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Dementia




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Thesis


                                                           • The development of dementia is rapidly
                                                             increasing, much too fast for scientists to
                                                             find a way to treat or prevent it.




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Personal Relevance

                                                           • I choose to research dementia because it is
                                                             becoming more and more common as the
                                                             years go on. I would like to go into the
                                                             health field for my career and this is
                                                             something I need to know about that is not
                                                             taught very often.




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Audience Relevance

                                                           • You should learn about dementia because it
                                                             can happen to anyone, and it would be
                                                             good for you to know what to do to try
                                                             and prevent it.




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Overview
                                                           • What is Dementia
                                                           • Diagnosis
                                                           • Treatment
                                                           • Prevention
                                                           • Caring for people with Dementia
                                                           • Application
                                                           • Activity




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
What is Dementia?




     •        Not one disease



     •        Considered a mental health problem



     •        Described as a collection of symptoms that affects someone’s lifestyle



     •         Symptoms can be from a bunch of disorders



     •        (http://newcreationperson.files.wordpress.com/2009/10/question_marks.jpg)



BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
How Common is
                                                                    Dementia???
                                                           •   24.3 million people world
                                                               wide have dementia

                                                           •   Could jump to as many as 84
                                                               million people in 2040

                                                           •   1 in every 1000 person will
                                                               develop dementia between 40
                                                               and 65

                                                           •   1 in 5 for people over the age of
                                                               80




1)(Dementia Facts and Statistics) Studies taken in 2005
2)(Dementia Facts And Statistics: Present And Future)
3) (Dementia Statistics)




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
5.3 Million



1)In the US 2010

     •         African Americans are twice as likely to develop dementia then Caucasian



     •         Hispanics are half times more likely to be stricken with it



     •         (http://www.deseretnews.com/article/700015488/Minorities-more-likely-to-develop-Alzheimers-report-shows.html)




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Continued
                                                                                                         20


                                                                                                         15


                                                                                                     10


                                                                                                     5

                                                           1900   1950   1995                        0
                                                                                2010
                                                                                       2030
                                                                                              2050




1900- 4 percent
1950-8 percent
1995-13 percent
2010-13.5 percent
2030-20 percent
2050-20 percent
(Sonja M. Lillrank, M.D., Ph.d.) 8



BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Who is Most Likely to
                                                            Develop Dementia
                                                           • Elderly people
                                                           • People who have had a family
                                                               member with it
                                                           •   People who smoke and drink




1)usually over the age 65
2) b/c its in your genes
3) kills o brain cells
(http://www.consumerreports.org/health/conditions-and-treatments/
dementia/what-is-it/risk-factors.htm)




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Cont..

                                                           • People with down syndrome
                                                           • People with Atherosclerosis
                                                           • People with diabetes



1)they develop brain damage similar to Alzheimer's by middle age
2) Hardening of the arteries (restricting blood flow)
(http://www.consumerreports.org/health/conditions-and-treatments/
dementia/what-is-it/risk-factors.htm)




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Types of Dementia
                                                           • Cortical Dementia
                                                           • Subcortical Dementia
                                                           • Progressive Dementia
                                                           • Primary Dementia
                                                           • Secondary Dementia



1)damage to the brain that a ects the cortex of the the brain or the outer layer
(causes problems with memory, language, thinking, and social behavior
2)dementia that a ects parts of the brain below the cortex (causes changes in
emotion, and movement)
3)Dementia that only gets worse and starts to a ect ones ability to do everything
activities
4)dementia like Alzheimer’s disease and doesn’t result from any other disease
5)dementia that is caused from physical disease or injury (can a ect people with other
disorders that a ect mobility and functions like parksins
Health reference series 99)


BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Disorders That Mimic
                                                                Dementia
                                                           • Mental Retardation
                                                           • Amnesia
                                                           • Sundowners syndrome
                                                           • Delirium
                                                           • Normal Aging


2)Partial or complete loss of memory
3) a certain time of the day when they have a complete personality
change
4) disturbed state of mind that occurs in fever, intoxication, and other
disorder
(health reference center)




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Alzheimer's and
                                                                     Dementia
                                                           • “Senile dementia”
                                                           • Most common cause of dementia
                                                           • Alzheimer’s is a disease that effects your
                                                               memory, personality
                                                           •   Progressive disease




