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Uranium Exploration Potential
Athabasca Basin
Saskatchewan, Canada
Presentation Outline
• Geological Setting
• Distribution of Unconformity-Type Deposits
• Genetic Model and Variants
• Uranium Exploration Criteria
– Regional and District Scale
– Local Scale
• Uranium Exploration Methods – Summary
• Uranium Deposit Resources and Grade
• Uranium Supply/Demand
• Uranium Exploration Cycles
Modified after Jefferson et al., 2007
After Jefferson et al., 2007
Athabasca Basin, Major Uranium Deposits
50 Km
Genetic Model for Athabasca Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits
Genetic Model: Diagenetic-Hydrothermal
Oxidized, mineralized basinal fluids interact with
graphitic metapelites resulting in reduction of uranium
After Alexandre et al., 2005
Athabasca Unconformity-Type Uranium
Deposit Model Variants
Athabasca/Unconformity
Hosted
Basement/Unconformity
Hosted
Athabasca/Unconformity
Basement Hosted
Athabasca
End Member
Basement
End-Member
Athabasca/Basement
Combined
After Jefferson et al., 2007
Athabasca Unconformity-Type
Uranium Deposit Model Variants
Athabasca
End Member
Basement
End-Member
After Jefferson et al., 2007
Example of Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposit Geometry
McClean Lake North Pod 1 (Plan and 3D Views)
(After Wallis, 1985)
Significant Exploration Characteristics of
Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits
Regional and District Scale Attributes
• Athabasca Sandstone: Fluviatile Red Beds; Uranium Depleted
• Unconformity: Athabasca Sandstone/Basement
• Paleo-Regolith: Archean and Proterozoic Basement
• Uranium-Rich Basement Complex: U-enriched Granite and Pegmatite
• Ductile Deformation: Basement Zones of Weakness
• Reactivated Regional Faults: Virgin River, Cable Bay, Black Bay
• Graphitic Metapelite Gneiss: Zones of Weakness; Provides Reductant
• Archean Granitoids: Spatial Association with some Uranium Deposits
• Domain Boundary Transition: Wollaston-Mudjatic; Mudjatic-Virgin River
• Regional Alteration Corridors: Illite-Chlorite-Dravite Corridor East Athabasca
Significant Exploration Characteristics of
Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits
After Jefferson et al., 2007
Significant Exploration Characteristics of
Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits
After Jefferson et al., 2007
Mudjatic Domain
Wollaston-Mudjatic
Transition Zone
Wollaston Domain
50 Km
Significant Exploration Characteristics of
Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits
Regional and District Scale
Significant Exploration Characteristics of
Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits
Regional and District Scale
After Jefferson et al., 2007
Correlation between Uranium Deposits, EM Conductors,
Magnetic Intensity, and DDH Locations
CAMECO
AREVA
UEX
DENISON
FORUM
50 Km
Significant Exploration Characteristics of
Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits
Local Scale Attributes
• Athabasca/Unconformity Ore: Polymetallic (Complex Mineralogy)
• Unconformity Basement Ore: Monometallic (Simple Mineralogy)
• Brittle Structures: Faults, Fractures, Breccia
• Deposit Morphology: Athabasca – Flattened, elongate, linear pods/bodies
• Deposit Morphology: Basement – Shear-bounded ore lenses
• Alteration: Athabasca – Illite-Kaolinite-Chlorite envelope/chimney
• Alteration: Athabasca – High K2O / Al2O3
• Alteration: Basement – Illite-Sudoite-Fe Mg Chlorite envelope
• Alteration: Paleoregolith – Bleaching (Illite) overprint of Hematite-Chlorite
