Semantic Web Applications in Libraries: The Road to BIBFRAME

1. SemWeb & BIBFRAME Semantic Web Applications in Libraries: The Road to BIBFRAME #bibframe Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

2. BIBFRAME: Agenda Intro The Road to BIBFRAME: Linked Data and Libraries BIBFRAME Requirements, Expectations, Objectives BIBFRAME Model BIBFRAME Ecosystem: Data Representation and Communication Current questions/work Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

3. What is BIBFRAME? The Bibliographic Framework Initiative will re-imagine and implement a bibliographic environment for a post-MARC world. Key dates: May 2011 – Initiative announced. October 2011 – LC publishes general plan May 2012 – Zepheira LLC contracted to evaluate related initiatives and data modeling November 2012 – LC publishes high-level model document January 2013 – LC publishes http://bibframe.org/ which includes a draft vocabulary August 2013 – Primary Use Cases and Requirements formally recorded and established January 2014 – Vocabulary 1.0. Implementation experiments begin. Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

4. Before BIBFRAME 1999 A simple metadata data model Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

5. Before BIBFRAME ca. 2007-2010 URIs for People (and, later, Organizations, Places, etc.) Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

6. Before BIBFRAME 2009 Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

7. ID: What is it? ID makes LC owned or maintained data available as Linked Data. LC Subject Headings (May 2009) LC Children's Subject Headings (May 2009) LC Genre Forms Terms (June 2011) LC Name Authority File (August 2011) LC Classification (Select Classes) (June 2012) Thesaurus of Graphic Materials (June 2010) PREMIS Vocabularies (some in 2010; all in 2013) MARC Relators (June 2010) MARC Geographic Areas (January 2011) MARC Countries (January 2011) MARC Languages (January 2011) MARC Organizations (May 2013) ISO 639-1 (January 2011) ISO 639-2 (January 2011) ISO 639-5 (January 2011) Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

8. Before BIBFRAME 2011 Bibliographic data! Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

9. Before BIBFRAME 2011-2012 URIs for People, Organizations, Places, etc. Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

10. Before BIBFRAME 2011-2012 URIs for People, Organizations, Places, etc. And Works. Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

11. Before BIBFRAME 2011 Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

12. Before BIBFRAME Additional efforts: AGROVOC (FAO) National Diet Library (Japan) Spanish National Library Dewey Decimal Classification Europeanna STW Thesaurus for Economics USDA National Agricultural Library Getty Vocabularies Hungarian National Library Norwegian University of Science and Technology And many more... Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

13. BIBFRAME Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

18. BIBFRAME http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n92062246 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79007751 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n80016154 Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

19. BIBFRAME Increasing User Expectations URIs, URIs, URIs Reduced ambiguity Decentralization of data Ability to annotate or otherwise augment data Flexibility – for future cataloging and uses Leverage technology while leaving librarians to their areas of expertise Web-ready/web-accessible – more openness Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

20. What is BIBFRAME? Requirements/expectations: Content model agnostic (RDA, DACS, CCO) Must support RDA cataloging Description and management for all types of library holdings Traditional materials, such as books and serials, But also digital materials, such as born-digital video, ebooks. Provision for data that supports bibliographic description Authority data, Holdings, Classification Replace MARC Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

21. BIBFRAME Bibliographic Framework Initiative and Linked Data Linked Data RDF Vocabulary/Data Model Network-based technological protocols For the web, on the web Relationships Links replace strings = Reduced maintenance URIs = authority Atomicity = flexibility Relationship to MARC MARC has provided means for data representation MARC has been a suitable communication format Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

22. BF Model & Vocab Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

23. BF Model & Vocab Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

24. BIBFRAME Core Classes Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

25. BIBFRAME Work Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

26. BIBFRAME Work Resource reflecting the conceptual essence of the cataloged item Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

27. BIBFRAME Work Instance Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

28. BIBFRAME Work Instance Resource reflecting a material embodiment of a BIBFRAME Work Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

29. BIBFRAME Work Instance Authority Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

30. BIBFRAME Work Instance Authority Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills Resource reflecting key authority concepts that have defined relationships to Works and Instances 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

31. BIBFRAME Authority For a Person Organization Family Meeting Jurisdiction Place Topic Temporal Concept Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

32. BIBFRAME Authority A Local Access Point May have its own HTTP URI Enables data aggregation Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

33. BIBFRAME Authority <http://bibframe.org/auth/person/charles_robert_darwin> a bf:Person ; bf:authorizedAccessPoint “Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882” ; bf:hasAuthority <http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n78095637> ; A Local Access Point May have its own HTTP URI Enables data aggregation bf:variantLabel “Darwin, Charles Robert, 1809-1882” ; bf:variantLabel “ 達爾文 , 1809-1882” ; bf:varianLabel “1882-1809, ‫; ”تشارلز داروين‬ bf:bioSource <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Charles_Darwin> ; dbpprop:fields <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Natural_history> ; foaf:depiction <http://upload.wikimedia.org/Charles_Darwin_seated_crop.jpg> . Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

34. BIBFRAME Annotation Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

35. BIBFRAME Annotation Assertions about the other core class elements Works – reviews, abstract, excerpts Instances – holdings, book cover images Name authority – author information Administrative metadata Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

36. BIBFRAME Annotations (cont'd) Annotations matter when it is important to know who makes an assertion. Annotations are no less important than Work or Instances or Authorities. Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

37. BIBFRAME Annotations (cont'd) Annotations are additional assertions Local, as in holdings Local, selected reviews External, publisher description By contrast Works and Instances could be controlled. Authorship does not change. Place of Publication doesn't change. Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

