International Web Seminar of Getting to the New Normal: The Role of Local Government in Building Sustainable Communities in a Post COVID-19 World
Hosted by Wellington City Council, Local Government New Zealand (LGNZ), and United Cities and Local Governments Asia Pacific (UCLG ASPAC); Wellington August 24, 2020
Jakarta Experiences of Covid-19: Pentahelix Serving Leadership in Handling and Facing Coronavirus Disease
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Jakarta Experiences of Covid-19:
Pentahelix Serving Leadership in Handling and Facing Coronavirus Disease1
for
International Web Seminar of
Getting to the New Normal: The Role of Local Government in Building
Sustainable Communities in a Post COVID-19 World
Hosted by Wellington City Council, Local Government New Zealand (LGNZ),
and United Cities and Local Governments Asia Pacific (UCLG ASPAC)
By:
Dadang Solihin
Deputy Governor for Tourism and Culture Affairs
Jakarta Capital City Provincial Government
Monday, August 24, 2020
Assalamu’alaikum warrahmatullahi wabarakatuh,
Peace be upon us,
Good Morning Jakarta and Good Afternon Wellington.
- Her Excellency Jacinda Kate Laurell Ardern, Prime Minister of New Zealand;
- Mrs. Tri Rismaharini, President of United Cities and Local Governments Asia
Pacific (UCLG ASPAC);
- Mr. Stuart Crosby; President of Local Government New Zealand (LGNZ);
- Mr. Andy Foster; Mayor of Wellington City;
- Dr. Bernadia Irawati Tjandradewi; UCLG ASPAC Secretary General
(Moderator)
- Mr. Atsushi Koresawa; Director for UN-Habitat Regional Office for Asia and
the Pacific;
- Dr. Gyeng Chul Kim, CEO Dae Jeon Express Transit;
- Mr. Curt Carrigan, Chief Urban Development UNESCAP;
- Mr. Qiang Sheng, Director of Foreign Affairs Office Xi an Municipal People’s
Government;
- Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen.
On behalf of the Governor of Jakarta, I would like to extend his apology for the absence
due to prior engagement.
We are delighted to join this forum with all of you. Allow me to convey our sincere
thank you and appreciation to Wellington City Council, Local Government New
Zealand (LGNZ), and United Cities and Local Governments Asia Pacific (UCLG
ASPAC) in hosting this International Web Seminar with the main aim at Getting to the
New Normal: The Role of Local Government in Building Sustainable Communities in
a Post COVID-19 World.
First of all I would like to start my presentation by conveying the statement of the
Governor of Jakarta, Anies Baswedan, Ph.D: "Our focus is on the people, if we
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Sources: Prof. Dr. R. Budi Haryanto, S.K.M., M.Kes., M.Sc. et al (2020), “DKI Jakarta Bersama Melawan
Corona Menyehatkan Ibukota Negara”, BNPB dan Universitas Indonesia
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save humans, one day the economy can be repaired, but if the people are not
safe, how can we improve the economy?"
The first two positive cases of COVID-19 in Indonesia were announced by the
President of the Republic of Indonesia on March 2, 2020, the mother and child of a
dance trainer from Depok, who were confirmed to have been infected by a participant
in a Japanese national dance event domiciled in Malaysia, which later became the
beginning of Jakarta's struggle. The "war" against COVID-19.
Jakarta Province with a population of more than eleven million people (July 2020),
consists of five administrative city areas and one administrative district. As of July 31,
2020, 21,201 COVID-19 patients were reported in Jakarta, of which 13,208 (62.3%)
had been declared cured and 836 (3.9%) other COVID-19 patients were declared
dead. The spread of COVID-19 until this period has been found in all districts in
Jakarta, recorded in the period 16-30 July 2020, the highest Incident Rate (IR) speed
was in Johar Baru, South Seribu Islands and Kemayoran sub-districts.
