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Application of GIS in Telecommunication

Table of Contents
Chapter 01: Introduction

02

Telecommunication

02

Significance of Telecommunication

02

Role of GIS in Telecommunication

03

Telecommunication as Backbone

03

Chapter 02: Case Study
Planning Flexible Coverage Network Plan

05
05

GIS in Pakistan

08

Bibliography

09

List of Figures
01. Fig 1.2 Role of GIS in Telecommunication

03

02. Fig 1.3 GIS as Backbone

04

03. Fig 2.1.1 1m DEM

05

04. Fig 2.1.2 Vector Representation of Ottawa

05

05. Fig 2.1.3 30m DEM

05

06. Fig 2.1.4 Classification Ottawa State (15 Classes)

05

07. Fig 2.1.5 Demand per Building

06

08. Fig 2.1.6 Step by Step Operation

06

09. Fig 2.1.7 Final Traffic Map

07

10. Fig 2.1.8 Statistical Analysis

08

11. Fig 2.1.9 Cell Loading Map

08

Session 2013-2015

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Application of GIS in Telecommunication
1. Introduction
Earlier days, communication was done by smoke signal, drums, and cravings on wall or other
things etc. But now a day, modern technologies like telephones, television, wireless, and
internet etc. are the source of communication at a distance.
“Tele-communications has been defined as a technology concerned with communicating from
a distance.” (TARMO, 2003)
All this tremendous advancements has turned the world into a global village. So everyone has
to coop up with emerging technologies in order to survive efficiently. It is now the
requirement of today’s world.
As said by Ron Digrandi, director of business development, time warner cable
“…, but you will die if you stay stagnant analyzing and utilizing data in the same old way.”

1.1 Significance of Telecommunication
Telecommunication has over-taken the old and traditional ways of communication in past
few years. With its efficiency, low cost, high customer’s service, and large coverage area.
By international telecommunication union (ITU),
“Global telecommunications equipment and service revenue annually exceed US $575
billion.”
It plays an important role in the everyday life of any individual. All the modern operations
are highly effected by the technologies and are fully dependent of telecommunication. They
have essential impact in the community. As they developed the most complicated but
operational network system.
According to TARMO, 2003,
“There are 500-600 fixed telephones per 1000 inhabitants in north America and Europe.”
The estimation of the economic development of any country can be deduced by its
advancement in the telecommunication service.

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Application of GIS in Telecommunication
1.2 Role of GIS in Telecommunication
Geographic information system (GIS) as a tool will enable telecommunication
professionals to integrate maps and information to make better decisions. From planning and
maintaining network infrastructure to administering mobile telephone coverage, managing
existing customers, and finding new ones. GIS users rely on location-based data to find the
answers. GIS allows carriers to keep track of customer mobility and trends in the amazing
bandwidth requirements driven by entertainment and internet services. Viewing information
on a map makes it quicker and more intuitive than relying on spreadsheets and other tabular
data. (Omogunloye, 2013).

Fig 1.2 Role of GIS In Telecommunication
1.3 Telecommunication as a Backbone
As mentioned earlier, telecommunication served the best way to perform the task in short
time span. So, any field of the life is incomplete without its use.

Session 2013-2015

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Application of GIS in Telecommunication
For example, you have to deal with the emergency situation in some remote place, what are
sources of communication??? The communication relied on cellular mobiles and radio
telephones that had poor coverage areas as compared to the telecomm phones. The more
reliable and worldwide way of communication with large coverage areas are: GSM (Global
System for Mobile) and UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication Network). For
updating yourself, the emergency management team uses social media, internet, and remote
sensing device so they can act properly.
“Nevertheless, during times of confusion, face-to-face communications proved to be the most
effective means of getting activities underway.” (Dantas, 2006)
It is clear now that communication plays an important role. And if it is aided by the GIS
techniques, what else you need!

