Regional Planning Case Study of Goa Region

REGIONAL PLANNING AND CASE STUDY OF
GOA REGION
PROF:DARSHAN V..PATEL

Provisions of 74th Constitution Amendment Act
• The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act (73rd CAA) came in effect
from 24th April, 1993 and 74th Constitution Amendment Act (74th
CAA), in effect from 1st June 1993, ushered a new era in the history
of urban local government in the country.
• The Constitution of India has detailed provisions for ensuring
protection of democracy in Parliament and State Legislatures;
however, it did not make local self‐government in urban areas a clear
cut constitutional obligation.
• Even though there was provision for organization of village
Panchayats in the Directive Principles of State Policy, there was no
reference to municipalities except implicitly in Entry – 5 of the State
List.
• The 74th CAA (referred to as part IXA of Constitution) made
provisions for decentralization, thereby, ensuring democracy in the
establishment and operation of local self-government.
• It bestows power to the people to plan for themselves and participate
in the decision making process

1) Constitution of Panchayats and Municipalities:
Article 243 B of 73rd CAA, provides for the constitution of
Panchayats at three levels in a state:
a) Village,
b) Intermediate (may not be constituted in a State having a population
not exceeding twenty lakhs) and
c) District.
Article 243 Q of 74th CAA, provides for constitution of
Municipalities in every State as given under:
a) Nagar Panchayat for transitional area, that is to say, an area in
transition from rural to urban in character.
b) Municipal Council for a smaller urban area
2) Constitution of Ward Committees: Article 243 S provides for
constitution of ward committees, consisting of one or more wards,
within the territorial area of a Municipality having a population of 3,
00,000 or more.

3) Duration of Municipalities: Article 243 E of 73rd CAA and 243 U of
74th CAA, provides a fixed term of 5 years of a panchayat and municipality
respectively, from the date appointed. Elections to constitute a panchayat or
municipality are required to be completed before the expiration of the
duration of the municipality.
4) Powers, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats and
Municipalities:
Article 243G of 73rd and 243W of 74th CAA provides powers, authority and
responsibilities of Municipalities subject that legislature of the State by law
endow:
a) The Panchayats and Municipality with such powers and authority those are
necessary to enable them to function as institutions of self-government.
The law prepared by the state government may contain provisions for the
devolution of powers and responsibilities upon Municipalities, with or
without conditions with respect to the preparation of plans for economic
development and social justice;

6) State Finance Commission:
Article 243 I of 73rd CAA give provision of State
Finance Commission (SFC). Article 243 Y of 74th CAA
extends duty/power of SFC to review the financial positions
of municipalities apart from Panchayati Raj
Institutions and make recommendations to the Governor.

7) Committee for District Planning:
Article 243 ZD provides for constitution of District Planning
Committee at district level in every state, to consolidate the plans
prepared by the Panchayats and the Municipalities in the district and
to prepare a draft development plan for the district as a whole.
a) A close study of this article provides a reasonable inference that
each municipality is expected to prepare a plan for its area and
undertake the task of urban planning including town planning,
regulation of land uses, construction of buildings and phasing of
the programme for economic and social development as
envisaged in the Twelfth Schedule.
b) The DPC would provide interaction with the municipal bodies
and panchayati Raj institutions, in addition to planning and conflict
resolutions.

8) Committee for Metropolitan Planning:
Article 243 ZE provides for constitution of a Metropolitan Planning
Committee (MPC) for planning a metropolitan area having a
population of 10 lakh or more, comprising one or more districts and
consisting of one or more municipalities or panchayats.
9) Scheduled Areas:
In terms of Article 243 M of 73rd&243ZC of 74th CAA, these
provisions shall not apply to Scheduled areas and Tribal areas as
referred to in Article 244 of the Constitution (i.e Scheduled areas and
scheduled tribes in the States of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and
Mizoram.) However, Parliament may by law, extend the provisions
of Part IXA to these areas subject to such exceptions
and modifications as may be specified in that law.

