Sources of vital statistics include CRS, Census, SRS, NFHS, and NPR.

1. Sources of Vital Statistics
Presenter- Chinmoy Bhattacharya

2. Plan of Presentation
1. Definition
2. Outline of vital statistics
3. Uses of Birth and Death Registration
4. Civil Registration System (CRS)
5. Census
6. Sample Registration System (SRS)
7. National Family Health Survey (NFHS)
8. National Population Register (NPR)

3. VITAL STATISTICS
• Quantitative data concerning the vital events in the population.
• Birth and Deaths are the two most important vital events that define
life of an individual.
• They are considered vital because it proves legal existence of an
individual.
• Marriage is also considered as a vital statistics.

4. Sources of vital statistics
Source Frequency Estimated indicators Areas
Civil Registration System
(CRS)
Every year Vital events like birth, death, still
births with rural-urban & sex-wise
break-up and sex ratio at birth
District level and sub-
district level
Sample Registration
System (SRS)
Every year Fertility and Mortality indicators like
CBR, CDR, IMR, TFR, NNMR, PNMR,
U5MR, Sex ratio
National level, State level
and within
Census Every Decade Population count by Age, Sex,
Population density, Literacy, Sex
Ratio
Population data up to
village level and mortality
data upto District level
National Family Health
Survey (NFHS)
Every 3 years Fertility, IMR, data regarding child
nutrition, data on sanitation and
hygiene, data about NCD risk factors
District level estimates

5. Importance of Birth and Death Registrations
1. For admission to schools
2. As proof of age for employment.
3. For proof of age at marriage.
4. To establish parentage.
5. To establish age for purpose of enrollment in Electoral Rolls.
6. To establish age for insurance purposes.
7. For registering in National Population Register (NPR).
8. Purpose of inheritance of property and for claiming dues from
insurance companies.

6. Uses of vital statistics
1. Estimation of the size, structure and geographical distribution of the
population
2. Probable trends of fertility and mortality
3. Formulation of various development and welfare program/
schemes and increases their effectiveness at State and District level.
4. Useful for medical research and in the study of sex ratio, mortality
and morbidity rates and also in the study of causes of deaths.

7. Civil Registration System

8. Definition
• Civil Registration is a continuous, permanent, compulsory recording
of the occurrence and characteristics of vital events, like births,
deaths and still births.
• Registrar General, India has the responsibilities of co-ordinating the
activities of the Chief Registrar of Births and Deaths

11. Registrars at various levels
1. Rural area-
• Panchayat Secretaries/Karmi/Gram Sevak, Gram Vikasadhikari in 16
states and 3 Union territories
• Medical Officer In-charge or equivalent in 8 states and 4UTs
• Village Accountants / Village Administrative Officers in 2 States -
Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
• SHO/Police Officials in Jammu & Kashmir
• Primary School Teachers- Mizoram
• Head Teacher Primary School- Nagaland

12. 2. Government hospitals-
• Registration centers have also been started at PHC level.
• Medical officer in charge or equivalent issues the certificate
• Events of Private hospital should be notified to the nearest registrar in
the area.
3. Urban area- Municipal Health Officer
• Medical Officer in charge or equivalent of the District Hospital,
Referral Hospital and other Government Hospitals

13. Registration of birth and death
• Registrar of the local area is appointed by concerned State/UT
Government.
• Every birth and death is to be registered with the Registrar within 21
days of occurrence.
• In case, any child born outside India, registered with in 60 days from
the date of arrival of the child in India at the place of settling.

14. Level of registration
It is the percentage of events (birth or death) registered within the
stipulated time period.
In India, level of birth registration is 92.7% (2019) from 82.4% (2011)
The level of death registration is 92% (2019) from 66.4% (2011)

17. Census

19. • It is an official, periodic and complete enumeration of the population.
• Latin origin- censere meaning assess or count
• First census- 1881
• Periodicity of census in India- 10 years
• The responsibility is with the Office of Registrar General and Census
Commissioner of India, The Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of
India.

20. • Nearly 30 lakh Enumerators and Supervisors will be engaged to
enumerate almost 135 crore (1.35 billion) people across the country.
• The enumerators and supervisors are mainly drawn from local school
teachers, Central and State/UT government officials and officials of
local bodies who will be visiting every household to canvass census
schedules.

21. Process of Census
1. Release of circular
2. Map Preparation
3. Questionnaires Preparation
4. Pre testing
5. Training
6. Publicity
7. Phase- I House listing and
Housing Census
8. Phase- II Population
enumeration
9. Revision round
10. Processing of data
11. Provisional Population total
12. Post enumeration survey

22. Phases of census
1. House-listing and Housing Census- April to September 2010
2. Population Enumeration- 9th to 28th February 2011
3. Revision round- 1st to 5th March 2011
4. Provisional Population Count- End of March

23. House-listing and Housing Census
• Census Houses and Households are identified and systematically
listed in the relevant schedules.
• Provides comprehensive data on the conditions of human
settlements, housing deficit thus help in the formulation of housing
policies.
• Provide a wide range of data/information on amenities and assets
available to the Households.