• Quartz Dissolution: Volume reduction, collapse of Athabasca Group strata
• Late Silicification: Formation of drusy quartz along fractures
• Perched Uranium Zones: Fracture/Fault controlled; above deposit
K2O / Al2O3 Ratios for Midwest Lake
(After Sopuck, 1980; Abrahim, 1985)
Example of Alteration ‘Chimney’
above ‘egress’ style deposits
(Cigar Lake, Midwest Lake, McClean Lake)
(Modified after Jefferson et al. 2007)
Example of Unconformity Uranium Deposit: Sue C
From: Purepoint Uranium 2013 Corporate Presentation
Athabasca Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits
Geophysical and Geochemical Methods
Modified after Jefferson, 2007; Fogwill, 1985
Trace and REE Elements in Athabasca Sandstone,
Phoenix Deposit, Zone A and B
Uranium Deposit Depths
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
CluffLake1969
Horseshoe/Raven
1974
KeyLake1975
WestBear1977
McCleanLake1978
MidwestLake1978
DawnLake1978
EaglePoint1980
CigarLake1981
McArthurRiver1988
SheaCreek1992
Tamarack1999
Millenium2002
Centennial2004
Roughrider2008
Phoenix2010
J-Zone2012
PattersonLake2013
Depth(m)
Uranium Deposit Mineral Resource
133
123
106
105
88
70
61
60
58
56
41
41
30
29
18
17
16
14
14
13
12
12
11
6
6
5
4
2
2
2
2
1
1
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
McArthurRiver
CigarLake
EaglePoint
Deilman-KeyLake
PattersonLake*
Millenium
SheaCreek
Phoenix
Centennial*
Gaertner-KeyLake
RoughriderW/E
Midwest
CollinsBayB
RabbitLake
DawnLake
SueC
Tamarack
CollinsBayA
Horseshoe
Dominique-Peter
D-JSouthandWest
JZone
CluffLakeD
McClean
Raven
CollinsBayD
Claude
JEB
CluffLakeN
SueA
SueB
MauriceBay
Dominique-Janine
WestBear
Fond-du-Lac
CluffLakeOP
MMLbsU3O8
342
589 Athabasca Unconformity Uranium Deposit Mineral Resources
Source: Cameco/UxC/Historical
Uranium Spot and Long-Term Price Trend
$0.00
$20.00
$40.00
$60.00
$80.00
$100.00
$120.00
$140.00
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
Year
$US/lbU3O8
Spot
Long-Term
GlobalRecession
FukushimaDisaster
U3O8 Resource
58.30
530.00
983.00
105.98
293.97
118.39
5 16 7 2 4 2
0.00
200.00
400.00
600.00
800.00
1000.00
1200.00
1960-1970 1970-1980 1980-1990 1990-2000 2000-2010 2010-2014
Date Range
MMlbsU3O8
MM Lbs U3O8
# Deposits
RabbitLake,CluffLake
KeyLake,McCleanLake
MidwestLake,EaglePoint
CigarLake,McArthurRiver
SheaCreek,Tamarack
Phoenix,Roughrider,Millennium
PattersonLake,J-Zone
Date Range MM Lbs U3O8 # Deposits Major Uranium Discoveries
1960-1970 58.30 5 Rabbit Lake, Cluff Lake
1970-1980 530.00 16 Key Lake, McClean Lake, Midwest Lake, Eagle Point
1980-1990 983.00 7 Cigar Lake, McArthur River, Sue, JEB
1990-2000 105.98 2 Shea Creek, Tamarack
2000-2010 293.97 4 Phoenix, Roughrider, Millenium, Centennial
2010-2014 118.39 2 Patterson Lake, J-Zone
Economic Uranium Deposit Discoveries in the Athabasca Basin
referenced to the Spot Uranium Price and Exploration Expenditures
Beaverlodge Deposit Model
(Classical Vein-Type Uranium)
Elliot Lake Deposit Model
(Placer Uranium)
Unconformity Deposit Model
(Diagenetic-Hydrothermal Uranium)
New Deposit Model
(Unconformity Variants?)
1950 1960 1970 2010
Selective History of Paradigm Shifts in Uranium Exploration Process
(Modified after Marlatt and Kyser, 2011)
Prospector Driven Exploration
Research/Model/Technology
Driven Exploration
1980 1990 2000
Athabasca Basin Uranium Exploration ‘Learning Curve’
(after Marlatt and Kyser, 2011)
300 m 600 m >900 m
From: Fission Uranium Presentation 2014
Contact Information
Delio Tortosa, P.Eng., M.Sc.