Fig 1.3 GIS as Backbone

Session 2013-2015

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Application of GIS in Telecommunication
2. Case Study
To fully understand the role of GIS in the field of
telecommunications, let’s try few of the examples that use the
techniques of GIS.
2.1 Planning Flexible Coverage Plan
The project was conducted by the

Fig 2.1.1 1m DEM

Director,
Wireless
Development
Northwood Technologies in the year 2011in Ottawa, Canada.
Bernard

Breton

As it is a wireless software company, so their objective was to
present a simple process for network planning using “Demandcentric approach”.
Tasks and Aims
The main tasks were:

Fig 2.1.2 Vector Data

 Model the usage traffic of wireless network.
 Predict the future market
GIS Tools
The GIS techniques and tools that were used:
1. Review the spatial information
2. Classification
Fig 2.1.3 30m DEM
3. Raster operations
4. Extracting the formula
Step by Step Operation
The following are the points extracted from the project study
that help us to understand the application of GIS in telecomm
sector.
1. Required a high resolution 1m DEM to extract the
building heights.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Fig 2.1.4 Classification

Vector data, so to obtain the building footprints.
Low resolution 30m DEM.
Classification of 30 m DEM into 15 classes.
Estimation of the demand in the working time for. That helps to estimate their needs.

Session 2013-2015

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Application of GIS in Telecommunication
6. Calculate the building heights. Building
heights can be used to calculate the
number of floors. While Demand is
directly proportional to the height of the
building.
7. Calculating the area of the footprints of
the building helps to estimate the
number of offices.
Fig 2.1.5 Demand
8. Then apply Query operation to extract the lager buildings. (> 0.0002mi2)
9. Extract the heights of those larger buildings.
Fig 2.1.6 Steps of Calculation

Session 2013-2015

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Application of GIS in Telecommunication
10. Calculate the number of users by using
formula.
11. Calculate the demand per building.
12. Represent the final traffic model. The
unit of demand per building is mbit/s.

Fig 2.1.7 Demand per Building
Results
This is the final map of usage of the wireless communication.
 With Red color showing the maximum usage. (1.45-6.90 mbit/s or 30 buildings)
 And Dark Blue shows the minimum usage (0-0.06 mbit/s or 270 buildings)

Fig 2.1.7 Final Traffic Model
Statistical Analysis
The total possible comparison between the demand and the serve by the Northwood company
is shown below:

Session 2013-2015

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Application of GIS in Telecommunication
 Total Demand: 429.9 mbit/s
 Served Demand: 367.5 mbit/s (85.5%)
 Target Buildings: 1539
 Served Buildings: 1166 (75.8%)

Fig 2.1.8 Statistical Analysis
Indirect Information
One more information from the above
analysis that can be extracted is Cell Loading
analysis.
 The Red color shows maximum
loading

areas

(30-100%

or

314

buildings).
 The Green highlights the minimum
loading

areas.

buildings).

(0-20%

or

1069
Fig 2.1.9 Cell Loading

GIS in Pakistan
Although it is still a new field in Pakistan, but in the meantime a lot options are there to
explore. GIS is goining to be the trademark for those companies who have done automation
in their fields.
For example, in the year 2012, 10th Aug, PTCL (Pakistan Telecommunication Limited
Company) was honored by the “ESRI Special Achievement in GIS Awards 2012” for its
outstanding work in Islamabad sector. That includes: Base-Map development, Access
Network in Network Engineer (GIS), Copper/Fiber Network Planning and PTCL Capacity
Building etc.
Session 2013-2015

Page 8
Application of GIS in Telecommunication
Bibliography
1. Dantas A., Seville E., and Nicholson A. (Mar, 2006). Information Sharing during
Disaster Can we do it better?
2. Dr. Omogunloye O.G., Qaadri J. A., Mrs. Omogunloye H.B., and Oladiboye O.E.
(Mar-Apr, 2013). Analysis of Mast Management Distribution and Telecommunication
Service Using Geospatial Technique. OSR Journal Of Environmental Science,
Toxicology And Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) e-ISSN: 2319-2402, p-ISSN:
2319-2399. Volume 3, Issue 3, PP 58-75.
3. Trnka J., and Dr Sivertun A. GIS In Emergency Management As A Core Information
System And Related New Requirements To Emergency Telecommunication. IDA
Linköping University.
4. Breton
Northwood
Flexible

B.
Technologies

Director,
Inc.

