Technology Development and Innovation at Cisco

Technology Development
& Innovation @ Cisco

Dave Zacks
Technical Solutions Architect
dzacks@cisco.com

AGENDA
Cisco’s Vision – The Network is the Platform

Aligning the Network –
to the Business
Delivering Innovation –
Hardware
Software
Tying It All Together –
Innovative Solutions
April 24th, 2012
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. #CiscoPlusCA 3

The Network is the Platform – Cisco’s Vision

“Cisco’s strategy is a story based
on change – the market transitions
that affect our customers.

Through multiple transitions in the last decade
and over the next 3 – 5 years, the network
will evolve from the plumbing of the Internet –
providing connectivity – to the platform
that enables people to experience life.”

John Chambers,
Chairman and CEO, Cisco Systems


The Network is the Platform – Cisco’s Vision


The Network is the Platform – Evolving Needs

Customer Requirements 2012 +

2009

2006

2004 Video Collaboration
The Network is the Platform
2000 Collaboration

Secure Voice /
Data Integration

Data Connectivity

IT as a Cost Centre Network Relevance IT as a Strategic Asset

Enterprise Megatrends – And What They
Have in Common
IMMERSIVE
COLLABORATION
Pervasive Video

MOBILITY
BYOD CLOUD
SaaS | DC /V

The Network

SECURITY, Accelerating Cyber-Threats

IT EFFECTIVENESS, Service and Network Management

© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. $ COST CONTROL, TCO, Operational Efficiency
#CiscoPlusCA #CiscoPlusCA 7

Cisco – Architectural Alignment

DEVELOPMENT FOCUS, across Cisco
IMMERSIVE
COLLABORATION
Pervasive Video

MOBILITY Collaboration CLOUD
BYOD SaaS | DC / V

Borderless Data Centre /
Networks Virtualization


AGENDA

to the Business
Hardware
Software
April 24th, 2012

Aligning the Network – to the Business

Business Priorities
 React  Ensure
to Business Shifts Business Continuity

Information
Innovation Technology Operational
(The Network) Excellence

 Reduce  Protect /
Business Latency Utilize Assets


Evolving the Network – with the Business

Through 1995 …
 Getting everyone’s desktop on the LAN
 Rise of client-server business applications
 Operational anarchy in practice

Connectivity

The Enterprise Network

Through 2005 …
 Traffic volume and bandwidth needs expanding
 Increasing LAN uptime SLAs (Five 9’s!)
 Rise of the Web – GUI, servers, E-Business applications
 Operational hierarchy in practice

High “Wire” Basic
Availability Speed Control

Connectivity


2012 and beyond …
 Access anytime, anywhere … to anything  No downtime – scheduled or unscheduled
 Full protection, compliance a must  Operational autonomics in practice

Application Unified Non-Stop Integrated Ops
Virtualization
Intelligence Network Comms Security Mgmt

High “Wire” Basic
Availability Speed Control

Connectivity


The Network is the Platform – Supporting
the Business
Security Unified
Proac ve response Communica on
Threat mi ga on Rich Media
Unified Collabora on
Security Comms.

Compu ng
Security Compu ng
Mobility Secure
+
Wired and wireless IP Network
Mobility
Iden ty
Storage Unify, Simplify, Amplify
Mobility Compu ng

Applica on Delivery Applica on Oriented Networking

Management
Storage Services
Security Unified Communica onsty
Iden Services

Services
Real- me ered services Intelligence in
Mobility Services
Integrated Compute the network
Services
Network Servicesty
The Network is the Pla orm
Storage Iden
Storage Services Iden ty Services
Network Infrastructure Virtualiza on


AGENDA

to the Business
Hardware
Software
April 24th, 2012

Hardware Innovation – ASICs
Cisco designs many custom ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits) for products.
• ASICs are the “heart” of a platform – they are the base hardware that provides the
necessary functionality and performance to meet today’s network requirements, and to
scale to meet the network demands of tomorrow for performance, services, and flexibility.
• Designing ASICs is expensive and time-consuming – to address
however, they provide the flexibility and performance Unique Solutions customer needs

required to address complex, demanding needs.
• Cisco’s core competency in ASICS and systems Innovation in Services
provides “vertical integration” – allowing
our products to meet customer goals, and
to provide unique and compelling solutions. Innovation in Software