38. BIBFRAME annotates BIBFRAME BIBFRAME Annotation Annotation target Rating Rating BIBFRAME BIBFRAME Work Work annotates Halo: Reach Halo: Reach annotator http://www.esrb.org/32424 http://www.esrb.org/32424 annotator BIBFRAME BIBFRAME Annotation Annotation Annotation Agent Annotation Agent ESRB ESRB target Rating Rating Annotation Agent Annotation Agent Common Sense Media Common Sense Media Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills http://www.commonsensemedia.org/halo-reach http://www.commonsensemedia.org/halo-reach 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

39. BIBFRAME Ecosystem As Turtle <http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/12010145> a bf:Work; bf:title "Las aventuras de Huck;"; bf:classificationLCC <http://id.loc.gov/.../classification/PS1305>; bf:primaryLanguage <http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/languages/spa>; bf:authorizedAccessPoint "Twain, Mark,...Huckleberry Finn. Spanish"; bf:translationOf <http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/huck-finn>; bf:uniformTitle "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Spanish". <http://id.loc.gov/resources/instances/12010145> a bf:Instance; bf:dimensions "18 cm."; bf:extent "v. <1- >"; bf:illustrationNote "col. plates."; bf:instanceOf <http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/12010145>; bf:note "Author's pseud., Mark Twain, at head of title."; bf:title "Las aventuras de Huck;" . Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

40. BIBFRAME Ecosystem As RDF/XML <rdf:RDF xmlns:bf="http://bibframe.org/vocab/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <bf:Instance rdf:about="http://id.loc.gov/resources/instances/12010145"> <bf:dimensions>18 cm.</bf:dimensions> <bf:extent>v. <1- ></bf:extent> <bf:illustrationNote>col. plates.</bf:illustrationNote> <bf:instanceOf rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/12010145" /> <bf:note>Author's pseud., Mark Twain, at head of title.</bf:note> <bf:title>Las aventuras de Huck;</bf:title> </bf:Instance> <bf:Work rdf:about="http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/12010145"> <bf:title>Las aventuras de Huck;</bf:title> <bf:classificationLCC rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/.../classification/PS1305" /> <bf:primaryLanguage rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/languages/spa" /> <bf:authorizedAccessPoint> Twain, Mark,...Huckleberry Finn. Spanish </bf:authorizedAccessPoint> <bf:translationOf rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/huck-finn" /> <bf:uniformTitle>Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Spanish</bf:uniformTitle> </bf:Work> </rdf:RDF> Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

41. BIBFRAME Ecosystem As JSON-LD { "@graph": [ { "@id": "http://id.loc.gov/resources/instances/12010145", "@type": "http://bibframe.org/vocab/Instance", "http://bibframe.org/vocab/dimensions": "18 cm.", "http://bibframe.org/vocab/extent": "v. <1- >", "http://bibframe.org/vocab/illustrationNote": "col. plates.", "http://bibframe.org/vocab/instanceOf": { "@id": "http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/12010145" }, "http://bibframe.org/vocab/note": "Author's pseud., Mark Twain, at head of title.", "http://bibframe.org/vocab/title": "Las aventuras de Huck;" }, { "@id": "http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/12010145", "@type": "http://bibframe.org/vocab/Work", "http://bibframe.org/vocab/authorizedAccessPoint": "Twain, Mark,...Huckleberry Finn. Spanish", "http://bibframe.org/vocab/title": "Las aventuras de Huck;", "http://bibframe.org/vocab/translationOf": { "@id": "http://id.loc.gov/resources/bibs/huck-finn" }, "http://bibframe.org/vocab/uniformTitle": "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Spanish" } ] } Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

42. BIBFRAME Ecosystem Machine understands Gobbledygook. Data exchange: Present day OPAC Patron understands, but... Z39.50/SRU ILS Database Interface for... Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills Developer works with... Cataloger works with... 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

43. BIBFRAME Ecosystem Machine understands. Data exchange: The future? Patron understands. ILS Web Layer Developer works with... ILS Database Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills Cataloger works with... 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

44. BIBFRAME Ecosystem Be on the Web.... Structured data is exposed at the ILS Web Layer. ILS Web Layer HTTP is the transport protocol. (Versus Z39.50)* ILS Web Layer itself becomes a service. Customary OPAC, of course, but also: Search API Data access APIs Web triggers send, receive packets ILS Database Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

45. BIBFRAME Ecosystem Be on the web... Bringing the data out of the silo. The possibility with combining data representation & communication. Today Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

46. BIBFRAME Ecosystem Be on the web... Bringing the data out of the silo. The possibility with combining data representation & communication. Tomorrow Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

47. BIBFRAME Current and Recent Work ● Starting to test implementation ideas ● Continue to add to vocabulary ● Discussion papers ● ● ● ● Communication use cases (OAI, Z39.50, triggers) ● See the “BIBFRAME Use Cases and Requirements” document Prototype BIBFRAME Input Tool ● Experimental implementation of profiles Aggregates (serials and collections) Continue to work up test cases for data modeling ● See http://bibframe.org/tools/tests/ Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC

49. BIBFRAME Review the vocabulary, compare MARC to BIBFRAME, transform your data to BIBFRAME: http://bibframe.org/ Join the conversation: http://listserv.loc.gov/listarch/bibframe.html Grab some code: https://github.com/lcnetdev/marc2bibframe Thanks. Questions? Kevin Ford Email: kefo@loc.gov Twitter: @3windmills Kevin Ford NDMSO, Library of Congress Email: kefo@loc.gov / Twitter: @3windmills 19 February 2014 The Semantic Web Coming of Age NISO Virtual Conference, Washington, DC