1)can be referred to as senile dementia severe mental deterioration,old
age, described as loss of memory and control over bodily functions
2)gets worse as it goes on within five to ten years
(Dementia: Hope Through Research: National Institute of Neurological
Disorders and Stroke (NINDS))




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Cont.
                                                           • It is the cause of 100,000 deaths/year
                                                           • Fourth leading cause of death in senior adults
                                                           • $100 billion dollars is spent a year for things
                                                             related to Alzheimer's
                                                           • Although they continue to research a cure for
                                                             Alzheimer’s scientist work hard every day to
                                                             try and find one




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Condition That
                                                               Can Contribute to
                                                                   Dementia
                                                           •               Medication

                                                           •         Nutritional Deficiencies

                                                           •   Infections <meningitis, encephalitis>

                                                           •                Poisoning

                                                           •              Brain tumors




1)reactions to medicine can look like dementia symptoms the look alike symptoms can come on
very fast or develop over time
2) Not enough thymine V-B can mess with your mental abilities (forget recent events) can cause
pellagra (children who are young but look really old)(may include dementia)
3) infections of the brain or the membrane surrounding the brain confusion or delirium < confusion
or sudden severe dementia, less social interaction, poor judgement, memory loss>
4)lead or heavy metals, or other poisoning substances can cause symptoms of dementia
5)Rare, damage to the brain can lead to the development of dementia
(Health Reference Series 108-109)
(Dementia: Hope Through Research: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS))




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Causes of Dementia
                                                           • Scientists can’t really say what exactly
                                                               causes dementia or how dementia occurs
                                                               but...
                                                           •    Dead nerve cells or the loss of
                                                               communication of nerve cells
                                                           • Genetics can help cause dementia


Health reference center 110-111




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Signs of Dementia

                                                           • Sudden mood changes
                                                           • Less sociable
                                                           • Becoming uncomfortable with different
                                                             people or places that aren’t familiar




     •             (Signs Of Dementia | Is A Loved One Showing (Signs Of Dementia | Is A Loved One Showing
                   These Subtle But Crucial Signs? | Signs Of Dementia) Subtle But Crucial Signs? | Signs Of
                   Dementia)




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Symptoms of Dementia
                                                            • Memory loss
                                                            • Personality change
                                                            • Disorientation
                                                            • Bad concentration
                                                            • Mood swings



1)they start to forget things that happened that day
2)they start to act unusual
3)they might think that they are somewhere they’re not or in another
year
4)moods change quickly and easily

               Memory Loss and Dementia | Health | Patient UK




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Changes in Sleep


     •             People with Dementia sometimes have trouble with their sleep

     •             Can have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep

     •             Reverse their sleep patterns completely

     •             They become restless annoyed and confused at the end of the day

     •             They might sleep all day and be awake all night vise versa

     •             (http://healthhabits.files.wordpress.com/2009/06/sleep-garfield.jpg) pic

BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Cont...
                                                           • Behavior becomes harder to deal with
                                                           • Patients start to hallucinate and have more
                                                             delusions (sundowning)
                                                           • Doctors think that it is caused by the
                                                             excitement of the day and the disruptions
                                                             in their sleep patterns
                                                             • Should avoid caffeine, alcohol, and
                                                               smoking
                                                             • Should go to bed at the same time every
                                                               night and get up at the same time

1)Sundowning-




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Dementia and the Brain




     •             Makes the brain smaller

     •             Effects how much blood and oxygen is given to the brain

     •             Short term memory is the first thing to go

     •             As it gets worse patients will start to forget everyday things

     •             (http://compassionatecannabis.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/brain1.jpg)



BRITTANY B GROSS    Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
A Normal Aged Brain & A Brain With
                                                                      Alzheimer’s




the top one is a regular aged brain and the bottom one is a brain with
Alzheimer's the darker the color the more a ected it is




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
What part of the brain is
                                                                  affected




http://www.ftdrg.org/wp-content/uploads/brain_colour_cropped.jpg
pic




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Diagnosis




     •        1)The person would go to see a Neurologist -the doctor needs to know why the person has come, the
              symptoms and when they started, and if there has been any progression and if there has how much

     •        2) Doctors ask questions about the person’s history- doctor will do a regular check up looking for any
              symptoms, hypertension (high blood pressure) could possibly mean vascular dementia and a fever could
              maybe be an infection

     •        3)Perform a physical exam- things like reflexes, sensation, coordination, senses, language skills,
              balance, and walking which is controlled by the nervous system

     •        (http://fc00.deviantart.net/fs33/f/2008/310/1/2/The_Doctor_by_irn_bru.png)


BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Diagnosis cont..

