This is a presentation on climate-smart agriculture adoption program in Tanzania.

1. TANZANIA CLIMATE SMART
AGRICULTURE PROGRAM (DRAFT)
By Mary Majule
Ministry of Agriculture Food Security and Cooperatives - Tanzania
Presented at Climate and Agriculture Network for Africa (CANA) Training
08th May 2015 – Nairobi, Kenya

2. Outline
• Need for CSA Program
• Introduction
• Agricultural Production Trends
• Vision and Objectives
• Programmatic Result Areas
• Coordination Framework

3. Need for CSA Program
CSA Program Preparation Process
• GoT efforts to mainstream Climate Change
Considerations
• The EAC 3RD Meeting of the Sectoral Council on
Environment and Natural Resources held from 27th-31st
January 2014 in Bujumbura
– Establishment of NCSATF
• NEPAD Climate Change Fund
– COMESA, EAC, SADC and the CGIAR Research
Program CCAFS support
• Joint Consultative Approach by MAFC & VPO guided by
Multi-stakeholder / Multi-disciplinary Expert Team
• Agriculture Climate Resilience Plan (2014 – 2019)

4. Action 2
Accelerate uptake of
Climate Smart
Agriculture
Action 3
Reduce impacts of
climate-related shocks
through improved risk
management
Action 1
Improve agricultural land
and water management
Action 4
Strengthen knowledge
and systems
to target climate action
ACRP Priority Resilience Actions

5. Introduction
• The agriculture sector is a key to overall economic
growth and development of Tanzania.
– It provides livelihood to over 80% of the population,
– generates about 24.1% of GDP,
– contributes 30% of export earnings and
– employs 75% of the total labor force
• Smallholder farmers dominate the agricultural
sector
– average farm sizes is between 0.2 and 2.0 hectares

6. Share of Agriculture in GDP
YEAR SECTOR (percent)
Agriculture Industry Services Other (Net Indirect
Taxes)
2005 26.9 20.8 42.5 26.9
2006 25.3 20.8 43.3 25.3
2007 25.0 21.2 43.3 25.0
2008 24.9 21 43.8 24.9
2009 23.8 22 43.6 23.8
2010 24.1 21 49.5 24.1
2011 24.7 21 50 24.7
2012 24.8 21 50 24.8
2013 24.7 25 47.7 24.7

7. Agricultural Production Trends
• Tanzania is endowed with 44 million ha
– 46% of total land is suitable for agriculture.
• Only 32 % of the arable land is cultivated. The
other part is not cultivated due to
– infertile soils, soil erosion, degradation and
proneness to drought.
• Area suitable for irrigation is about 29.4
million ha, of which only 1.5% ha is under
irrigation.

8. Food Crop Yield

9. Industrial Crop Yield

10. Livestock Population Trend

11. Aquaculture production Trends

12. Food Consumption & Nutrition
Trends
• Cereals, roots and tubers serve as staples
• Frequency of vegetable consumption is high
but do not contribute substantially to nutrient
intake.
• Frequency of meat and milk consumption is
extremely low,
• Under nutrition is still highly prevalent.
– More than a 1/3 of children under five years are
affected by chronic malnutrition (stunting).

13. Prevalence of nutrient deficiencies
Category of population
affected
Type of deficiency and percent affected
PED Anaemia IDD VAD
Children under-five years 52.0 45.0 13.0 30.0
Pregnant and lactating
women
13.0 80.0 52.0 0.7
Remaining groups 20.0 20.0 40.0 0.1
General population 28.0 32.0 25.0 6.1

14. Enabling Policy Environment
• Regional level
– CAADP
– EAC
– SADC
• Macro-economic level
– TDV
– NSGRP II
• Sectoral Policies and Strategies
– Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries
– Environment and Climate Change
– Land, Land use and Forestry

15. Trend in Agricultural Financing

16. Agricultural Production Trends…
• Constraints to Agriculture Development and
Growth
– Land Degradation and Soil Health
– Climate Change and Variability
– Agricultural Finance and Investments

17. Climate change impacts in Tanzania with respect to temperature under
lower (RCP 4.5) and higher (RCP 8.5) greenhouse gas emissions scenarios

18. Climate change impacts in Tanzania with respect to precipitation in Tanzania
under lower (RCP 4.5) and higher (RCP 8.5) greenhouse gas emissions scenarios

19. VISION AND OBJECTIVES
The Vision is
“Agricultural sector that sustainably
increases productivity enhances climate
resilience and food security for the national
economic development in line with Tanzania
Vision 2025”.

20. Vision and Objectives…
Objectives
1. Increase productivity of the agricultural sector
through (appropriate) climate smart agriculture
practices that consider gender.
2. Enhance climate resilience of agricultural and
food systems.
3. Strengthen policy, legal and institutional
framework to increase efficiency and effective
implementation of climate smart agriculture.

21. Vision and Objectives…
4. Improve infrastructure to support value
addition, marketing, trade and postharvest
management.
5. Develop financing mechanisms to solicit
resources through national, international and
public private partnerships to support
climate smart agriculture.

22. Result Area 1: Improved
Productivity and incomes
Component 1: Improved productivity and
nutrition
Output 1: Improved technologies adopted by
smallholder farmers and yields of staple crops
(maize, rice, cassava and beans) increased by
50% by 2025
Output 2: Production of poultry, cattle, small
ruminants and pigs increased by 30% through
adoption of improved technologies

23. Result Area 1 …
Output 3: Productivity of cultured fish (tilapia
and other freshwater fish) increased by 50
percent and other freshwater and marine fish
increased by 25% by 2025.
Output 4: Stunting and underweight in children
as well as mineral deficiencies in children and
women of reproductive age reduced by 50% by
2025.

