This presentation focuses on several elements of NAPs like climate adaptation in agriculture, inter-sectoral analysis under climate change scenarios and much more.

1. SESSION 12
•
GLF Discussion Forum: National Adaptation
Plans (NAPs) --Opportunities for cross-sector
synergies in the nexus between water, food
security, forests and energy

2. NAP LEARNING WORKSHOP

3. NAP SIDE EVENT

4. Planning climate adaptation in agriculture:
Meta-synthesis of national adaptation plans in
West and East Africa and South Asia
Gabrielle Kissinger, Donna Lee, Victor Orindi

5. 1 Policy overview
• National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) established in 2010 by the UNFCCC
to help facilitate effective medium- and long-term adaptation planning
and implementation in developing countries, in particular Least
Developed Countries (LDCs) (FCCC/CP/2011/9/Add.1)
• Adaptation Committee est. under Cancun Adaptation Framework
promote the implementation of enhanced action on adaptation.
Special attention paid to facilitation of NAPs by non-LDC developing
country Parties. Will contribute to, and not duplicate work of the Least
Developed Countries Expert Group (LEG) to support LDC national
adaptation plan processes and the Subsidiary Body for Implementation
(SBI) on the work programme concerning loss and damage.
• LEG Technical Guidelines for NAPs.
NAPs and Agriculture: A
learning workshop

6. NAPAs and NAPs
Source: Kissinger, G. and T. Namgyel, 2013. NAPAs and NAPS in Least Developed Countries. IIED LDC Paper Series.

7. Multiple sectors: finding adaptation solutions
Agriculture
Forestry
Water
Urban/municipal
Transportation
Energy
Livelihoods

8. World Bank: Economics of Impacts of Climate
Change (EACC) in Ethiopia
Inter-sectoral analysis (agriculture, roads and
hydropower) under climate change scenarios:
• Agriculture at greater risk than hydropower.
• If priority given to hydropower, up to a
billion cubic meters of water might be taken
away from irrigated agriculture, causing a
30–40% yield drop across 250,000 hectares
that would be forced to revert to rainfed
conditions.

9. Strategy design/implementation
Integration with development and agric sector plans
• Structural and institutional issues: Agency
mandates, capacity,
• Integrated adaptation assessments and integrated
action plans
• How to strategically place adaptation priorities within
the broader national policy framework?
• Align and mainstream into national development or
sector plans …and leverage donor funds for ‘additional’

10. Adaptation plan implementation and
funding
• Implementation funding: from?
• Timeline for implementation of
activities, including review
• Iteratively assess conflicts and synergies
with national development or sectoral
plans
• Engage monitoring and evaluation (M&E)
system early: initial focus on process
elements not outcomes…occur at all scales
and involve stakeholders.

11. NAP finance
GEF Council support for NAP processes
through LDCF and SCCF
Planning
Prepatory
activities
Implementation*
* GEF Council support for these activities unclear at
this time

12. Stakeholder
engagement
Capacity
building

13. National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and
agriculture: A learning workshop

14. Key agencies to facilitate NAP integration
and cross-sector planning
CC Integra on Guidelines
3
3
3
6
3
4
3
4
5
NAP$
3
Central(Policy(‘Pool
Actor/Ins3tu3on(Environment

15. NAP Barriers
Table: Prioritization of barriers countries face in NAPs
Barrier
Frequency
cited
Lack of organization in access to finance
Lack of dedicated finance instruments for CC
at national level
Insufficient consideration of climate issues in
nat’l policies and programmes
Unclear funding for implementation
Inadequate appreciation of investments in
adaptation
Lack of long-series climate data
High cost of int’l expertise and infrastructure
and tools for climate research
Need for financial planning
Lack of baseline data/info
5
5
Graph: Country NAP 'Barriers' by Metasynthesis category
4
3
3
2
2
2
2
Implementa on
39%
Design and Strategy
of Methods
16%
Risk Assessment and
ranking
45%

16. Thank you!
Gabrielle Kissinger
Principal, Lexeme Consulting
gabrielle@lexemeconsulting.com
NAPs and Agriculture: A

17. Kenya’s National Adaptation
Planning
NAPs: Cross-sector synergies in the nexus between
water, food security, forests and energy
University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
S M King’uyu
Climate Change Secretariat
Ministry of Environment, Water & Natural Resources, Kenya
stephen.kinguyu@gmail.com/www.kccap.info

18. Multi-stakeholder approach
Mwananchi
Development
Partners
Media
CSOs
NCCAP
Private
Sector
Academia
GoK
Stakeholders are:
 Like fish: You catch them at their own terms, not on the fisher’s terms!
 Like eggs: You handle them with care! We must speak their language!