REGIONAL PLAN
Region is a contiguous geographical area, which has a fair degree of uniformity, in administration,
economic linkages or natural environment. It is relatively a large area, with hierarchy of settlements and
varying landscape. (Source-URDPFI Guidelines) 2015
Example- Southern Regions (Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala) ,European Economic Market, SAARC,
Damodar Valley, Mumbai Metropolitan Region etc.
Region
Introduction
About the
Region
Constituted
areas:
Region,
Sub‐region,
Functional
areas,
Growth
centres etc.
Ratio of
Urban and
rural
developmen
t
Region
Morphology
Analysis of
regional
resources
• Physical
setting
• Geographyof
the Region
• Demography
(Region and
Sub‐region
wise)
• Settlement
pattern
• Transportation
• Physical and
Socio
Economic
linkages
• Environment
Projected
requirement
s
Implementation Plan
Major proposals and
projects
• Regional policy &
Development
strategy
• Regional land use
and Development
Controls
• Regional
infrastructure
• Disaster Risk
Mitigation measures
• Tourism
• New and Modified
Policies
• Implementation strategies for
the region for land and
resource mobilisation
• Co‐ordination of local bodies
and authorities and integrated
management
• structure for the region
• Estimation of the Fiscal
requirement phase‐wise and
source of fund. Specifying
• projects to be taken up under
PPP
• Priorities of the developmental
projects and further detailing of
plans
• Framework of monitoring and
its mechanism
AccordingTo
the project
needs and
suitability
(Source-URDPFI Guidelines) 2015 PROF:DARSHAN V..PATEL

Considering the importance of regional planning at the district level and with the view to integrating the urban
and regional development, the DPC and MPC were created through the 73rd and 74th CAA.
Planning Region
Administrative Region Investment Region Special Region
• New investment Manufacturing
zones
• Industrial Corridor & freight Corridor
• Special Investment Regions
• Eco Sensitive regions
• Culturally Sensitive regions
• Socio-Economic Sensitive regions
District Regions
Metropolitan
Region
Delineation
Legal Provision for
a regions
Planning Effects
Administrative
Setup
As per ConstitutionalAmendment
Act
Administrative setup of these
regions have to be decide by state
Legislature
Some states have provision to
prepare DP on lines of CAA
Source- Compilation From 73rd & 74th CCA, 1992, Administrative setups & Regional Planning Cases in India
Region based on
Homogeneity, Functional Relationship, Administrative Regions
Specific Provisions formulated
Legal provision for delineating
special regions
Very few special regions in
India
Efforts have been taken by
some state for investment
regions and at national level
Based on the requirements of the region , administrative setup
be decide by State or Centre.
As per provisions of
Constitutional
Amendment Acr
Administrative setup of these
regions have to decide by State
Legislature

DISTRICT AS PLANNING REGION
 India has 640 districts and according to Census ofIndia,2011.
 67 % districts are urbanized up to 50 % out of which approximately 7 % have crossed the line of 40 %
Urbanization and 9 % districts are 100 % urbanized.
Proposed District Planning process
Pre planning Consultation
State level Perspective Plan
District Level
Metropolitan
Region
Distribution
Distribution
Compilation
Compilation
Development
Authority
Distribution
Compilation
Distribution
Compilation
Taluka Level Village Level
Ward Level
Overlayplans
Sortingofissuesamongst
administrativeauthorities
Draftregionalplanpreparation
Publicparticipation
Finalregionalplan
• Delineation of zones
• List of authorities must be
prepared with their role
• Mapping scale and time lines
of plan must mentioned
• Put on Public Platform for Scrutiny
• Transparency in plan preparation
• Inspections of comments and
rectification and processing of plans

ASPECTS OF INVESTMENT REGION PLANNING
 The policy in relation to land‐use and the allocation of land for different uses.
 Identification of the potential nodes and counter magnets (if required for decongestion) for future and
proposals for development.
 Integrated transport policy, administration policy, law and ordermachinery.
 Plan for regional infrastructure linkages, a dedicated and sustainable connectivity across thecorridor
and hinterland.
 Policy for economicdevelopment.
 Fund flow fordevelopment.
 Indication of the areas which require immediate development as "priority areas".
 Roles and responsibilities of variousstakeholders.
 Housing and shelterdevelopment.
 Protection of environmentally and ecologically sensitive areas and conservation of heritage.
 Sustainable development of resources including agriculture and rural development.
 The perspective plan should define the influence zone of the corridor or define the rationality of
selection in case of anode.
 Monitoring systems and social audit mechanisms to ensure effective implementation of the plan.