Geological Consultant
Tel: 705 946-1040
Cell: 705 971-4768
Email: dtortosa@vianet.ca

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Uranium Exploration Potential, Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan, Canada

  • 1. Uranium Exploration Potential Athabasca Basin Saskatchewan, Canada
  • 2. Presentation Outline • Geological Setting • Distribution of Unconformity-Type Deposits • Genetic Model and Variants • Uranium Exploration Criteria – Regional and District Scale – Local Scale • Uranium Exploration Methods – Summary • Uranium Deposit Resources and Grade • Uranium Supply/Demand • Uranium Exploration Cycles
  • 4. After Jefferson et al., 2007
  • 5. Athabasca Basin, Major Uranium Deposits 50 Km
  • 6. Genetic Model for Athabasca Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits Genetic Model: Diagenetic-Hydrothermal Oxidized, mineralized basinal fluids interact with graphitic metapelites resulting in reduction of uranium After Alexandre et al., 2005
  • 7. Athabasca Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposit Model Variants Athabasca/Unconformity Hosted Basement/Unconformity Hosted Athabasca/Unconformity Basement Hosted Athabasca End Member Basement End-Member Athabasca/Basement Combined After Jefferson et al., 2007
  • 8. Athabasca Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposit Model Variants Athabasca End Member Basement End-Member After Jefferson et al., 2007
  • 9. Example of Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposit Geometry McClean Lake North Pod 1 (Plan and 3D Views) (After Wallis, 1985)
  • 10. Significant Exploration Characteristics of Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits Regional and District Scale Attributes • Athabasca Sandstone: Fluviatile Red Beds; Uranium Depleted • Unconformity: Athabasca Sandstone/Basement • Paleo-Regolith: Archean and Proterozoic Basement • Uranium-Rich Basement Complex: U-enriched Granite and Pegmatite • Ductile Deformation: Basement Zones of Weakness • Reactivated Regional Faults: Virgin River, Cable Bay, Black Bay • Graphitic Metapelite Gneiss: Zones of Weakness; Provides Reductant • Archean Granitoids: Spatial Association with some Uranium Deposits • Domain Boundary Transition: Wollaston-Mudjatic; Mudjatic-Virgin River • Regional Alteration Corridors: Illite-Chlorite-Dravite Corridor East Athabasca
  • 11. Significant Exploration Characteristics of Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits After Jefferson et al., 2007
  • 12. Significant Exploration Characteristics of Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits After Jefferson et al., 2007
  • 13. Mudjatic Domain Wollaston-Mudjatic Transition Zone Wollaston Domain 50 Km Significant Exploration Characteristics of Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits Regional and District Scale
  • 14. Significant Exploration Characteristics of Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits Regional and District Scale After Jefferson et al., 2007
  • 15. Correlation between Uranium Deposits, EM Conductors, Magnetic Intensity, and DDH Locations CAMECO AREVA UEX DENISON FORUM 50 Km
  • 16. Significant Exploration Characteristics of Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits Local Scale Attributes • Athabasca/Unconformity Ore: Polymetallic (Complex Mineralogy) • Unconformity Basement Ore: Monometallic (Simple Mineralogy) • Brittle Structures: Faults, Fractures, Breccia • Deposit Morphology: Athabasca – Flattened, elongate, linear pods/bodies • Deposit Morphology: Basement – Shear-bounded ore lenses • Alteration: Athabasca – Illite-Kaolinite-Chlorite envelope/chimney • Alteration: Athabasca – High K2O / Al2O3 • Alteration: Basement – Illite-Sudoite-Fe Mg Chlorite envelope • Alteration: Paleoregolith – Bleaching (Illite) overprint of Hematite-Chlorite • Quartz Dissolution: Volume reduction, collapse of Athabasca Group strata • Late Silicification: Formation of drusy quartz along fractures • Perched Uranium Zones: Fracture/Fault controlled; above deposit