In order to prevent and control the spread of COVID-19, the Provincial Government of
Jakarta implements an integrated "end to end process" strategy which includes the
processes of Planning, Testing, Tracing & Tracking, Treating, and Monitoring &
Evaluation. This activity is carried out in the form of collaboration with various parties
including the Central Government, cross-sector in Jakarta Province (OPD),
Professional Organizations, Educational Institutions/Academics, Community/
Religious Leaders and the private sector.
Planning
The strategic steps taken from the start were to carry out internal consolidation of the
Jakarta Provincial Government which began with a meeting of the governor's
regarding the mitigation of the novel coronavirus and marked by the formation of the
Task Force for the Acceleration of Handling COVID-19 on March 16, 2020.
In order to collect COVID-19 data, both from health facilities and public reports, the
Provincial Government of Jakarta has directly provided the COVID-19 extraordinary
event (KLB) Command Post which is integrated with the COVID-19 Command Center.
High public interest in accessing the KLB Post was accompanied by the use of the
latest information technology. Apart from providing phone hunting services at 112 and
WhatsApp number 081112112112 with 24-hour standby officers, Jakarta has also
utilized an artificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbot service to answer community
questions via the WhatsApp message channel.
In preparing for the availability of beds for COVID-19 patients, the Jakarta Provincial
Government continues to develop the capacity of COVID-19 services by building a
network of Public and Private Hospitals, so that at the beginning of the handling of
COVID-19 there are 8 referral hospitals with a capacity of 904 beds increasing to 67
hospitals with a capacity of 4,556 beds.
The increase in hospital capacity must of course be balanced with the addition of
health personnel. For this reason, the Jakarta Provincial Government recruits health
workers to strengthen existing health services. A total of 306 health workers were
successfully recruited and then placed in hospitals, community Health centers
(Puskesmas), sub-district health offices, health offices and regional health
laboratories.
The Jakarta Provincial Government is not necessarily complacent but continues to
innovate in health services, one of which is by providing a place to live for health
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workers and volunteers who handle COVID-19 in several hotels owned by BUMD and
BUMN in Jakarta, the aim is other than to provide convenience for health workers in
on duty, also to reduce the risk of transmission from health workers after work to their
respective places of residence.
Apart from residential accommodation, Jakarta Provincial Government is working with
the transportation sector, namely PT. Trans Jakarta, UP Angkutan Sekolah and
DAMRI to provide transportation services for health workers handling COVID-19.
Various trainings related to handling COVID-19 have also been carried out since the
beginning of the spread of COVID-19 until now. Technical training such as swab-
taking techniques, use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), including training on
corpse screening involving police officers, funeral officers and health workers.
Testing
The capacity of the corona virus test in Indonesia continues to be under the spotlight
of the World Health Organization (WHO). The world health agency implements the
standard number of PCR tests of 1 person per thousand population per week. This
means that Jakarta must carry out PCR examinations on 10,645 people (not
specimens) every week or 1,521 people per day. Currently, according to WHO, only
Jakarta Province has met the standards set by WHO, even every week the number of
PCR checks performed by Jakarta has reached more or less four times the WHO
standard.
In addition, WHO also sets the standard for the percentage of positive cases of no
more than 5%. The percentage of positive cases is the number of people who are
found to be positive compared to the number of people who have tested for PCR.
However, this percentage of positive cases is only considered valid if the minimum
number of tests performed has been met. Jakarta's positivity rate is recorded at 4.9%
(as of 3 August 2020), still below the standard set by WHO.
Currently, Jakarta has 54 COVID-19 laboratory networks with an examination capacity
of 11,267 samples per day. The ability to inspect Jakarta can be seen in the report as
of July 31, 2020, as many as 5,344 people were tested for PCR or 51% of the
proportion of people examined by PCR in Indonesia. However, the high number of
COVID-19 checks has resulted in an increase in the number of COVID-19 cases found
and this is often misinterpreted so that the Jakarta Provincial Government has failed
to control the spread of COVID-19. In fact, the increase in cases was due to the
massive PCR examination resulting from the Active Case Finding (ACF) activity and
close contact tracing conducted by the Puskesmas. The goal is to find positive cases
as soon as possible so that they can be treated immediately and break the chain of
transmission; a concept that is very good and effective but politically unpopular so that
not many other provinces dare to follow the steps of the Jakarta Provincial
Government.