Wireless
Planning

and

Development
Executing

Coverage

a
Plan,

https://kambing.ui.ac.id/.../Wireless%20Telecom%20Software%20Solutions.ppt

Session 2013-2015

Page 9

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Gis in telecomm

  • 1. Application of GIS in Telecommunication Table of Contents Chapter 01: Introduction 02 Telecommunication 02 Significance of Telecommunication 02 Role of GIS in Telecommunication 03 Telecommunication as Backbone 03 Chapter 02: Case Study Planning Flexible Coverage Network Plan 05 05 GIS in Pakistan 08 Bibliography 09 List of Figures 01. Fig 1.2 Role of GIS in Telecommunication 03 02. Fig 1.3 GIS as Backbone 04 03. Fig 2.1.1 1m DEM 05 04. Fig 2.1.2 Vector Representation of Ottawa 05 05. Fig 2.1.3 30m DEM 05 06. Fig 2.1.4 Classification Ottawa State (15 Classes) 05 07. Fig 2.1.5 Demand per Building 06 08. Fig 2.1.6 Step by Step Operation 06 09. Fig 2.1.7 Final Traffic Map 07 10. Fig 2.1.8 Statistical Analysis 08 11. Fig 2.1.9 Cell Loading Map 08 Session 2013-2015 Page 1
  • 2. Application of GIS in Telecommunication 1. Introduction Earlier days, communication was done by smoke signal, drums, and cravings on wall or other things etc. But now a day, modern technologies like telephones, television, wireless, and internet etc. are the source of communication at a distance. “Tele-communications has been defined as a technology concerned with communicating from a distance.” (TARMO, 2003) All this tremendous advancements has turned the world into a global village. So everyone has to coop up with emerging technologies in order to survive efficiently. It is now the requirement of today’s world. As said by Ron Digrandi, director of business development, time warner cable “…, but you will die if you stay stagnant analyzing and utilizing data in the same old way.” 1.1 Significance of Telecommunication Telecommunication has over-taken the old and traditional ways of communication in past few years. With its efficiency, low cost, high customer’s service, and large coverage area. By international telecommunication union (ITU), “Global telecommunications equipment and service revenue annually exceed US $575 billion.” It plays an important role in the everyday life of any individual. All the modern operations are highly effected by the technologies and are fully dependent of telecommunication. They have essential impact in the community. As they developed the most complicated but operational network system. According to TARMO, 2003, “There are 500-600 fixed telephones per 1000 inhabitants in north America and Europe.” The estimation of the economic development of any country can be deduced by its advancement in the telecommunication service. Session 2013-2015 Page 2
  • 3. Application of GIS in Telecommunication 1.2 Role of GIS in Telecommunication Geographic information system (GIS) as a tool will enable telecommunication professionals to integrate maps and information to make better decisions. From planning and maintaining network infrastructure to administering mobile telephone coverage, managing existing customers, and finding new ones. GIS users rely on location-based data to find the answers. GIS allows carriers to keep track of customer mobility and trends in the amazing bandwidth requirements driven by entertainment and internet services. Viewing information on a map makes it quicker and more intuitive than relying on spreadsheets and other tabular data. (Omogunloye, 2013). Fig 1.2 Role of GIS In Telecommunication 1.3 Telecommunication as a Backbone As mentioned earlier, telecommunication served the best way to perform the task in short time span. So, any field of the life is incomplete without its use. Session 2013-2015 Page 3
  • 4. Application of GIS in Telecommunication For example, you have to deal with the emergency situation in some remote place, what are sources of communication??? The communication relied on cellular mobiles and radio telephones that had poor coverage areas as compared to the telecomm phones. The more reliable and worldwide way of communication with large coverage areas are: GSM (Global System for Mobile) and UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication Network). For updating yourself, the emergency management team uses social media, internet, and remote sensing device so they can act properly. “Nevertheless, during times of confusion, face-to-face communications proved to be the most effective means of getting activities underway.” (Dantas, 2006) It is clear now that communication plays an important role. And if it is aided by the GIS techniques, what else you need! Fig 1.3 GIS as Backbone Session 2013-2015 Page 4