                                                           • Brain scans
                                                           • Laboratory Tests
                                                           • Psychiatric Evaluation
                                                           • Pre symptomatic testing


1)might want to run a electroencephalograph (EEGs) (shows the brains electrical
impulses fewer impulses means that the brain is damaged)
2)Regular blood and urine test to for syphilis or AIDS (any disease that can cause
secondary dementia) Would see a psychiatrist
3)to help diagnose dementia or rule out the conditions (such as kidney failure..can
lead to symptom
4)doctors can’t test for symptoms before to see if a person will develop dementia but
they can test to see if they are at risk if they have a disease like Huntington's
(Health reference series pg. 114-116 )
(Dementia: Hope Through Research: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and
Stroke (NINDS))

BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Treatment

                                                                    • No treatments to stop or
                                                                          reverse the damage the
                                                                          disease has already caused
                                                                    • Doctors can give medication



  •   1)to make the symptoms a little better and slow down the progression of the disease

  •   usually progresses over the years

  •   (Health reference series 117 )

  •   Medicines- cholinesterase inhibitors- aricept, exelon, ad razadyne (they boost the level of chemicals that affectyour judgement and memory) side affects VND

  •   Antidepressant- it regulates the a antidepressant called SSRI (serotonin reputake inhibitors) it treats mood problems that is associated with dementia

  •   Memantine- Alzheimer's drug that regulate the chemicals that affect how the brain works and it may improve memory and learning

  •   Antipsychotic Drugs- used to help anxiety, delusions, behavior problems, and sleep problems ( Risperdal and Zyprexa.)

  •   Doctors can also give medications for hypertension (high blood pressure) heart disease, and diabetes (might contribute to dementia)

  •   (Medications Used for Dementia | eHow.com)

  •   Medications Used to Control Dementia

  •   (Dementia: Hope Through Research: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS))




BRITTANY B GROSS     Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Prevention


2)Participate in in stimulating activities-board games reading etc.
3 Exercise -It helps maintain hormonal levels and helps the release of
chemicals that is needed for the nerves in the brain
4)Scientist are still researching other ways
http://printstationary.net/signs/images/t1.jpg pic




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
To Help to Become
                                                             More Comfortable

                                                           • Keep noise activity down
                                                           • Have comfortable temperature
                                                           • Make sure there is no pain at bedtime
                                                           • A night light is helpful


4)in case they wake up in the middle of the night could help with
confusion
Lizabeth Hardman




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Keeping Independence

                                                           • You can leave the person by their
                                                             selves when dementia is in its first
                                                             stages
                                                           • Have a nurse or health care worker stop by
                                                             frequently
                                                           • Pay attention to how the individual is acting


1)with frequent checks from a neighbor or family member
2)to make sure they are taking their medications as needed
3) to make sure they aren’t any major changes and if there is make a
plan for them to be taken care of

     •             Lizabeth Hardman 59-60




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Maintaing their physical
                                                                   health
                                                           • They should keep good Physical health
                                                           • Regular aerobic exercise
                                                           • Walking or swimming
                                                           • Using weights
                                                           • Doing Yoga or Tai Chi


2) & 3) increases blood flow to the brain lowers blood pressure and makes
the lungs and heart stronger helps with your weight, restlessness,
boredom, and helps with depression.
4)maintains muscle mass increases strength and metabolism which helps
with weight and blood sugar
5)creates flexibility which can help prevent falls and injury

     •         Lizabeth Hardman 61-62

     •         (http://www.caregiver.com/articles/general/activities_people_dementia.htm)

BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Maintaing Mental
                                                                    Health
                                                           • Should be very sociable
                                                           • The person can read, play cards, and do
                                                             paper activities like crosswords or word
                                                             searches
                                                           • Keep a regular daily routine


