The document discusses adult basic life support procedures for cardiac arrest. It defines key terms like adult and compression. The chain of survival and simplified adult BLS algorithm are described. Guidelines from the 2010 AHA are summarized, including removing pulse checks and emphasizing early defibrillation. The full BLS health care provider adult cardiac arrest algorithm is shown, outlining steps like verifying safety, checking responsiveness, shouting for help, activating emergency response, using an AED, checking breathing and pulse, beginning chest compressions, maintaining airway and ventilation, and early defibrillation. Details are provided on chest compression techniques, ventilation methods, compression to ventilation ratios, switching rescuers, and guidelines for stopping CPR.
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Adult Basic Life Support Techniques
1. Adult Basic Life Support
Department of Anaesthesiology & Critical Care
Sri Siddhartha Medical College & Research Centre
Tumkur
2. Definition
Cardiac arrest-
Diagnosis
Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation is a technique
of basic life support for oxygenating the brain
and heart until appropriate, definitive medical
treatment can restore normal heart and
ventilatory action.
3. Definition of Terms
Adult-
An adult is anyone who is going through or who has
already gone though puberty.
Patient is Responsive-
Someone who ‘Responds’ moves, speaks, blinks or
otherwise reacts when you tap him and ask if he’s
OK.
Compression-
A ‘Compression’ is the act of pushing on the chest.
AED- automated external defibrillator
6. 2010 AHA Guidelines
Removal of look, listen and feel
Emphasis on early defibrillation
Demphasis on pulse check
7. BLS Health Care Provider Adult Cardiac
Arrest Algorithm
Verify Scene Safety
Check for Unresponsiveness and breathing
Shout for HELP!!
Activate Emergency Response System
AED & Emergency Equipment
Look for PULSE – is it definitive felt in 10
seconds
Start CHEST COMPRESSIONS
Maintain AIRWAY & VENTILATION
Early Defibrillation or AED
8. ALGORITHM
Verify Scene Safety
Check for Unresponsiveness and breathing
Shout for HELP!!
Activate Emergency Response System
AED & Emergency Equipment
Look for PULSE – is it definitive felt in 10
seconds
Start CHEST COMPRESSIONS
Maintain AIRWAY & VENTILATION
Early Defibrillation or AED
9. ALGORITHM
Verify Scene Safety
Check for Unresponsiveness and breathing
Shout for HELP!!
Activate Emergency Response System
AED & Emergency Equipment
Look for PULSE – is it definitive felt in 10
seconds
Start CHEST COMPRESSIONS
Maintain AIRWAY & VENTILATION
Early Defibrillation or AED
10. ALGORITHM
Verify Scene Safety
Check for Unresponsiveness
Shout for HELP!!
Activate Emergency Response System
AED & Emergency Equipment
Look for PULSE – is it definitive felt in 10
seconds
Start CHEST COMPRESSIONS
Maintain AIRWAY & VENTILATION
Early Defibrillation or AED
11. ALGORITHM
Verify Scene Safety
Check for Unresponsiveness
Shout for HELP!!
Activate Emergency Response System
AED & Emergency Equipment
Look for PULSE – is it definitive felt in
10 seconds
Start CHEST COMPRESSIONS
Maintain AIRWAY & VENTILATION
Early Defibrillation or AED
12. ALGORITHM
Verify Scene Safety
Check for Unresponsiveness
Shout for HELP!!
Activate Emergency Response System
AED & Emergency Equipment
Look for PULSE – is it definitive felt in 10
seconds
Start CHEST COMPRESSIONS
Maintain AIRWAY & VENTILATION
Early Defibrillation or AED
13. ALGORITHM
Verify Scene Safety
Check for Unresponsiveness
Shout for HELP!!
Activate Emergency Response System
AED & Emergency Equipment
Look for BREATHING
Look for PULSE – is it definitive felt in 10
seconds
Start CHEST COMPRESSIONS
Maintain AIRWAY & VENTILATION
Early Defibrillation or AED
14. • Site- 2 hands on the
lower half of the
breastbone (sternum)
• Rate- 120 per minute
• Depth- 5 to 6 cm
ALGORITHM
Verify Scene Safety
Check for Unresponsiveness
Shout for HELP!!
Activate Emergency Response System
AED & Emergency Equipment
Look for BREATHING
Look for PULSE – is it definitive felt
in 10 seconds
Start CHEST COMPRESSIONS
Maintain AIRWAY &
VENTILATION
Early Defibrillation or AED
15. • Chest compressions of adequate rate, 100-120,
with 120/min being the maximum
• Chest compressions of adequate depth
(maximum of 6cm or 2.4 inches)
• Allowing full chest recoil in between
compressions, avoid leaning on victims chest
Increased emphasis on high quality
CPR
16. Increased emphasis on high
quality CPR
• Minimizing interruptions in between
compressions as shorter pauses are associated
with greater success (class I).
• Avoiding excessive ventilation
17. • Head tilt
• Chin lift
• Jaw thrust
ALGORITHM
Verify Scene Safety
Check for Unresponsiveness
Shout for HELP!!
Activate Emergency Response
System
AED & Emergency Equipment
Look for BREATHING
Look for PULSE – is it definitive
felt in 10 seconds
Start CHEST COMPRESSIONS
Maintain AIRWAY &
VENTILATION
Early Defibrillation or AED
21. ALGORITHM
Verify Scene Safety
Check for Unresponsiveness
Shout for HELP!!
Activate Emergency Response
System
AED & Emergency Equipment
Look for BREATHING
Look for PULSE – is it definitive
felt in 10 seconds
Start CHEST COMPRESSIONS
Maintain AIRWAY &
VENTILATION
Early Defibrillation or AED
22. SHOCK first OR CPR first
• In an witnessed cardiac arrest, if AED is
immediately available, reasonable to use AED
as soon as possible
23. When to STOP!!
• Return of spontaneous circulation
• Until help arrives
• Physical fatigue.
• Obivious Death