19. Nexus indeed!

20. Ghana Climate Change Adaptation
Strategy Planning Process – The
Akropong Approach
Delali Kofi Nutsukpo, MoFA,
Dr. C Dzomorozo, CSIR-ARI and Daniel T. Benefor, EPA

21. Introduction
•
To effectively address the nexus of food
security, water, forest and energy within a landscapes
context requires effective planning
•
Such a planning process should be multi-sectoral and
iterative involving multi stakeholders
•
The process approach for developing Ghana’s NCCS
provides an opportunity

22. Planning Process
•
The integration of individual sectoral adaptation options in national
development can be challenging as they can not be considered in
isolation.
•
Under the NCCS process sectoral experts was assembled to
select from a list of adaptation (75) options across the various
climate vulnerable sectors that were assessed.

23. Planning Process
•
The proposed adaptation options were harmonised across sectors
using qualitative and quantitative analysis.
•
An impact planning and methodological analysis tool was used to
assess inter-relationships between the sectoral options, and to
identify both synergies and conflicts

24. The Planning Process
•
The multi-criteria analysis (MCA) was used to evaluate and rank the
options for selection.
•
Selected adaptation options clearly highlighted the synergies and
conflicts between the various options
•
Result was further subjected to wider stakeholder MCA analysis for
review and endorsement.

25. The Planning Process
•
The revised adaptation programmes were further harmonised
based on ecosystem and programmatic approach.
•
This resulted in 10 cross sectoral adaptation programmes

26. Priority Adaptation programmes
Item
Titles of Adaptation Programmes
1.
Increasing resilience to climate change impacts: identifying and enhancing early warning systems
2.
Alternative livelihoods: minimizing impacts of climate change for the poor and vulnerable
3.
Enhance national capacity to adapt to climate change through improved land use management
4.
Adapting to climate change through enhanced research and awareness creation
5.
Development and implementation of environmental sanitation strategies to adapt to climate change
6.
Managing water resources as climate change adaptation to enhance productivity and livelihoods
7.
Minimizing climate change impacts on socio-economic development through agricultural diversification
8.
Minimizing climate change impacts human health through improved access to healthcare
9.
Demand- and supply-side measures for adapting the national energy system to impacts of climate change
10.
Adaptation to climate change: sustaining livelihoods through enhanced fisheries resource management

28. The Approach
•
The tool was developed as part of the NCCAS E. Kemp-Benedict
and W. K. Agyemang-Bonsu and later became known as the
“Akropong Approach” – town in which it was developed and used

30. Discussion Forum 12: National Adaptation Plans
: Opportunities for Cross Sector Synergies In The
Nexus Between Water, Food Security, Forests
and Energy
INDIA
National Initiatives for Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)
National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
J P Mishra
Adviser (Agriculture)
Planning Commission, Govt. of India

31. Mainstreaming NAPs in Development
Plans
• India has succeeded in drafting the National Action Plan and eight
National Missions with strong focus on adaptation; envisages
mainstreaming adaptation in the developmental planning.
•
• Launching of the National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture
(NICRA) for research and National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture
(NMSA) for development both of which are key for implementing the
national adaptation plans in agriculture.
• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
(MGNREGA) and Integrated Watershed Development Programme
(IWMP) both of which have strong component of environmental
services, climate change adaptation and livelihood support

32. National Initiative on Climate
Resilient Agriculture
•
Components:
•
•
•
•
Strategic Research
Technology Demonstration
Capacity Building
Process:
•
Assessment for vulnerability to climatic stresses and extreme
events
•
•
•
Identify specific suite of technology module
Intervention with whole village approach
Product:
•
150 Climate Smart Village in most vulnerable districts

33. Climate Smart Villages
•
•
150 CSVs developed in as many districts
The vision is to have all these villages comply with Climate Smart Practices:
• Utilization of complete water harvesting potential
• Mandatory groundwater recharge structures
• Energy efficient pumps for water lifting
• Water saving rice cultivation practices
• Greening of wastelands with tree cover
• Livestock feeding, shelter and manure management

34. National Mission for Sustainable
Agriculture
•Outlay for XII Five Year Plan: US$ 2000 million
•Key deliverable
•Development of rainfed agricultureproductivity, food security with sustainability
•Programmatic interventions:
•Efficient water application tools (about 65% of
total outlay)
•Water conservation/harvesting
•Integrated farming in watershed plus approach
•Capacity building (>5% of total allocation)
11/20/2013
34