CRITERIA FOR DELINEATION OF REGION
Parameters & Indicators
 Environment and land suitability - Soil cover & fertility, Topography, Geology, Geomorphology,
Lithology & Drainage, Surface water body & Ground water table, Green & forest cover, Buffer areas,
Agriculture cover and intensity of production, Hazardous zone, Other environmentally sensitive areas
 Demographic, Quality of Life - Population growth rate: percentage increase in population,
Urbanism: percentage of urban population to total population, Migration: number of persons migrating to nodal
point, Density: population per Ha, Aspect of literacy, Other socio economic aspects,
 Flows - Goods: Volume of goods traffic, People: Passenger traffic, Finance: banking facilities, Infrastructure
links: Supply and management of services such as water supply, waste water and solid waste treatment with
focus on recycling and re‐use, Drainage channels, irrigation channels, power house, Information: location of
institutes, movement of students and scholars , Telephone calls
 Economic and investments – Economic, Large investment proposals for developments, Workers
Percentage of on‐agricultural workers to total workers, Land ownership and land uses.
 Others- Contiguity of areas, Integrated development, Adjustment of boundaries with other planning areas,
Manageable size of the region from planning point of view.
Sources- Various Sources including Reading Material on Planning Techniques by JH Ansari and Mahavir.,
URDPFI Guidelines

GOA
 Area:3702 sq.km
 Population:14.58
lakhs(Prov.Census2011)
60%live in coastal zone
 Density:394 ppsq.km
 Urban:62.17% of totalpopulation
 Administrative: 2 Districts:North
Goa and South Goa with 12
Talukas 1 Mun Corporation & 13
Municipalities 189 village
Panchayats
DISTRICT MAP OF GOA

TOPOGRAPHICAL DETAILS
 3 Topographical Zones–
Coastal
Midlands
Ghats
 33% ForestCover
 Diverse Ecosystem

3 REGIONAL PLANS: GOA
 RPG 2001: FirstRegional Plan in India to Cover Entire
State
 RPG 2011: FirstRegional Plan to be Scrapped
 RPG 2021: First Regional Plan to Introduce Bottom
UpPlanning (Plans developed at the lowest level of
firm and then channeled through each next higher
level of itsparticipation)

BACKGROUND TO RPG-2021
 August 2006: The Final Regional Plan 2011 notified.
– Total50% increasein settlementarea as comparedtoRP
2001.Unprecedented publicmobilizationagainst Plan.
 January 2007: Goa government denotesRegional Plan
2011 giving in to mounting publicpressure.
 October 2007: CM’sTaskForce for RPG 2021 formed
– Includes CharlesCorrea,Edgar Ribeiro (ex-CTPIndia) and
representative members of thepublic
 September 2008: DraftRPG-2021 submitted(181 days
Public Processthereafter)
 November 2010: Final RPG-2021 notified inparts

RPG-2021
 Goa is the only state of the union to have a state level regional plan.
 The State of Goa has prepared Goa Regional Plan, 2021.
 The basic approach for preparation of Goa Regional Plan has been protection
of fragile environment of the State by introducing “Eco Sensitive Zones” and
planning details at village Panchayatslevel.
 Tofacilitate the regional planning three tier structure was prepared.At
highest level is State LevelCommittee, at lowest level is village panchayat and
Taluka level task force at intermediatelevel.
 The Regional Plan gives a micro level planning of the State of Goa with the
village Panchayats as the planning units. Multiple level consultative process
has been undertaken in preparation of the plan.