1)prevents the feeling of being isolated and lonely
2)keeps the mind focus
3)allows them to refresh and and reinforce the pattern of their behavior
every day


     • Lizabeth Hardman 62-63
BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Caring for people with
                                                                 Dementia

                                                           • Can be overwhelming
                                                           • Frustrating
                                                           • Very emotional



     •             (http://www.caregiver.org/caregiver/jsp/content_node.jsp?
                   nodeid=891)




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Calm Down and take a
                                                                  break

                                                           • Try counting from one to ten
                                                           • Take deep breaths
                                                           • Leave the room for a second and take a
                                                             break




     •             (http://www.caregiver.org/caregiver/jsp/content_node.jsp?
                   nodeid=891)




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Cont..

                                                           • Ask for help
                                                           • Communicate with the person who is
                                                             receiving the care
                                                           • Be sure to do for yourself



1)so that you don’t feel overwhelmed and like you have to do
everything by yourself
2)It will make it easier
3)




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Make it Easier

                                                           • Family disease
                                                           • Adaptive
                                                           • Make a name tag or ID badge
                                                           •


1)It’s is called a family disease because usually a child, spouse, or
family member is the one providing the day to day care
2)You need to learn how to adapt to new things (what works today
might not work the next day)
3)include their name, illness, and telephone number
(http://www.agis.com/Eldercare-Basics/Mental-and-Physical-Health/
Alzheimers/Caring-for-Someone-With-Dementia/)



BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Application




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
What I did!!
                                                           • Sing along
                                                           • Arcadia Department
                                                           • Evaluation
                                                           • Talked to Meng about the facility



1) we bought people from the lower level
2)We went back to the lower level and did things like sayings, puzzles,
put it back in the right spot, read, dominos (math),
3)we wrote down who was active and who participated and who didn’t,
and how people responded




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
we would tell them the shape has one hole and show them that a
certain section had one rod and let them put it on there




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
numbers game it was math you place the domino with the same
amount of dots on the paper with the rectangle with the same amount
of dots




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
small but big enough to stimulate their mind




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Activity

                                                           • I let you feel ten objects in the beginning of
                                                             the class and tell you what they are then i
                                                             will do the same at the end without telling
                                                             what it is to see if you remember




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Works Cited
                                                              •
                                                              •




                                                                      Lizabeth Hardman 61-62


                                                              •       Health reference series pg. 98)


                                                              •       (http://elibrary.bigchalk.com/elibweb/elib/do/document?set=search&d…licationId=&urn=urn%3Abigchalk%3AUS
                                                                      %3BBCLib%3Bdocument%3B167305238 Page 1 of 2)


                                                           7) http://www.consumerreports.org/health/conditions-and-treatments/dementia/what-is-it/risk-factors.htm




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Works Cited

                                                           •   Health reference series 99)


                                                           •   Lizabeth Hadman 62-63


                                                           •   How Does Dementia Affect Your Brain?) - ))Blurtit

                                                           •   Health reference series pg. 114-116

                                                           •   (Jennifer Hay) 73-79




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
Works cited


                                                           •   Dementia Treatment & Prevention Options - OmniMedicalSearch.com

                                                           (http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/dementias/
                                                                detail_dementia.htm#1484719213




