The Innovation City: Pierre Meulien Presentation: The Innovation Economy: How Genomics could change your world

1. The Innovation Economy:
How Genomics could change your world
Pierre Meulien
President and CEO, Genome Canada
October 2013

2. What City Age Attendees May Be Interested In !
• The food we produce and consume- its quality,
safety and identity
• The accountability we have for our own health
maintenance
• Respect for the biodiversity in both rural and
urban areas
• The safety and security of water supply for
human consumption (environment)
• The storage and management of information
especially as it regards privacy concerns and
links to human rights

3. Population
Energy
Food
Climate

4. WORLD POPULATION GROWTH

5. Biology is central to many of the
challenges we are facing
If the 20th century was that of the
silicon revolution…….
The 21st century will be that of BIOLOGY

6. 2009

7. Main Biotechnology Fields
There are three principal ways biotechnology is applied:
1. Primary Production – Primary production includes all
living natural resources, such as forests, plant crops,
livestock animals, insects, fish and other marine
resources
2. Health – Health applications include pharmaceuticals,
diagnostics, nutraceuticals and some medical devices
3. Industry – Industrial applications cover chemicals,
plastics, enzymes, mining, pulp and paper, biofuels, and
environmental applications such as bioremediation to
clean up polluted soils

8. Main Biotechnology Fields
There are three principal ways biotechnology is applied:
1. Primary Production – Primary production includes all
living natural resources, such as forests, plant crops,
livestock animals, insects, fish and other marine
resources
2. Health – Health applications include pharmaceuticals,
diagnostics, nutraceuticals and some medical devices
3. Industry – Industrial applications cover chemicals,
plastics, enzymes, mining, pulp and paper, biofuels, and
environmental applications such as bioremediation to
clean up polluted soils

9. If it lives on this planet…
…it has a GENOME

10. GENOMES are made out of DNA
DNA contains the “code of life”
which can be “read”
Our ability to read this code
has been revolutionized
over the past decade

11. 11

12. The first human genome took
10 years and $3 Billion to decipher
Any one of several Genome Centres
in Canada can now complete
the same task
in 2 days for $3K

13. SO WHAT??

14. 1 Story… Undiagnosed Neurodegeneration
http://www.ottawacitizen.com/technology
December 4, 2011

15. Personalized Medicine
Spectrum of Genetic Contribution to Disease
Most common
chronic diseases
with many genetic
factors but also
major
environmental
factors contributing
to disease onset
Very rare single gene
disorders
More common single
gene disorders
• CF
• Hemophilia
• MD
• HD
Disorders with prominent
genetic contribution
• Childhood cancer
• BRCA 1/2 Breast cancer
• Some forms of autism
spectrum disorders
• Adverse Drug Reactions
Genetic susceptibility to
certain common diseases
• Colon cancer
• Certain cardiovascular
diseases
• Certain forms of Alzheimer

16. DNA is in all forms of life on earth
We can use DNA based tools
to study Biodiversity

17. Building A DNA-Based ID System For All Species

18. Barcoding the Planet (2012)
1 - 10
11 - 100 >100

19. International Barcode of Life
Paul Hebert (U. of Guelph)
Global DNA-based species registration system
based on sequence of short mitochondrial DNA
fragment
Goal:
• 5 Million Specimens
• 500,000 Species
• in 5 years
• 27 Partner Nations
>120 Research Groups

20. SO WHAT??

21. New York City seafood sellers don’t know a tuna from a
tilapia. Close to 60% of big retail stores, and 40% of
mom-and-pop locations, sold fish that was mislabeled,
a new study reveals

22. European horsemeat
scandal turns into blame
game

23. Ontario residents can breathe a sigh of relief. Experts just
completed a random DNA check of beef burgers at Burger
King, Harvey’s, McDonald’s, Wendy’s, Dairy Queen and A &
W.
They also looked at frozen food products, including those from
Lick’s, Schneiders, Loblaws, Webers, Food Basics and M &M
Meat Shops.
Everything tested at the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding,
based at the University of Guelph, came back as 100 per cent
beef, they reported Monday.

24. The Origins of Life

25. BEEM: Bioproducts and Enzymes from
Environmental Metagenomes
Elizabeth Edwards (U. of Toronto)
David Major (Geosyntec Consultants)
• Optimization of anaerobic digestion in pulp
& paper mill
• Bioremediation of chlorinated solvents

26. Tembec Temiscaming Bio-Refinery:
A model for the future bioeconomy
Forest
Lumber Mill
Pulp Mill
Pulp
Chips
Biomas
s
Lumber,
Paneling
Slash
Bark
Paper, Boxes, Cartons,
Tissue, Diapers, Coatings,
Textiles, Food,
Pharmaceuticals
Power
Plant Methane
Energy
Cooking
Liquor
Anaerobic
Digestor
Fermentation to
Ethanol;
Byproduct:
Lignosulfonates
Sludge
All Mill Wastewater
WW
Treatment

27. Bioremediation of chlorinated solvents
The Story of KB-1
Dirt in a
bottle:
microcosms
Trichloroethene
Select &
Enrich
Understand
Commercial
production & field
application
10 years
time
Genomic knowledge promises significant acceleration

28. Data Overload - Informatics

29. Genomics
• Disruptive Technology
• Crosses all areas of the life sciences
• Will have profound impacts on:
 How we view our own personal health and well-being
 How we produce food and ensure it’s safety
 How we monitor our environment and sustain precious
natural resources
• We need to introduce (integrate) these new
technologies into society in a responsible way

30. Thank you