  • 17. K2O / Al2O3 Ratios for Midwest Lake (After Sopuck, 1980; Abrahim, 1985) Example of Alteration ‘Chimney’ above ‘egress’ style deposits (Cigar Lake, Midwest Lake, McClean Lake) (Modified after Jefferson et al. 2007)
  • 18. Example of Unconformity Uranium Deposit: Sue C From: Purepoint Uranium 2013 Corporate Presentation
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21. Athabasca Unconformity-Type Uranium Deposits Geophysical and Geochemical Methods Modified after Jefferson, 2007; Fogwill, 1985
  • 22. Trace and REE Elements in Athabasca Sandstone, Phoenix Deposit, Zone A and B
  • 24. Uranium Deposit Mineral Resource 133 123 106 105 88 70 61 60 58 56 41 41 30 29 18 17 16 14 14 13 12 12 11 6 6 5 4 2 2 2 2 1 1 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 McArthurRiver CigarLake EaglePoint Deilman-KeyLake PattersonLake* Millenium SheaCreek Phoenix Centennial* Gaertner-KeyLake RoughriderW/E Midwest CollinsBayB RabbitLake DawnLake SueC Tamarack CollinsBayA Horseshoe Dominique-Peter D-JSouthandWest JZone CluffLakeD McClean Raven CollinsBayD Claude JEB CluffLakeN SueA SueB MauriceBay Dominique-Janine WestBear Fond-du-Lac CluffLakeOP MMLbsU3O8 342 589 Athabasca Unconformity Uranium Deposit Mineral Resources
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27. Source: Cameco/UxC/Historical Uranium Spot and Long-Term Price Trend $0.00 $20.00 $40.00 $60.00 $80.00 $100.00 $120.00 $140.00 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Year $US/lbU3O8 Spot Long-Term GlobalRecession FukushimaDisaster
  • 28. U3O8 Resource 58.30 530.00 983.00 105.98 293.97 118.39 5 16 7 2 4 2 0.00 200.00 400.00 600.00 800.00 1000.00 1200.00 1960-1970 1970-1980 1980-1990 1990-2000 2000-2010 2010-2014 Date Range MMlbsU3O8 MM Lbs U3O8 # Deposits RabbitLake,CluffLake KeyLake,McCleanLake MidwestLake,EaglePoint CigarLake,McArthurRiver SheaCreek,Tamarack Phoenix,Roughrider,Millennium PattersonLake,J-Zone Date Range MM Lbs U3O8 # Deposits Major Uranium Discoveries 1960-1970 58.30 5 Rabbit Lake, Cluff Lake 1970-1980 530.00 16 Key Lake, McClean Lake, Midwest Lake, Eagle Point 1980-1990 983.00 7 Cigar Lake, McArthur River, Sue, JEB 1990-2000 105.98 2 Shea Creek, Tamarack 2000-2010 293.97 4 Phoenix, Roughrider, Millenium, Centennial 2010-2014 118.39 2 Patterson Lake, J-Zone
  • 29. Economic Uranium Deposit Discoveries in the Athabasca Basin referenced to the Spot Uranium Price and Exploration Expenditures
  • 30. Beaverlodge Deposit Model (Classical Vein-Type Uranium) Elliot Lake Deposit Model (Placer Uranium) Unconformity Deposit Model (Diagenetic-Hydrothermal Uranium) New Deposit Model (Unconformity Variants?) 1950 1960 1970 2010 Selective History of Paradigm Shifts in Uranium Exploration Process (Modified after Marlatt and Kyser, 2011) Prospector Driven Exploration Research/Model/Technology Driven Exploration 1980 1990 2000
  • 31. Athabasca Basin Uranium Exploration ‘Learning Curve’ (after Marlatt and Kyser, 2011) 300 m 600 m >900 m
  • 32. From: Fission Uranium Presentation 2014
  • 33. Contact Information Delio Tortosa, P.Eng., M.Sc. Geological Consultant Tel: 705 946-1040 Cell: 705 971-4768 Email: dtortosa@vianet.ca