Tracing & Tracking
Tracing and tracking of COVID-19 patients are carried out not only based on reports
of COVID-19 patients and the public through various complaint channels owned by
the Jakarta Provincial Government, including the JAKI Application (Jakarta now), 14
Quick Community Response (CRM) complaint channels, or the COVID-19 Response
Post, but also is actively implemented through close contact tracing and Active Case
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Finding. This policy is stated in the Circular of the Head of the Health Office on Active
Case Finding.
After the Puskesmas officer finds a COVID-19 case in their area, the next step is that
the patient will be referred to the Hospital or Athlete Village to get the treatment needed
or can also be advised to carry out independent isolation in his place of residence.
Treating
In general, the management of COVID-19 patients in Jakarta refers to the guidelines
issued by related professional organizations and colleges. Meanwhile, community
health treatment refers to the guidelines for handling COVID-19 issued by the Ministry
of Health and Standard Operational Procedures prepared by the Health Service Office.
Treatment with COVID-19 fixed procedures (protap) is not only given to COVID-19
patients, but also to the bodies of COVID-19 patients. The handling of the COVID-19
body is very well integrated because the Jakarta Provincial Government has a clear
SOP in handling the COVID-19 body. The Jakarta Provincial Government has also
appointed a Public Cemetery (TPU) designated for COVID-19 bodies, a policy that
has proven effective in avoiding the possibility of local residents' rejection of COVID-
19 bodies as has happened in other provinces.
Management of Medical Waste Management in Health Service Facilities owned by the
Jakarta Regional Government has also received great attention from the Jakarta
Provincial Government in the context of Prevention and Control of COVID-19 which is
carried out regularly.
Other strategic steps were also taken by the Jakarta Provincial Government outside
the health aspect, both aimed at external and internal parties, including the stipulation
of activity restrictions and the closure of facilities that can invite crowds since March
5, 2020, restrictions on services in the field of licensing that involves face-to-face, as
well as the formation of a licensing review team and public activities that will be carried
out in the Capital City. In the field of foreign cooperation, there is a postponement of
work visit activities and official trips abroad in order to anticipate the risk of
transmission of COVID-19.
The same thing is seen in the field of education with the transfer of teaching and
learning activities to online learning at home and the temporary closure of public
places such as the Public Library Building, markets, places of worship, city parks, and
tourist attractions. Campaigns for studying, working and worshiping at home are
continuously socialized.
Modifications in the transportation sector were also carried out by lifting the odd-even
policy and limiting the time and number of passengers in the mode of transportation.
The Jakarta Provincial Government also pays attention to Jakarta residents who are
affected by the COVID-19 pandemic by providing basic necessities in the form of basic
necessities, providing independent isolation places, providing free masks and
providing masks at affordable prices at Pasar Jaya.
All aspects of both health and non-health receive equal attention from the Jakarta
Provincial Government to ensure the health and welfare of the people of Jakarta.
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Reporting
To support the process of recording and reporting COVID-19 data, the Jakarta
Provincial Government is the first province to build a COVID-19 Recording and
Reporting System in Indonesia. This system facilitates all health facilities in Jakarta to
report COVID-19 cases quickly and accurately. The recording and reporting system
developed by the Health Office is based on Epidemiological Investigation reporting in
order to provide important information from both clinical and public health aspects.
This recording system can be accessed at https://reporting-covid19.jakarta.go.id/.
As a form of data and information transparency, the Jakarta Provincial Government
has created a website that displays the latest information about COVID-19 and its
handling in the Jakarta area. This website, which can be accessed via
corona.jakarta.go.id, is open to the public. There is a lot of information here, from
information about the disease to data on case progress, disease trends, case spread,
and others.
