis center is lighted up, it glows and radiates
light in all directions.
Other Features
ASTHA AGARWAL

17. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
Adaptive Architecture
This Sports center creates an entertainment environment. Kineticism was used as
roof elements that allow the structure to respond to different conditions, control
indoor environment and host other international indoor sports events such as
basketball, volleyball, ping pong, or gymnastics.
ASTHA AGARWAL

18. Group
SUSHANT SCHOOL OF ART AND
ARCHITECTURE, GURGAON, HARYANA
ASTHA AGARWAL
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