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Introduction SLR Mitigation Strategies Cost Analysis
Reactive ProactiveSea Level Rise (SLR)
•Increasing global temperatures will have significant impacts
around the world, sea level rise (SLR) being one of the most
dominant.
Florida
Particularly susceptible to SLR
• Low elevation
• Porous limestone foundation
The Florida Everglades Drainage/ Channelization; late
1800’s
•Destroyed native habitat
•Displaced flora/fauna
•Degraded water quality
•Decreased water storage
•Decreased flow
•Decreased SLR counteraction
SLR Counteraction in South Florida
Proactive measures need be used to aid in the mitigation of
current and future climatic change rather than solely employing
reactive barriers.
Everglades Restoration: CERP/CEPP
•Implementing solely short term reactive barriers will be extremely cost
inefficient and will have to be constantly updated and replaced as sea
level rises and infrastructures reach their lifespan.
•Spending money on proactive mitigation strategies will be more
effective and efficient in the long term and will provide additional
ecosystem service values and ecological resilience.
•Proactive measures need to be used in combination with reactive
barriers to mitigate the effects of current and future SLR and
environmental change.
Acknowledgements and References provided in Handout.
• Short term solutions as issues begin to pose a threat;
need to be replaced as changes arise
• Examples:
1) Sea walls/ slurry walls 5) Modified pumping patterns
2) Bulkheads 6) Revetments
3) Tidal valves 7) Bio-swales
4) Direct surface delivery 8) Extraction-injection barriers
• If CERP/CEPP is not implemented quickly, the Everglades may be unable to effectively mitigate the effects of SLR,
having profound negative effects on the ecosystem and urban communities.
• Lack of adequate SLR adaptation time may lead to various habitats within the Everglades encountering population
declines, and possible extinctions, due to rapid habitat conversion.
2 feet by 2050
6.6 feet by 2100
B
Figure 1: A) Depicts the cost for various reactive barriers over a 30 year span. B)
Presents the total cost of CERP compared to the ecosystem service values after
implementation of CERP for one year.
Proactive and Reactive Mitigation Strategies:
Counteraction to Sea Level Rise in South Florida
Mary Crider, Paul Boynton, Jessica Huffman,
Janna Kepley, Cheng-Tung Liu, Morgan Mooney, Nigel Woodfork
Correlation Between Impacts to the Everglades
And Mitigation Strategies Used in Determining Ecological and Urban Effects
• Proactive strategies provide long term solutions that will
minimize cost to the public
• Examples:
1) Everglades Restoration (CERP/CEPP)
2) Updating coastal Infrastructure permits
3) Storm water parks
A
Environmental
State
Ecological Effects Ecological Effects Urban Effects Urban Effects
Positive (+) Negative (-) Positive (+) Negative (-)
Everglades
(Pre-drainage)
-Pristine ecosystem/habitat
-Natural water filtration
-Natural aquifer recharge
-Natural storm protection
-Natural SLR counteraction
-Natural water filtration
-Natural aquifer recharge
-Natural storm protection
-Natural SLR counteraction
-Poor land for farming and
urbanization
Everglades
(Post-drainage)
-Degraded ecosystem
-Decreased wildlife habitat
-Poor water quality
-Decrease storm protection
-Peat loss/ Soil erosion
-Ability to control water for
agriculture and flood control
-Created land for farms and urban
sprawl
-Decreased ecotourism
-Poor water quality
-Decreased storm protection
-Peat loss
Everglades
(Post-drainage)
+ SLR
Everglades (post-drainage)
effects +
-Increased peat loss/ erosion
-Salinization of aquifers
-Rapid saltwater inundation of
coastal wetlands (habitat
conversion & displacement)
-Ability to control fresh water
For urban and agricultural areas
Everglades (post-drainage)
effects +
-Increased peat loss/ erosion
- Salinization of aquifers
- Saltwater inundation of coastal
communities &urban
displacement
-Loss of carbon sequestration.
Everglades
(Post-drainage)
+ SLR
+Reactive Barriers
-Bio swales & Stormwater parks
areas provide some natural
habitat at times
Everglades (post-drainage) +
SLR +
-Rapid saltwater inundation of
coastal wetlands (habitat
conversion & displacement)
-Coastal communities livable for a
longer period
-Counteract SLR
Everglades (post-drainage) +
SLR +
-Reactive barriers are short term,
need to be updated and are
costly
Everglades
(Post-drainage)
+ SLR
+ reactive barriers
+ Proactive
Mitigation
-Restored ecosystem/habitat
-Increased storm protection
-Improved water quality/ aquifer
recharge
-Decreased peat loss/erosion
-Slowed saltwater conversion of
coastal wetlands
-Will never restore ecosystem to
100% historic quality due to
channelization for urban and
agriculture
-Buys time for adaption
-Coastal communities viable for a
longer period of time
-Increased ecotourism
-Improved water quality/ aquifer
recharge
-Natural counteraction to SLR
-Storm protection
-Cost effective long term
-Some decrease in farm and
urban area
-Certain reactive barriers needed
1
saxds
Figure 1: Sea
level rise in South
Florida