  • 5. Application of GIS in Telecommunication 2. Case Study To fully understand the role of GIS in the field of telecommunications, let’s try few of the examples that use the techniques of GIS. 2.1 Planning Flexible Coverage Plan The project was conducted by the Fig 2.1.1 1m DEM Director, Wireless Development Northwood Technologies in the year 2011in Ottawa, Canada. Bernard Breton As it is a wireless software company, so their objective was to present a simple process for network planning using “Demandcentric approach”. Tasks and Aims The main tasks were: Fig 2.1.2 Vector Data  Model the usage traffic of wireless network.  Predict the future market GIS Tools The GIS techniques and tools that were used: 1. Review the spatial information 2. Classification Fig 2.1.3 30m DEM 3. Raster operations 4. Extracting the formula Step by Step Operation The following are the points extracted from the project study that help us to understand the application of GIS in telecomm sector. 1. Required a high resolution 1m DEM to extract the building heights. 2. 3. 4. 5. Fig 2.1.4 Classification Vector data, so to obtain the building footprints. Low resolution 30m DEM. Classification of 30 m DEM into 15 classes. Estimation of the demand in the working time for. That helps to estimate their needs. Session 2013-2015 Page 5
  • 6. Application of GIS in Telecommunication 6. Calculate the building heights. Building heights can be used to calculate the number of floors. While Demand is directly proportional to the height of the building. 7. Calculating the area of the footprints of the building helps to estimate the number of offices. Fig 2.1.5 Demand 8. Then apply Query operation to extract the lager buildings. (> 0.0002mi2) 9. Extract the heights of those larger buildings. Fig 2.1.6 Steps of Calculation Session 2013-2015 Page 6
  • 7. Application of GIS in Telecommunication 10. Calculate the number of users by using formula. 11. Calculate the demand per building. 12. Represent the final traffic model. The unit of demand per building is mbit/s. Fig 2.1.7 Demand per Building Results This is the final map of usage of the wireless communication.  With Red color showing the maximum usage. (1.45-6.90 mbit/s or 30 buildings)  And Dark Blue shows the minimum usage (0-0.06 mbit/s or 270 buildings) Fig 2.1.7 Final Traffic Model Statistical Analysis The total possible comparison between the demand and the serve by the Northwood company is shown below: Session 2013-2015 Page 7
  • 8. Application of GIS in Telecommunication  Total Demand: 429.9 mbit/s  Served Demand: 367.5 mbit/s (85.5%)  Target Buildings: 1539  Served Buildings: 1166 (75.8%) Fig 2.1.8 Statistical Analysis Indirect Information One more information from the above analysis that can be extracted is Cell Loading analysis.  The Red color shows maximum loading areas (30-100% or 314 buildings).  The Green highlights the minimum loading areas. buildings). (0-20% or 1069 Fig 2.1.9 Cell Loading GIS in Pakistan Although it is still a new field in Pakistan, but in the meantime a lot options are there to explore. GIS is goining to be the trademark for those companies who have done automation in their fields. For example, in the year 2012, 10th Aug, PTCL (Pakistan Telecommunication Limited Company) was honored by the “ESRI Special Achievement in GIS Awards 2012” for its outstanding work in Islamabad sector. That includes: Base-Map development, Access Network in Network Engineer (GIS), Copper/Fiber Network Planning and PTCL Capacity Building etc. Session 2013-2015 Page 8
  • 9. Application of GIS in Telecommunication Bibliography 1. Dantas A., Seville E., and Nicholson A. (Mar, 2006). Information Sharing during Disaster Can we do it better? 2. Dr. Omogunloye O.G., Qaadri J. A., Mrs. Omogunloye H.B., and Oladiboye O.E. (Mar-Apr, 2013). Analysis of Mast Management Distribution and Telecommunication Service Using Geospatial Technique. OSR Journal Of Environmental Science, Toxicology And Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) e-ISSN: 2319-2402, p-ISSN: 2319-2399. Volume 3, Issue 3, PP 58-75. 3. Trnka J., and Dr Sivertun A. GIS In Emergency Management As A Core Information System And Related New Requirements To Emergency Telecommunication. IDA Linköping University. 4. Breton Northwood Flexible B. Technologies Director, Inc. Wireless Planning and Development Executing Coverage a Plan, https://kambing.ui.ac.id/.../Wireless%20Telecom%20Software%20Solutions.ppt Session 2013-2015 Page 9