Anatomy of Submandibular salivary gland

2. INTRODUCTION
PARTS
COVERINGS
RELATIONS
BLOOD SUPPLY
VENOUS DRAINAGE
NERVE SUPPLY

3. INTRODUCTION
J Shape
Walnut Size
Weighs About 10–20 Gm
Situated In The Digastric Triangle
Wedged B/W Body Of Mandible And
Mylohyoid.
Mixed Type Of Gland But Predominantly
Serous.

4. Large superficial and small deeper part
Continous with each other around the
posterior Border of mylohyoid.

7. COVERINGS
At the greater cornu of hyoid bone the
investing layer of deep cervical fascia splits
into two laminae.
The superficial layer covers the inferior
surface of the gland and is attached to the
base of the mandible.
The deep layer covers the medial surface of
the gland and is attached to the mylohyoid
line of the mandible.

9. Superficial part
Inferior
Medial
Lateral
3
SURFACES

10. Relations
Superficial surface (inferior surface):
Skin
Superficial fascia containing platysma
and cervical branch of facial nerve
Facial vein
Deep fascia
Submandibular lymph nodes.

12. Lateral surface:
Submandibular fossa on the inner
aspect of the body of mandible.
Medial pterygoid muscle (near its
insertion).
Facial artery.

13. Medial surface is extensive and divided
into three parts:
a. Anterior
b. Middle
c. Posterior

15. Anterior part is related to:
 Mylohyoid muscle
 Mylohyoid nerve and vessels
 Submental branch of facial artery.

16.  Middle (intermediate) part is related to:
Hyoglossus muscle.
 Styloglossus muscle.
Lingual and hypoglossal nerves.
Submandibular ganglion.

18. Posterior part is related to:
 Styloglossus, stylopharyngeus muscle
Stylohyoid ligament
Wall of pharynx
3 nerves: Lingual,
9, 12th CN.
Lingual artery.

19. Deep Part
The deep part is small.
Posteriorly it is continuous with
superficial part around the posterior
border of the mylohyoid, and anteriorly
it extends up to the sublingual salivary
gland.

20. Relations
Medial: Hyoglossus.
Lateral: Mylohyoid.
Superior: Lingual nerve and
submandibular ganglion.
Inferior: Hypoglossal nerve
accompanied by a pair of veins.

22. Submandibular duct (Wharton’s
duct)
5 cm long ,Thin walled.
Emerges at the anterior end of the deep
part.
Runs forwards on the hyoglossus between
the lingual and hypoglossal nerves.
Finally, it opens on the floor of mouth.

24. Blood supply
Arterial supply: sublingual and
submental arteries, branch of
facial artery.
Venous drainage: common
facial and lingual veins.

25. Lymphatic drainage:
submandibular lymph nodes
jugulodigastric lymph nodes

26. Nerve supply
The gland is supplied by:
1. Parasympathetic
2. Sympathetic
3. Sensory fibres

27. Parasympathetic (secretomotor)
supply
The preganglionic parasympathetic fibres
arise from superior salivatory nucleus in
the pons and pass successively through
facial, chorda tympani, and lingual nerves;
and terminate in the submandibular
ganglion, which serves as a relay station.
The postganglionic fibres arise from this
ganglion and directly supply the
submandibular gland.

30. Sympathetic supply
The preganglionic fibres arise from T1
spinal segment and enter the cervical
sympathetic trunk to relay in its superior
cervical sympathetic ganglion. The
postganglionic fibres arise from superior
cervical sympathetic ganglion, form plexus
around facial artery, and thus reach gland
through this artery.

31. Submandibular gland
Plexus around facial artery
Superior cervical sympathetic ganglion
Cervical sympathetic trunk
T1 spinal segment

32. Gland
submandibular

33. Sensory supply
Sensory supply by lingual nerve.

35. Sialolithiasis is the formation of sialolith
(salivary calculi, salivary stone) in the
salivary duct or the gland resulting in the
obstruction of the salivary flow.

36. The formation of calculi in the
submandibular gland and its duct is
more common than in the parotid duct
for two reasons:
 Its secretion is more viscid.
Its duct has a tortuous and upward
course (against gravity) into the floor
of the mouth.

37. Xerostomia
Mucocele

38. MUCOCELE: This is a swelling due to the
accumulation of saliva, as a result of
obstruction or trauma to the salivary
gland ducts.
 Mucoceles occur as painless swellings.
The common sites of occurrences : lower
lip and tongue.
Treatment : by surgical excision.
It is common to see the recurrence after
excision.

39. RANULA It is a special type of mucocele,
which occurs in the floor of the mouth.
Ranula is formed because of the trauma
to SM or SL ducts.