ASIC Innovation in ASIC Hardware
Technology


Switching Hardware Innovation – Nexus 7000
Rich Services 1G / 10G Modules
(M1 Series – 46G / 80G per slot, L2 / L3) Unified Fabric Fabric Modules
1G / 10G Modules 1 Crossbar
Fabric
ASIC
(F2 Series –110Gbps/slotper slot,
480G
L2 / L3, high density)
Crossbar 2
Fabric
110Gbps/slot ASIC

3

Optimized for the Data Centre
Crossbar
110Gbps/slot Fabric
ASIC

550Gbps
110Gbps
440Gbps
330Gbps
220Gbps
Rich Services 10G / 40G / 100G Modules
per slot bandwidth
Crossbar
(M2 Series – 240G per slot, L2 / L3) 110Gbps/slot Fabric
ASIC 4

110Gbps/slot Crossbar
Fabric
ASIC 5

ASIC
Technology


Switching Hardware Innovation – Catalyst 6500

Years of
Innovation

Years of
Innovation

WiSM-2 ASA-SM NAM-3
(Wireless) (Firewall) (Net Analysis)

Supervisor-2T 40 Gigabit Ethernet
Services Modules FourX ACE-30
adapter (SLB) 40G optics


Switching Hardware Innovation – Catalyst 3750-X
Industry-Leading
StackPower – Unique Cisco Innovation for PoE
Stackable Switch Platform Redundan Redundant
• Adaptable “pool of power” StackWise Plus t Power Supplies
available to all Catalyst 3750-X
Stackable up to 9 units,
switch stack members
Fans
✓✓
✗ ✗
64Gbps stack interconnect
• Provides “Zero-footprint” RPS ✓✓
✗ ✗
i.e. power supply redundancy ✓✓
✗ ✗
✓✓
without an RPS Stacking,
Unified
behaving as a single unit (L2 / L3)
• Intelligent power shedding –
✗
turn off low priority PoE end devices Operates as a StackPower “pool”
single switch
in the eventredundant, replaceable Industry-
Modular, of a power supply failure
(one CLI, one STP instance, one routing instance)
Leading
uplinks (1G/10G), fans, power supplies
Innovation
for PoE

Switching Hardware Innovation – Nexus 2200
Cisco Nexus® 7000

Example Deployment –
Cisco Nexus 5500 ®

Nexus 7000, Nexus 5500, and
Nexus 2200 for ToR Access N2248TP
N2148T N2232PP
+
48 Port 1000M Host Interfaces
4 x 10G Uplinks
48 Port 100/1000M Host Interfaces
4 x 10G Uplinks
32 Port 1/10G FCoE Host Interfaces
8 x 10G Uplinks
+
• Simplified Management Model –
plug and play provisioning,

N2224TP N2232TM N2248TP-E centralized configuration
Distributed 48 Port 100/1000M Host Interfaces Line Card Portability –
24 Port 100/1000M Host Interfaces . .32.Port 1/10GBASE-T Host Interfaces
High10G Uplinks (Module)
Density 4 x 10G Uplinks
•
(N2K supported with Multiple
2 x 10G Uplinks 8x 32MB Shared Buffer
Edge Switching System Parent Switches – N5K, N7K)
Virtualized Switch
• Unified access for any server –
(100M1GE10GE FCoE):
Cisco Nexus® 2000 FEX FET-10G B22HP Scalable Ethernet, HPC, unified
Cost Effective Fabric Extender 16 x 1/10G Host Interfaces
Transceiver 8 x 10G UplinksCisco Nexus® 2000 FEX fabric or virtualization deployment