BRITTANY B GROSS   Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET

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Dementia powerpoint

  • 1. Dementia BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 2. Thesis • The development of dementia is rapidly increasing, much too fast for scientists to find a way to treat or prevent it. BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 3. Personal Relevance • I choose to research dementia because it is becoming more and more common as the years go on. I would like to go into the health field for my career and this is something I need to know about that is not taught very often. BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 4. Audience Relevance • You should learn about dementia because it can happen to anyone, and it would be good for you to know what to do to try and prevent it. BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 5. Overview • What is Dementia • Diagnosis • Treatment • Prevention • Caring for people with Dementia • Application • Activity BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 6. What is Dementia? • Not one disease • Considered a mental health problem • Described as a collection of symptoms that affects someone’s lifestyle • Symptoms can be from a bunch of disorders • (http://newcreationperson.files.wordpress.com/2009/10/question_marks.jpg) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 7. How Common is Dementia??? • 24.3 million people world wide have dementia • Could jump to as many as 84 million people in 2040 • 1 in every 1000 person will develop dementia between 40 and 65 • 1 in 5 for people over the age of 80 1)(Dementia Facts and Statistics) Studies taken in 2005 2)(Dementia Facts And Statistics: Present And Future) 3) (Dementia Statistics) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 8. 5.3 Million 1)In the US 2010 • African Americans are twice as likely to develop dementia then Caucasian • Hispanics are half times more likely to be stricken with it • (http://www.deseretnews.com/article/700015488/Minorities-more-likely-to-develop-Alzheimers-report-shows.html) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 9. Continued 20 15 10 5 1900 1950 1995 0 2010 2030 2050 1900- 4 percent 1950-8 percent 1995-13 percent 2010-13.5 percent 2030-20 percent 2050-20 percent (Sonja M. Lillrank, M.D., Ph.d.) 8 BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 10. Who is Most Likely to Develop Dementia • Elderly people • People who have had a family member with it • People who smoke and drink 1)usually over the age 65 2) b/c its in your genes 3) kills o brain cells (http://www.consumerreports.org/health/conditions-and-treatments/ dementia/what-is-it/risk-factors.htm) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 11. Cont.. • People with down syndrome • People with Atherosclerosis • People with diabetes 1)they develop brain damage similar to Alzheimer's by middle age 2) Hardening of the arteries (restricting blood flow) (http://www.consumerreports.org/health/conditions-and-treatments/ dementia/what-is-it/risk-factors.htm) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 12. Types of Dementia • Cortical Dementia • Subcortical Dementia • Progressive Dementia • Primary Dementia • Secondary Dementia 1)damage to the brain that a ects the cortex of the the brain or the outer layer (causes problems with memory, language, thinking, and social behavior 2)dementia that a ects parts of the brain below the cortex (causes changes in emotion, and movement) 3)Dementia that only gets worse and starts to a ect ones ability to do everything activities 4)dementia like Alzheimer’s disease and doesn’t result from any other disease 5)dementia that is caused from physical disease or injury (can a ect people with other disorders that a ect mobility and functions like parksins Health reference series 99) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 13. Disorders That Mimic Dementia • Mental Retardation • Amnesia • Sundowners syndrome • Delirium • Normal Aging 2)Partial or complete loss of memory 3) a certain time of the day when they have a complete personality change 4) disturbed state of mind that occurs in fever, intoxication, and other disorder (health reference center) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 14. Alzheimer's and Dementia • “Senile dementia” • Most common cause of dementia • Alzheimer’s is a disease that effects your memory, personality • Progressive disease 1)can be referred to as senile dementia severe mental deterioration,old age, described as loss of memory and control over bodily functions 2)gets worse as it goes on within five to ten years (Dementia: Hope Through Research: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 15. Cont. • It is the cause of 100,000 deaths/year • Fourth leading cause of death in senior adults • $100 billion dollars is spent a year for things related to Alzheimer's • Although they continue to research a cure for Alzheimer’s scientist work hard every day to try and find one BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 16. Condition That Can Contribute to Dementia • Medication • Nutritional Deficiencies • Infections <meningitis, encephalitis> • Poisoning • Brain tumors 1)reactions to medicine can look like dementia symptoms the look alike symptoms can come on very fast or develop over time 2) Not enough thymine V-B can mess with your mental abilities (forget recent events) can cause pellagra (children who are young but look really old)(may include dementia) 3) infections of the brain or the membrane surrounding the brain confusion or delirium < confusion or sudden severe