24. Population Enumeration
• The Population Enumeration follows the Housing Census within a gap
of six to eight months.
• Each person is enumerated and her/his individual particulars are
collected- Age,
Marital status,
Religion,
Schedule Cast/Schedule Tribe,
Mother tongue,
Education level,
Disability,
Economic activity,
Migration,
Fertility (for female)

25. Rural 68.9%
69%
Urban 31.1%
31%
Rural 68.9%
Urban 31.1%
Males
(51.5%)
51%
Females
(48.5%)
49% Males (51.5%)
Females (48.5%)

26. Census 2021
• Moto- Jan Bhagidari se Jan Kalyaan
• In the history of Indian Census, for the first time, the Census data will
be collected digitally i.e. on Mobile App in the ensuing census.
• Self-enumeration facility will be provided for the first time in the
forthcoming Census.
• CMMS portal has been developed by ORGI for smooth conduct and
effective management and monitoring of forthcoming Census
exercise.

28. Uses
1. Age and Sex distribution
2. Language
3. Religion and caste
4. Income distribution in the population

29. Sample Registration System

30. • The level of registration under the RBD Act 1969 was low.
• Therefore in order to improve the level of registration, SRS was
introduced.
• The responsibility of SRS is on the Office of Registrar General,
India.

31. • SRS provides estimates of-
1. Birth rate
2. Death rate
3. Infant mortality rate
4. Life expectancy at birth, at 1 year, at 5 years and at 60 years
• The data is also classified based on urban- rural differences & sex wise
difference.

32. Methodology
SRS in India is conducted by dual method-
1. Continuous enumeration of births and deaths in a sample of
villages/urban block by a resident of that area – PART TIME
ENUMERATOR
2. Independent six monthly retrospective survey by a FULL TIME
SUPERVISOR.
Data from two sources are matched.
Un-matched events are re-verified by a revisit.

34. SRS data for India 2020

35. Birth rate
• The highest Birth Rate is 25.5 in
Bihar, whereas A & N Islands
has the lowest Birth Rate of
10.8.

36. Death rate
Chhattisgarh has highest Death
Rate of 7.9, whereas the
lowest Death Rate is in
Delhi at 3.6.

37. Infant Mortality Rate
In 2020, the maximum IMR is for Madhya
Pradesh (43) and minimum for Mizoram (3).

38. National Family Health Survey

39. • It is a large scale survey, conducted in a representative sample of
households throughout India.
• Provides data for-
1. Fertility
2. Infant and child mortality
3. Family planning
4. Maternal and Child health
5. Nutrition
6. Quality of Health and Family planning services

40. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has given the task to
International Institute of Population Science (IIPS) Mumbai, as the
nodal agency responsible for providing coordination and technical
guidance for the survey.

41. Goals
Two goals-
1. To collect essential data for the Ministry (MoHFW) and related
agencies for planning policies
2. Information for emerging issues on health and family welfare.
First NFHS was done in 1992-93
Latest NFHS- 5 was done 2019-21.

42. • TFR has reached 2.0 from previous rate of 2.2 where urban India has
a TFR of only 1.6 while for rural it is 2.1
• Sex ratio improved from 991 to 1020
• Sex ratio at birth- Marginal improvement from 919 to 929 girls per
1000 boys.
• Anaemia in 6-59 months age- 67.1%
• Anaemia in non pregnant woman (15-49 y)- 57.2%
• Anaemia in pregnant woman (15-49 y)- 52.2%
• Anaemia in men(15-49 y)- 25%

43. National Population Register

44. • It is a register of usual residents of the country.
• The usual residents include citizens and those foreign nationals who
are residing in India from the past 6 months or more OR are willing to
stay for at least 6 months.
• Aim of NPR is to prepare a database of identity of all the usual
residents.
• First NPR was prepared in 2010.
• NPR was updated by door-to-door survey in 2015.

45. • Current NPR survey is collecting data including details like-
1. Birth place
2. Name of parents
3. Birth certificate
4. Aadhaar card (optional)
5. PAN card
6. Driving license etc.
• NPR is prepared at the village/ward level; tehsil/taluka (sub-district)
level; district level; state level; national level

46. Objective
• The objective of the NPR is to create a comprehensive database of
usual residents in the country.
• No document will be collected during this exercise.
• Photograph and biometric scan are taken by the enumerator.

47. Organisation
1. Registrar General of India
2. State coordinator
3. District Registrar
4. Sub District registrar
5. Local Registrar
6. Supervisor
7. Enumerator

48. References
1. Office of Registrar General of India
https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/node/343
2. Birth and death registration
https://crsorgi.gov.in/web/index.php/auth/login
3. CRS_Report_2020.pdf
4. Census https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/node/378
5. https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/data/population-finder
6. Census Houselisting and Enumeration
https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/data/IMHL2011
7. SRS- SRS_Bulletin_2020_Vol_55_No_1
8. SRS_COMP_INDIA_F_M_1971-2013
9. http://rchiips.org/nfhs/factsheet_NFHS-5.shtml
10. NPR- https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/node/343
11. https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/npr-and-
census-2021

49. Thank You