Routing Hardware Innovation – CRS-1 / CRS-3
STANDALONE CONFIG (CRS-1 @ 320G, 640G, or 1.28Tbps)
(CRS-3 @ 1.12T, 2.24T, or 4.48Tbps) Relentless
 16/8/4 Linecard and PLIM slots expansion
 No Fabric chassis required
of bandwidth,
applications,
mobility …
MULTI-CHASSIS CONFIG
(CRS-1 @ 1.28T To 92Tbps)
(CRS-3 @ 4.48T To 322Tbps) to REALITY …
• X (1 to 72) Line card chassis
• Y (1 to 8) fabric chassis

Taking 100G Ethernet –
from CONCEPT …
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Right Here in Kanata! #CiscoPlusCA 21

Routing Hardware Innovation – QFP
Cisco
> 100 5 Years >40 QuantumFlow
Processor
Multi-Core (40) Packet Processor
World Class
Engineers
Development
Investment
Patents
+
QFP – The World’s Most Advanced Piece of Networking Silicon

Scale Over 1.3 Billion Transistors Instant-on Service Delivery

Performance 40Gbs+ Services Low Touch Deployment Traffic Manager (BQS)

Availability Customized QoS Faster Qualification +
Cisco IOS-XE
Services Integrated and Programmable Future Proof Technology Software


AGENDA

to the Business
Hardware
Software
April 24th, 2012

Software Innovation – IOS-XE
 Evolution to the Next Generation –
same look and feel as Cisco IOS
IOS-XE IOS-XE
 IOS runs as its own Linux process IOS-XE
(Active) Cisco (Standby)
for control plane (Routing, SNMP,
CLI etc) … 32-bit and 64-bit options IOS
Chassis Forwarding Interface
Manager Manager Manager
 Linux kernel with multiple processes
running in protected memory for – Kernel
 Fault containment
 Re-startability Control Messaging

 In-Service Software Upgrades (ISSU)

 ASR 1000 Platform …
High Availability Innovations – Cisco
ASR 1000
 Zero-packet-loss RP Failover Platform
 <50ms ESP Failover
 Software Redundancy


Software Innovation – NX-OS
 Integration of 3 fundamental technologies – Layer-2 Layer-3 Storage
VLAN UDLD OSPF GLBP
 Layer 2 Bridging

SNMP, XML, CLI Management
STP CDP BGP HSRP VSANs
Zoning
IGMP 802.1X EIGRP VRRP
FCIP
 Layer 3 Routing LACP
…
CTS PIM
…
SNMP FSPF
IVR

Sysmgr, PSS & MTS
 SAN Switching (Storage) Protocol Stack (IPv4 / IPv6 / L2)

 Industry-Leading High Availability Interface Management
Chassis Management
 Support for best-in-class
Chip/Driver Infrastructure
Non-Disruptive ISSU
Kernel
 Fully Modular VDC 1
Nexus(config)# no feature eigrp
 Integrated Virtualization NX-OS
Layer 2Nexus(config)# no feature pim3 Protocols
Protocols Layer
Nexus(config)# no feature bgp
 Non-Stop Forwarding capabilities VLAN UDLD OSPF GLBP
Disabling a service:
 A CLI which is IOS look & feel PVLAN CDP BGP HSRP
• Releases system resources
to maintain low learning curve VDC 1 STP 802.1X EIGRP IGMP

LACP • Removes associated CLI
CTS PIM SNMP
 Targeted (in terms of features) VDC 2 •… Removes associated configuration
…
primarily for the Data Centre
VDC 3


AGENDA

to the Business
Hardware
Software
April 24th, 2012

Solution Innovation – Virtual Switching System (VSS)
Traditional Campus Design
Extensive routing
L3 Core
topology, Routing
reconvergence
Virtual Switching System
Virtual Switching System-based Campus Design
Traditional Design

Reduced routing
FHRP, STP,
L3 Core neighbors, Minimal
L2/L3 Asymmetric routing, L3 reconvergence
Distribution Policy Management

Access No FHRPs
Single active uplink
per VLAN (PVST), No Looped topology
L2 reconvergence L2 / L3 Policy Management
Distribution

Resilient, Access Multiple active
uplinks per VLAN,
Simple,
No STP convergence
Scalable


