This document discusses political parties and electoral systems in the Philippines. It defines political parties as organized groups that seek to win government power by attracting popular support through votes. There are three main types of party systems: a one-party system, a two-party (or bi-party) system, and a multi-party system. The Philippines has a multi-party system, with several active political parties, and uses a plurality electoral system where the candidate with the most votes wins, even if they do not receive a majority.