dementia, less social interaction, poor judgement, memory loss> 4)lead or heavy metals, or other poisoning substances can cause symptoms of dementia 5)Rare, damage to the brain can lead to the development of dementia (Health Reference Series 108-109) (Dementia: Hope Through Research: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 17. Causes of Dementia • Scientists can’t really say what exactly causes dementia or how dementia occurs but... • Dead nerve cells or the loss of communication of nerve cells • Genetics can help cause dementia Health reference center 110-111 BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 18. Signs of Dementia • Sudden mood changes • Less sociable • Becoming uncomfortable with different people or places that aren’t familiar • (Signs Of Dementia | Is A Loved One Showing (Signs Of Dementia | Is A Loved One Showing These Subtle But Crucial Signs? | Signs Of Dementia) Subtle But Crucial Signs? | Signs Of Dementia) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 19. Symptoms of Dementia • Memory loss • Personality change • Disorientation • Bad concentration • Mood swings 1)they start to forget things that happened that day 2)they start to act unusual 3)they might think that they are somewhere they’re not or in another year 4)moods change quickly and easily Memory Loss and Dementia | Health | Patient UK BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 20. Changes in Sleep • People with Dementia sometimes have trouble with their sleep • Can have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep • Reverse their sleep patterns completely • They become restless annoyed and confused at the end of the day • They might sleep all day and be awake all night vise versa • (http://healthhabits.files.wordpress.com/2009/06/sleep-garfield.jpg) pic BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 21. Cont... • Behavior becomes harder to deal with • Patients start to hallucinate and have more delusions (sundowning) • Doctors think that it is caused by the excitement of the day and the disruptions in their sleep patterns • Should avoid caffeine, alcohol, and smoking • Should go to bed at the same time every night and get up at the same time 1)Sundowning- BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 22. Dementia and the Brain • Makes the brain smaller • Effects how much blood and oxygen is given to the brain • Short term memory is the first thing to go • As it gets worse patients will start to forget everyday things • (http://compassionatecannabis.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/brain1.jpg) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 23. A Normal Aged Brain & A Brain With Alzheimer’s the top one is a regular aged brain and the bottom one is a brain with Alzheimer's the darker the color the more a ected it is BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 24. What part of the brain is affected http://www.ftdrg.org/wp-content/uploads/brain_colour_cropped.jpg pic BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 25. Diagnosis • 1)The person would go to see a Neurologist -the doctor needs to know why the person has come, the symptoms and when they started, and if there has been any progression and if there has how much • 2) Doctors ask questions about the person’s history- doctor will do a regular check up looking for any symptoms, hypertension (high blood pressure) could possibly mean vascular dementia and a fever could maybe be an infection • 3)Perform a physical exam- things like reflexes, sensation, coordination, senses, language skills, balance, and walking which is controlled by the nervous system • (http://fc00.deviantart.net/fs33/f/2008/310/1/2/The_Doctor_by_irn_bru.png) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 26. Diagnosis cont.. • Brain scans • Laboratory Tests • Psychiatric Evaluation • Pre symptomatic testing 1)might want to run a electroencephalograph (EEGs) (shows the brains electrical impulses fewer impulses means that the brain is damaged) 2)Regular blood and urine test to for syphilis or AIDS (any disease that can cause secondary dementia) Would see a psychiatrist 3)to help diagnose dementia or rule out the conditions (such as kidney failure..can lead to symptom 4)doctors can’t test for symptoms before to see if a person will develop dementia but they can test to see if they are at risk if they have a disease like Huntington's (Health reference series pg. 114-116 ) (Dementia: Hope Through Research: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 27. Treatment • No treatments to stop or reverse the damage the disease has already caused • Doctors can give medication • 1)to make the symptoms a little better and slow down the progression of the disease • usually progresses over the years • (Health reference series 117 ) • Medicines- cholinesterase inhibitors- aricept, exelon, ad razadyne (they boost the level of chemicals that affectyour judgement and memory) side affects VND • Antidepressant- it regulates the a antidepressant called SSRI (serotonin reputake inhibitors) it treats mood problems that is associated with dementia • Memantine- Alzheimer's drug that regulate the chemicals that affect how the brain works and it may improve memory and learning • Antipsychotic Drugs- used to help anxiety, delusions, behavior problems, and sleep problems ( Risperdal and Zyprexa.) • Doctors can also give medications for hypertension (high blood pressure) heart disease, and diabetes (might contribute to dementia) • (Medications Used for Dementia | eHow.com) • Medications Used to Control Dementia • (Dementia: Hope Through Research: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 