Solution Innovation – Link Encryption (802.1ae)
MACsec Link Encryption
cts manual
SAP PMK 1234
cts manual
SAP PMK 1234 Problem –
Password
11011011 Physical access to network links
are a real security vulnerability
01001011
Password
Credit Card #
011010100
Identity
Date of Birth
11011011 Service
Engine

Cisco Solution –
TrustSec Domain IEEE 802.1ae
MACsec link encryption
Hop-by-Hop, wire rate,
1x, MAB, Web Auth cryptographic confidentiality
and integrity based on
Enhanced IEEE 802.1ae
Security,
Network-
Integrated


Solution Innovation – Easy Virtual Networks (EVN)
 Cisco EVN eases the deployment
and management of Virtual Networks – WAN Internet
Internet
Data
 Automates VRF-Lite configuration Centre

 Simplifies device configuration Enhanced
Security,
 Eases troubleshooting tasks Integrated &
 Fully interoperable with Simplified
MPLS VPN and VRF-Lite
Guest Access Merged Isolated
 Implemented in high-performance
Company Service(s)
Virtualized
Campus switches and routers Network
 Unique Cisco innovation – Patent 7,688,829 Deployment

Virtual Network Virtual Network Virtual Network

Actual Physical Infrastructure


Solution Innovation – FabricPath
Switching Routing
 Easy Configuration  Multi-pathing (ECMP)
 Plug & Play  Fast Convergence
 Provisioning Flexibility  Highly Scalable
FabricPath

S10 S20 S30 S40
Switch ID space:
Extended Routing S400: FabricPath Limits
decisions are
Layer 2 made based on “FabricPath brings Layer 3 routing benefits
FabricPath
Spanning Tree
Routing Table
Reach and the FabricPath Scope and
Scale routing table to flexible Layer 2 bridged Ethernet networks”
L1 L2 L3
AB S100  400
Switch
… …
IF

Impact
L4 S100 L1, L2, L3, L4

S100 S200 S300 S400

1/1 S400: CE MAC
MAC address space: 1/2
Switching based on
Classical Ethernet (CE) Address Table
A BB
MAC address tables MAC IF
B 1/2

© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
ROUTING SCALABILITY, SWITCHING SIMPLICITY …
A …
S100
#CiscoPlusCA 30

Solution Innovation – OTV Simplified
Multi-Point
 Overlay Transport Virtualization (OTV) Data Centre
provides simplified, multi-point Interconnect
L2 bridging between multiple DC sites – OTV allows for multi-point
 Extremely simple configuration Layer 2 connectivity between DC sites,
without L2 loops or STP interaction
 Optimized unicast and OTV OTV
multicast traffic flows
 Operates over IP
transport between sites IP A IP B
DC DC
(does not require WAN IP / MPLS
West East
MPLS transport) WAN
VLANs 100-109 VLANs 100-109

 Isolates Spanning Tree
IP C
interaction between sites
OTV
 Provides resiliency and
fault tolerance
 Unique and powerful Cisco solution – VLANs
100-109
supported on Nexus 7000 and ASR 1000
DC South


Solution Innovation – HQoS QFP
enabled
 The ASR 1000 provides very powerful
and flexible QoS capabilities –
enabled in hardware via the QFP
 Example – Hierarchical QoS (HQoS)
 With HQoS, an interface can be shaped to a “sub-rate”
value below the actual physical interface speed –

Then, within that shaped bandwidth, multiple traffic
classes can be defined and used … including priority
queuing and per-application bandwidth controls
on traffic classes

 This is ideal for WAN circuits where the
actual available WAN bandwidth is less Flexible,
than the WAN handoff interface speed QoS, at
Hardware
Speeds