This official page is very useful in disseminating information not only to the people of
Jakarta, but also to people outside Jakarta, including the world community, because it
is proven that this page is accessed by many general public, news agencies,
academics, and others abroad.
Health Promotion and Risk Communication
One form of handling COVID-19 carried out by the Jakarta Provincial Health Office is
a promotional effort by making various health promotion media related to COVID-19.
This effort aims to increase public awareness of the dangers of COVID-19 and provide
accurate information about preventive actions that people can take to avoid COVID-
19. The products produced by the Health Service Office include posters, banners,
infographics, and videos.
Monitoring and Evaluation
The Health Office periodically conducts assessments of the current situation to be able
to produce data-based recommendations for policy making. All activities that have
been planned will be reviewed whether they are effective, efficient, and have a positive
impact on the community.
The Jakarta Provincial Health Office monitors the target areas in each region down to
the sub-district, village, citizens association (RW) and neighborhood association (RT)
levels. Among them are monitoring pregnant women, toddlers, and children who are
positive for COVID-19 in Jakarta, monitoring health facilities, coaching isolation
houses, auditing the readiness of health facilities, and monitoring the availability of
personal protective equipment (APD).
Cross Sector Collaboration
In order to increase awareness of the risk of transmission of COVID-19 infection in the
Jakarta Province, Jakarta Provincial Government involves the role of all sectors within
the Jakarta Provincial Government in handling COVID-19 as collaborators to support
and carry out socialization and risk control activities in accordance with Governor
Instruction Number 16/2020 concerning Increased Alertness to the Risk of
Transmission of COVID-19 Infection.
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Lesson Learnt
If you look at the national task force, the smallest data is at the city level, which is
different from Jakarta, which has data down to the village level that can be accessed
quickly. Thus, the Jakarta Provincial Government uses the incidence rate (IR) at the
city, sub-district and village levels to be a part that must be evaluated, including the
speed of the IR rate. This is important to do because the total large-scale social
restrictions (PSBB) cannot be enforced continuously, so that the Jakarta Provincial
Government must have some kind of emergency drill that is smaller in nature, so that
a kind of lockdown can be carried out, or tight control in an area.
Now, the Jakarta Provincial Government can report the IR rate once a week and once
every two weeks. The basis for the rate of IR is issued to the village level, then the
city-level task force team together with the sub-district health center and the kelurahan
and RW level task force teams select the RW that is most at high risk, which is
determined in a meeting decision at their level. Then came the RW which had to be
closely monitored to avoid negligence. The Jakarta Provincial Government continues
to say that the implemented PSBB has not yet been completed, but there are several
transition periods that need more attention than others. On the other hand, Jakarta
Provincial Government also carries out planning by modeling or estimating cases,
which are not carried out by other provinces.
Here, strict supervision remains in place. Of course, that does not mean a total
lockdown or total quarantine at the RW. Now, every Monday the Health Office together
with the provincial level task force team conducts an evaluation meeting with each
setting, presenting the progress of policies made for other interventions in accordance
with existing conditions in the field. Those are some of the strategies carried out by
the Jakarta Provincial Government as an integrated learning of handling COVID-19.
By handling COVID-19 in an integrated manner, including planning, testing, tracing,
treating, reporting, monitoring, and evaluating, Jakarta continues to carry out various
activities in an effort to reduce the spread of COVID-19, with the hope of maintaining
the safety of its citizens.
The many obstacles and challenges that come and go and occur every day make the
COVID-19 pandemic look still difficult to predict when it will end. Jakarta has no choice
but to keep trying to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
Closing
Finally, thank you for this good opportunity to share Jakarta experiences and good
practices in combating COVID-19 pandemic. This new normal era has given us more
important role to create a stronger and resistance cities in a Post COVID-19 World. I
would like to conclude my speech by expressing my hope that through this forum,
together we can build sustainable communities and will have a meaningful impact to
recover from the global pandemic.
Terima Kasih
Wassalamualaikum Warrohmatullohi Wabarokatuh.