24. Result Area 1 …
Component 2: Irrigation and water management
Output 1: Irrigation schemes productivity increased by 25
percent and integrated farming systems increased by 50%
by 2025
Output 2: 1.5 million ha of irrigation developed by 2025 to
benefit 2.3 million households.
Output 3: 500,000 ha of integrated farming systems with
sustainable water harvesting and management systems
developed by 2025 to benefit 700,000 households.

25. Result Area 1 …
Component 3: Improved Food Storage and
Distribution
Output 1: Post harvest losses along staple food crops
(maize, rice, cassava, beans), horticultural crops,
livestock and fish value chains reduced by 30% by 2025.
Output 2: Private sector capacity enhanced to store
5000 Mt of grain annually and to process and package
50% of cereals, cassava and sorghum products annually
by 2025.

26. Result Area 1 …
Component 4: Increased Growth of Incomes
Output 1: Income from food and cash crop production
by men and women increased by 20% and 30 percent,
respectively by 2025.
Output 2: Income from livestock production by men and
women increased by 20% and 25% respectively by
2025.
Output 3: Income from culture fish production by men
and women increased by 20% by 2025.

27. Result Area 2: Building resilience and
associated mitigation co-benefits
Component 1: Improve soil health and restore
degraded lands
Output 1: Adoption of climate smart technologies and
sustainable land management practices by 5 million
households by 2025
Output 2: Technology dissemination and adoption for
scaling up of CSA and SLM promoted by 2025.
Output 3:C SA and SLM knowledge to support policy
and investment decision making generated and
adequately managed by 2025

28. Result Area 2 …
Component 2:Conservation of Natural Resources and
Catchments
Output 1: The National REDD+ Strategy implemented in
25% of Natural forests in the country by 2025
Output 2:Farm/community forest cover increased by 20%
by 2025
Component 3: Insurance and Other Safety Nets
Output 1: Crop and livestock weather-indexed insurance
increased by 30% by 2025

29. Result Area 2 …
Component 4: Early Warning System and Emergency
Preparedness
Output 1: A Comprehensive Early Warning System and
Contingency Plan developed and implemented by 2017
Component 5: Synergies in adaptation and mitigation
enhanced
Output 1: Reduction of GHG emissions intensity from
the agriculture sector

30. Result Area 3: Value Chain
Integration
Component 1: Development of new agricultural
products
Output 1: At least two new commercially viable
products developed from each of the staple crops,
horticultural crops, livestock and fisheries by 2025.
Output 2: Efficient pilot value chains developed for two
selected commodities in each agro-ecological zone.

31. Result Area 3 …
Component 2: Increased competitiveness and enhanced
integration into domestic, regional and international
markets
Output 1: Marketed output of food and cash crops, livestock
and fish products by smallholders increased by 50% by 2025
Output 2: Export of non-traditional agricultural
commodities by men and women smallholders increased by
50% by 2025
Output 3: Grading and standardization systems of
agricultural commodities (crops, livestock and fish)
developed and improved

32. Result Area 4: Research for
Development and Innovations
Component 1: Agricultural research funding and Uptake
of Agricultural Technologies and Innovations along the
Value Chain
Output 1: Increased funding in research and development
and innovations by 50percent by 2025
Output 2: Adoption of improved CSA technologies and
practices by men and women along the value chain
increased by 30percent by 2025.
Component 2: Research Extension Linkage strengthened
and made functional by 2018
Output 1: Research Extension Linkage and made functional
by 2018

33. Result Area 5: CSA Knowledge,
Extension and Agro-weather Services
Component 1: CSA knowledge generation and
dissemination
Output 1: Robust CSA Knowledge Management System
(Platform/Hub) across the country
Output 2: Synthesis reports and case studies on CSA best
approaches and guidelines prepared and disseminated
Output 3: Multimedia CSA knowledge products, training
and communications packages produced
Output 4: CSA knowledge networks and partnerships
strengthened

34. Result Area 5 …
Component 2: Enhance extension, climate information
services and agro- weather advisories
Output 1: Agro-climate information services and timely-
use of agro-weather products increased by 40percent by
2025.

35. Result Area 6: Improved
Institutional Coordination
Component 1: Improve Inter-Ministerial and Local
Government Coordination
Output 1: A joint platform for collaboration between
ministries responsible agriculture, livestock, fisheries,
environment, forestry, water, finance and planning
established and strengthened by end of 2015
Component 2: Partnerships with private sector and
civil society organizations
Output 1: A platform for private sector and CSOs
engagement with national and local governments
established and strengthened by end of 2017

36. Result Area 6 …
Component 3: Programmatic Coordination with
Development Partners strengthened
Output 1: GoT – Development Partner Coordination
and Collaboration strengthened and Development
Partners fund a common Country CSA Program by
end of 2015

37. Coordination
Coordination
Coordination Framework

38. Participatory Monitoring and
Evaluation (PM&E)
• PM&E framework that ensures the project
targets are met and learning achieved will be
an emphasis of the proposed investment plan.
• Capacity building in PM&E
• The tools for M&E will include the programme
log frame, annual work plan and budget.
• Audit of project activities constitutes part of
M&E system.

39. Way forward
• MAFC is organizing the Stakeholder Workshop to
validate the Country CSA Program
• Mobilization of resources for CSA Program
On the other hand;
• MAFC and FAO are in process to prepare and
disseminate CSA Guideline
• FAO have shown interest to support implementation
of ACRP under action 2 of Accelerating Uptake of CSA