Solution Innovation – Wireless Mobility Delivering
Solutions
Streaming Video Challenges –
Solu on – for a Mobile
Advanced Beam Forming
RF Limita ons
Technology VideoStream
Cisco to Improve Workforce
Industry’s First Chip-Level
Client Deviceto Unicast cast video over RF at scale
Mul ve Performance
― Cannot deliver mul conversion at switch ― Proac ve, always-on monitoring
Proac cast and Automa c
Interference Protec for clients a aching to APs Media Rich
“Nice to Have”overloads networkon
― Video
Call Admission Control
Pervasive
100 Mission Critical ― Detailed, hardware-based Cisco Mobility
What ― BEFORE
and degrades other for video sessions
Queue priori za on
Beam Not Directed Towards Legacy
applica on performance
Applications AFTER
Video Streaming Without Reliablecollec onTowards Client
data Mul castASIC
Beam Directed
20
in Innovations
It Is … ― Unable to ng In Lower Performance
A/G Client Resul
deliver
63
Wireless Client
97
― Wi-Fi and non-Wi-Fi
Resul ng In Be er Performance
interference detec on
Performance
802.11a/g
business- X Beam Strength WLC 802.11a/g
― Interference impact
SWITCH
Beam Forming
Self-Healing
quality
CleanAir
90 35
and loca on across en re system
video in 30 Seconds
― Historical troubleshoo ng data
AP AP AP AP
Proactive and automatic
interference mitigation
Detect | Classify | Locate | Mi gate

What 802.11n 802.11n
Up to 30% Improved
ClientLink Performance
It Does …
GOOD
POOR PERFORMANCE GOOD
POOR PERFORMANCE GOOD
POOR PERFORMANCE POOR
PERFORMANCE
BEFORE PERFORMANCE
AFTER PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE

Wireless Interference Decreases
BEFORE CleanAir Mi gates RF Interference
AFTER Better coverage for mobile
BEFORE AFTER
NoReliability and Degraded
Client-link Disabled Performance
Resource Reserva on, Improving Reliability and Performance
Client-link Enabled
Stream Priori za on, Resource Reserva on, devices compared to competitors
Hotspot Voice and Video, Cannot Deliver Mul cast Reliable Mul cast Over Wireless
Wireless Client

AIR QUALITY System PERFORMANCE
Performance
Global Enterprise
AIR QUALITY PERFORMANCE Video Perfect 5.0 MOS
Score for Video
Management Capacity Self Healing Stream
and Optimizing Reliable multicast, stream
prioritization, resource
reservation
Lower Data Rates M&A Sports Higher Data Rates
M&A Sports
© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rightsMee ng
CEO reserved. Nego a on Event CEO Mee ng Nego a on Event #CiscoPlusCA 33

Solution Innovation –
Canadian R&D
Halifax:
• Developed Masters in Engineering
(Internetworking) at Dalhousie Univ.

O awa: Toronto:
• CRS, ASR 9000 & •IOS-XR Videoscape
Cisco development
• ASR 1000 Hardware & So ware development Media
CMS development via Extend
• SP Broadband & • DMN Engineering
WiFi Engineering

Winnipeg:
• Collabora on Innova on &
Research Center at U Winnipeg

Vancouver:
• Video Encoding technologies via SA


Solution Innovation – In Ottawa
Key Facts
• Established in 1998 with acquisition of Skystone and later Stratum One
• Specializing in Next Generation Routing
• 300+ Engineers working across the routing groups
• $8B+ in equipment & SW shipped since 1998 CRS-3
• 55+ patents or patents pending

Technology Programs Development Activities

• C12k Line Cards & ASICs • System Architecture
• CRS Line Cards and ASICs • ASIC / Linecard design
• IOS XR SW Features
• IOS XE SW Features
• Optical integration ASR 9000
• L3 VPN
• Software Development
• L2 VPN • Software Test
• BNG • System Test
• Mobility • Product Marketing
• WiFi • Standards leadership –
• NG Routing HW & SW 40GE, 100GE, and beyond ASR 1000

Solution Innovation – Videoscape … Strategy
Integrated & Consistent Experience

Infinite
Content
Sources
Unified experience Unified experience
beyond TV beyond Android &
Apple devices

Managed &
Unmanaged
Networks

SP Customized UI and UX Universal Guide
Managed &

QoE
Unmanaged
Devices

Multi-screen, cloud Quality
services of Experience

Solution Innovation – Videoscape … Architecture


Solution Innovation – VMS Engineering
• Development lab established in 1996
• Specializing in:
• Digital content management
• Encryp on and En tlement
• Asset Workflow
• Next-gen EPG
• Worldwide customer base including -- AT & T,
Verizon, Telstra, ONET, Korea Telecom, Bell,etc.

