Manage your switches like servers

v
“Manage Your Switches Like Servers”
Puppet Labs and Cumulus Networks
Presented By: Carl Caum and Leslie Carr
September 24th, 2015

Who is Carl?
§ Technical Marketing Manager
•  @ccaum
•  Recovering sysadmin
•  Interested in continuous delivery and
IT cultures that promote empathy
cumulusnetworks.com

The Competing Pressures of IT
cumulusnetworks.com 3
Reliability
Speed

of managers are not
satisﬁed with the speed
at which IT deploys
60%
of IT outages are due to
unexpected conﬁguration
changes
70%

Main Steps of Puppet Enterprise
5
service { 'ssh':
ensure => running,
enable => true,
}
Choose from thousands
of pre-built modules
Simulate Enforce ReportDefine
cumulusnetworks.com

The Puppet Enterprise Approach
DEFINE AUTOMATE
operating system resources · virtual machines · clouds · network devices
· storage devices · applications

Puppet Enterprise Steps
Choose from thousands of pre-
built modules.
Define the desired state using a
powerful, declarative language.

Simulate changes before you deploy them.

Enforce changes
and remediate
configuration drift

Gain insight into
your infrastructure.

Puppet Enterprise for Networking
Networking before DevOps
•  Siloed teams
•  Siloed tooling and processes
•  Slow collaboration and information sharing
•  Different processes and tasks for provisioning vs ongoing
change management

Collaborative Networking
•  Unify change insight & management for all infrastructure
•  Enhance collaboration between SysOps and NetOps

Puppet for Networking
•  Share infrastructure code between all of IT
•  Eliminate differences between initial configuration and
ongoing change management
•  Unify application deployments that span compute and
network

App
Day One
•  Configuration of authentication, SNMP, NTP, syslog
Day Two
•  Configuration of interfaces, port channels, QoS
policies
Day Three
•  Application deployments (dynamic routes, VLANs,
change audits)
•  Model network dependencies and deploy in concert
with compute changes
•  Holistically monitor app deployments in Puppet
Configuration Manager
DB
Network
AppApp

Who is Leslie?
§ Operations Engineer
•  @lesliegeek
•  Google
•  Craigslist
•  Twitter
•  Wikimedia Foundation
(Wikipedia)
cumulusnetworks.com

Cumulus Networks at PuppetConf 2015
See Cumulus Networks Leslie Carr
speak on “Why NetDevOps?” at
PuppetConf 2015
1:30pm, Friday, October 9th

What is Cumulus Linux?
§ Cumulus®
Linux®
•  Debian based distribution for Network switches
Cumulus Philosophy
•  Manage your network switch as a server
•  Use existing linux tools to configure network switches
•  Current release — Based on Debian wheezy
cumulusnetworks.com

Single-Vendor blob
-  Constrained innovation
-  High margins for vendors
-  Slow feature dev cycles
Great Physical Networking with the Cumulus
®
Linux
®
OS
18
HARDWARE
APP APPAPP
OPERATING SYSTEM
Customer Choice
-  Vibrant DevOps community
-  Best-of-breed vendors
-  Rapid deployment
hardware
operating system
app app app
NSX
cumulusnetworks.com

Cumulus®
Linux®
Hardware Compatibility List

v
Installation and Configuration

Traditional Network Gear Process
•  Comes preinstalled with (old) software
•  Telnet or serial into box
•  TFTP new image
•  Enable SSH (sometimes with passwords!)
•  Copy/paste configuration
•  Automation usually restricted to Perl, TCL, and expect
scripts
cumulusnetworks.com

Normal Server Installation
•  Reboot and bios with PXE automatically catches
•  TFTP boot image
•  New image pulled over via normal means (usually
webserver, sometimes TFTP)
•  Pre/post installation scripts runs
•  Automation software manages configuration and
administration
cumulusnetworks.com

Network OS installer discovery and execution
•  Like a pre-installed BIOS, PXE, and kickstarter in one
•  Implemented through Linux kernel with BusyBox
Donated to the Open Compute Project (OCP)
http://www.onie.org
ONIE
cumulusnetworks.com

Comparison
bare metal server
Server OS
app app app
BIOS and PXE
bare metal switch
Network OS
app app app
Boot Loader and ONIE
Similar to installing a server OS using PXE
Network OS
boot into
boot into
ONIE looks for and installs network OS image
cumulusnetworks.com

Cumulus Linux OS Installation with ONIE
§ Look for installer (“discover”)
•  Locally, e.g. USB if available
•  Over the network on eth0
•  DHCP, IPv6 neighbor, TFTP
§ Search for file name and execute
•  onie-‐installer-‐*