28. Prevention 2)Participate in in stimulating activities-board games reading etc. 3 Exercise -It helps maintain hormonal levels and helps the release of chemicals that is needed for the nerves in the brain 4)Scientist are still researching other ways http://printstationary.net/signs/images/t1.jpg pic BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 29. To Help to Become More Comfortable • Keep noise activity down • Have comfortable temperature • Make sure there is no pain at bedtime • A night light is helpful 4)in case they wake up in the middle of the night could help with confusion Lizabeth Hardman BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 30. Keeping Independence • You can leave the person by their selves when dementia is in its first stages • Have a nurse or health care worker stop by frequently • Pay attention to how the individual is acting 1)with frequent checks from a neighbor or family member 2)to make sure they are taking their medications as needed 3) to make sure they aren’t any major changes and if there is make a plan for them to be taken care of • Lizabeth Hardman 59-60 BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 31. Maintaing their physical health • They should keep good Physical health • Regular aerobic exercise • Walking or swimming • Using weights • Doing Yoga or Tai Chi 2) & 3) increases blood flow to the brain lowers blood pressure and makes the lungs and heart stronger helps with your weight, restlessness, boredom, and helps with depression. 4)maintains muscle mass increases strength and metabolism which helps with weight and blood sugar 5)creates flexibility which can help prevent falls and injury • Lizabeth Hardman 61-62 • (http://www.caregiver.com/articles/general/activities_people_dementia.htm) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 32. Maintaing Mental Health • Should be very sociable • The person can read, play cards, and do paper activities like crosswords or word searches • Keep a regular daily routine 1)prevents the feeling of being isolated and lonely 2)keeps the mind focus 3)allows them to refresh and and reinforce the pattern of their behavior every day • Lizabeth Hardman 62-63 BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 33. Caring for people with Dementia • Can be overwhelming • Frustrating • Very emotional • (http://www.caregiver.org/caregiver/jsp/content_node.jsp? nodeid=891) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 34. Calm Down and take a break • Try counting from one to ten • Take deep breaths • Leave the room for a second and take a break • (http://www.caregiver.org/caregiver/jsp/content_node.jsp? nodeid=891) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 35. Cont.. • Ask for help • Communicate with the person who is receiving the care • Be sure to do for yourself 1)so that you don’t feel overwhelmed and like you have to do everything by yourself 2)It will make it easier 3) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 36. Make it Easier • Family disease • Adaptive • Make a name tag or ID badge • 1)It’s is called a family disease because usually a child, spouse, or family member is the one providing the day to day care 2)You need to learn how to adapt to new things (what works today might not work the next day) 3)include their name, illness, and telephone number (http://www.agis.com/Eldercare-Basics/Mental-and-Physical-Health/ Alzheimers/Caring-for-Someone-With-Dementia/) BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 37. Application BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 38. What I did!! • Sing along • Arcadia Department • Evaluation • Talked to Meng about the facility 1) we bought people from the lower level 2)We went back to the lower level and did things like sayings, puzzles, put it back in the right spot, read, dominos (math), 3)we wrote down who was active and who participated and who didn’t, and how people responded BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 39. we would tell them the shape has one hole and show them that a certain section had one rod and let them put it on there BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 40. BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 41. numbers game it was math you place the domino with the same amount of dots on the paper with the rectangle with the same amount of dots BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 42. small but big enough to stimulate their mind BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 43. Activity • I let you feel ten objects in the beginning of the class and tell you what they are then i will do the same at the end without telling what it is to see if you remember BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 44. Works Cited • • Lizabeth Hardman 61-62 • Health reference series pg. 98) • (http://elibrary.bigchalk.com/elibweb/elib/do/document?set=search&d…licationId=&urn=urn%3Abigchalk%3AUS %3BBCLib%3Bdocument%3B167305238 Page 1 of 2) 7) http://www.consumerreports.org/health/conditions-and-treatments/dementia/what-is-it/risk-factors.htm BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 45. Works Cited • Health reference series 99) • Lizabeth Hadman 62-63 • How Does Dementia Affect Your Brain?) - ))Blurtit • Health reference series pg. 114-116 • (Jennifer Hay) 73-79 BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET
  • 46. Works cited • Dementia Treatment & Prevention Options - OmniMedicalSearch.com (http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/dementias/ detail_dementia.htm#1484719213 BRITTANY B GROSS Friday, April 23, 2010 11:41:38 AM ET