• 24 So ware Engineers in Toronto ( 16 developers, 8 QA )
• Performance and Scaling lab
• Agile and Test Driven Development Methodologies
• Development Technologies:
• Java Enterprise Edi on 6 – Seam, jBPM, JSF, ESB, etc.
• JBoss 5

© 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
• Oracle & SQL Server #CiscoPlusCA 38

Solution Innovation – DMN Engineering
Key Facts Development Activities
• System Architecture
• Established in 1983 – • Chip/Board/Mechanical design
Cisco’s oldest engineering site in continual operation • Embedded/System /
• Specializing in broadcast video encoding, Management software design
satellite receivers and control systems • System verification
• 120+ Engineers working across the group
• $1B+ in equipment shipped since 2001
• 40+ patents and 30+ patents pending PowerVu Network Control System
• Cisco award winning development systems

Technology Programs D9854 Integrated Satellite Receiver Decoder
• Integrated Satellite Receivers and Decoders
• 700,000+ receivers shipped since 2001
•Broadcast Video Encoders
• 30,000+ encoders shipped since 2001
•PowerVu Network Control Systems
• 40 % of the Primary Distribution market runs on PowerVu
D9036 Modular Encoding Platform

Solution Innovation – Canada Innovation Centre

Experience + Demo Centre Solutions Centre
Evergreen Brick Works Cisco Solutions and Innovation Lab
Technology and innovation in historic Brownfield site Bringing eco-system of partners, customers, and influencers to co-create,
downtown Toronto; Centre for Green Cities validate, and commercialize solutions for sustainable communities


Solution Innovation –
CVD and SBA
 CVD = Cisco Validated Design
SBA = Smart Business Architecture
 Systems and solutions that are –
- designed
- tested
- and documented
to facilitate and
improve customer deployments
 CVD and SBA testing and documentation
incorporate a wide range of technologies
and products into a complete tested solution
that have been developed to address
customer business needs –
 Design Guides
 System Assurance Guides
 Application Deployment Guides

The Issues of a Fragmented Approach
Integration shifts from
equipment vendor to
network operator
Low Price! Français
New features and
services slower and
Pусский
more costly to roll out
High Speed!
Lowest common
feature support
Deutsche
Feature X!
Less reliable,
lower performance,
Good Trade! and poor support

Greater management
overhead


Cisco – The Value of the Architecture
End-to-End
Deliverable
by Cisco

IP Comm WLAN Management Security
Network-Enabled Wireless Enhanced Self-Defending
Value-Add Provisioning Innovations Visibility Network
Integration Architectural
Features Leadership

Unique
Supporting CDP NSF / SSO Integrated
Industry IBNS Aux VLAN Security
Features Leadership

802.1p/q 802.11 a/b/g/n SNMP ACLs
802.1s 802.3af RMON I / II SSH / SSL
Baseline Industry 802.3af TFTP 802.1x
Features Compliance PIM MIB I / II QoS
IGMP

Switching
Routing Mobility

Cisco – Supporting and Driving Standards
Cisco – Technology Innovator

 $5 billion+ R&D investment annually  Over 100 companies acquired
 16,000+ engineers in 10 global labs  More than 8,600 patents – 900+ in 2011 alone
More ...
StackWise
EtherChannel Inline Power
GOLD
IOS SLA IOS-
CDP Tag
Switching DAI, DHCP EEM XE
NetFlow
HSRP RSRB ISL Snooping ISSU
MISTP

1990 1995 2000 2005
802.1q MPLS IPFix
DLSw
VRRP 802.3ad LLDP
802.3af
802.1s
 Cisco employees chair over 20 IETF working
Cisco – Contributing to Standards groups and are on IEEE committees


Cisco – Moving Networking Forward

Broad-based
Solu ons

Integrated Best-of-Breed
Pla orms Support

Innovator

Over $5 billion of annual R&D investment
to develop new products
More than 16,000 development engineers
working in labs worldwide
Architectural Exper se –
Smart Business Architecture and Cisco Validated Designs

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