1
2
Cumulus Linux
OS image

During the DHCP process over eth0 (management interface), Cumulus
Linux will request DHCP option 239. This option is used to specify the
custom provisioning script. It will also send the following headers:
Header

Value

Example

-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐

-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐

-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐

User-‐Agent

CumulusLinux-‐AutoProvision/0.4

CUMULUS-‐ARCH

CPU
architecture

powerpc

CUMULUS-‐BUILD

1.5.1-‐5c6829a-‐201309251712-‐final

CUMULUS-‐LICENSE-‐INSTALLED

Either
0
or
1

1

CUMULUS-‐MANUFACTURER

dni

CUMULUS-‐PRODUCTNAME

et-‐7448bf

CUMULUS-‐SERIAL

XYZ123004

CUMULUS-‐VERSION

1.5.1

CUMULUS-‐PROV-‐COUNT

0

CUMULUS-‐PROV-‐MAX

32

ZTP – Zero Touch Provisioning
cumulusnetworks.com

§ Script must contain CUMULUS-‐AUTOPROVISIONING

Can be in the following languages :
•  Perl
•  Python
•  Ruby
•  Shell
ZTP(Zero Touch Provisioning) Execution
cumulusnetworks.com

ZTP Example with Puppet
1
#!/bin/bash

2

3
function
error()
{

4

echo
-‐e
"e[0;33mERROR:
Provisioning

failed
running
$BASH_COMMAND
at
line

$BASH_LINENO
of
$(basename
$0)
e[0m"
>&2

5

exit
1

6
}

7
trap
error
ERR

8
#
Allow
Cumulus
testing
repo

9
sed
-‐i
/etc/apt/sources.list
-‐e
's/^#s*
(deb.*testing.*)$/1/g'

10

11
#
Upgrade
and
install
Puppet

12
apt-‐get
update
-‐y

13
apt-‐get
upgrade
-‐y

14
apt-‐get
install
puppet
-‐y

15

16
echo
"Configuring
puppet"
|
wall
-‐n

17
sed
-‐i
/etc/default/puppet
-‐e
's/
START=no/START=yes/'

18

19
service
puppet
restart

20

21
#
CUMULUS-‐AUTOPROVISIONING

22

23
exit
0

cumulusnetworks.com

§ Because Debian based, we can do everything with
Puppet Enterprise
•  users
•  interface configuration
•  routing software (Quagga) configuration
Puppet
cumulusnetworks.com

How can we make your life better?
Make Life Even Better
cumulusnetworks.com

Warning - small hard drive and limited processing
power -- not recommended for long term
Scenario - installing new rack with limited
connectivity
* make switch puppetmaster
Interim Puppet Server!
cumulusnetworks.com

Example Topology
leaf 1 leaf 2
swp1 - 4 swp1 - 4
Puppetmaster
cumulusnetworks.com

Transition
cumulusnetworks.com

Puppet Modules and Other Resources
Puppet:
•  Solutions Page:
https://puppetlabs.com/solutions/cumulus
•  Puppet Modules:
https://forge.puppetlabs.com/cumuluslinux
Cumulus:
•  Puppet demo on Cumulus Workbench and other
materials
http://cumulusnetworks.com/solutions/data-center-
automation/puppet/

§  PTM
•  https://github.com/CumulusNetworks/ptm
Example Code
•  https://github.com/LeslieCarr/puppet-presentation
Cumulus Open Source
•  http://oss.cumulusnetworks.com
Twitter
•  @lesliegeek
Find out more!
cumulusnetworks.com

The Building Blocks
§ Cumulus VX
https://cumulusnetworks.com/cumulus-vx/
§ Cumulus Workbench
https://cumulusnetworks.com/cw/
§ Cumulus Linux
http://cumulusnetworks.com/cumulus-linux/overview/
39
Prototype
TestAutomate
Deploy
{ Virtual Appliance }
{ Testing in the Cloud }
{ The Real Deal }
cumulusnetworks.com

Cumulus Networks at PuppetConf 2015
See Cumulus Networks Leslie Carr
speak on “Why NetDevOps?” at
PuppetConf 2015
1:30pm, Friday, October 9th

© 2015 Cumulus Networks. Cumulus Networks, the Cumulus Networks Logo, and Cumulus Linux are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cumulus Networks, Inc. or its
affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. The registered trademark Linux® is used pursuant to a sublicense from LMI,
the exclusive licensee of Linus Torvalds, owner of the mark on a world-wide basis.
§ Thank You!
Unleashing the Power of Open Networking

Manage your switches like servers

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