OBJECTIVES
“Tocreate a more vibrant and prosperous Goa…to createa
Goa that has greater economic prosperity… in a manner
that does not endanger the fragile ecosystems that make
Goa what itis. ..Webelieve this can be best done in honest
and open collaboration with the people of Goa.”
-Draft RPG2021

66%
25%
0.08%
0.08%
0.02%
9%
0.02%1%
Religious Data
Hindu
Christian
Muslim
Not Available
Sikh
Jain
Buddhist
Other Religion
Goa at Glance, Census of India2001 2011

POWER
Goa’s power demand has been increasing by leaps and bounds after its liberation. The
annual per capita consumption has increased from 13 KWH to over 959 KWH, as against the
national average of around 300 KWH. Electricity department can take credit for electrifying
100 percentage of the villages in Goa and focus now on making power available to all
categories of users in quantity and quality. The Government of Goa has done well to permit
power generation in the private sector and a 48 MW plant installed by Reliance – Salgaonkar
Ltd. is already functional.
Mandovi River Zuari River Chapora River
WATER
Goa receives an average rainfall over 3000 mm. The availability of water in Goa will not pose
any problem for a number of years to come. The present water supply damnation the State is
catered through Seven Regional Water Supply Schemes installed Opa, Assonora, Sanquelim,
Salaulim, Canacona, Dabose and Chandel. The Salaulim water supply scheme is the largest
amongst all the regional water supply schemes having capacity of 160 MLD covering most
part of the South Goa District.

MISSION FOR SLUMS
It is the endeavor of the Government of Goa to provide need based, quality & affordable
housing to suit local requirements along with adequate supporting infrastructure services to
all by 2015 AD.
SOURCE- GOA HOUSING BOARDPROF:DARSHAN V..PATEL

ISSUES
 Pressure on land fuelled by speculation changing characterof Goa’s
settlements
 Agriculture lands converting toreal estate
 Intramigrationand lack of jobs tomatchskill sets ofpopulation
 Infrastructure needing upgradation.
 Environmentaldegradation due to Goa’s two major industries-
tourism andmining.
STRATEGIES
Toensure future balanced distribution of population andsustainable
growth –
•Creation of new growth centers in the midland talukas
•Enhanced public transportationnetworks
•Preserving Goa’s fragileenvironment

TOURISM
26.49 lakh annualtourists
Increasing RealEstate
Development
IMPACTS
 Increasing Deforestation
 DecliningAgriculture
 Increasing WaterPollution
 Decreasing WaterTable
 Salt water ingress
 Increasing SolidWaste
 InadequateSewage
Disposal

MINING AND ITS IMPACTS
 117 operating mining leases that cover 259 sq. km of land in the
state
 Large reject dumps prone to erosion duringmonsoon.
 Cause siltation /inundation and pollution of water bodies and
agriculturallands.
 Deforestation
 Severe air pollution due to transportation of ore by open trucks

MAPPING
ECO-1 54.06%
• Forests(NP/Sanctuary/Protected/
Reserved/private forests)35.53%
• Mangroves 1.22%
• Water bodies 5.32%
• Khazan lands/paddy fields 11.66%
• Non DevelopableSlopes (gradientover 33%)
• CRZ-I
ECO-2 26.29%
• Orchards 22.77%
• Cultivable lands 3.32%
• Salt Pans 0.06%
• Fish Farms/Mud Flats 0.13%, CRZ-II
80%of land under conservation/regulation

MAPPING OFMINES
• 117 activeMines
• 700 miningleases
• RPRecommendations:
• Closure of Mineswithin Forests
• Phasing out of Mines within 1 km
Forest Buffer and 1 km buffer of
WaterSources

SPATIALSTRATEGY

RPG-21 : DISTRICT PLANS

WHY IS RPG 2021 SIGNIFICANT?
 Foregrounds Participation & Sustainability
– RPG-2021 as broad frameworkwith development
plans to be prepared by Local Bodies
– 80%land under eco-protection and regulated
development

FOREST VIOLATION

Regional Planning Case Study of Goa Region

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Regional Planning Case Study of Goa Region