Integrated child Development services scheme- India

1. Dr Soni Rani, PGT
Katihar Medical
College, Katihar

2. Introduction
• Children in the age group 0-6 years constitute
around 158 million of the population of India
(2011 census).
• These Children are the future human resource
of the country.
• Ministry of Women and Child Development is
implementing various schemes for welfare,
development and protection of children.

3. Department Of Women and Child
development
• Integrated child development services (ICDS)
scheme.
• Nutrition programme for adolescent girls.
• Nutrition Advocacy and Awareness General
Programs for Food and Nutrition Board (FNB)
• Follow up action on National Nutrition Policy
1993

4. Introduction
• Launched on 2nd October, 1975, the Integrated Child
Development Services (ICDS) Scheme is one of the
flagship programmes of the Government of India and
represents one of the world’s largest and unique
programmes for early childhood care and
development.
• It is the symbol of country’s commitment to its children
and nursing mothers to providing pre-school non-
formal education on one hand and breaking the vicious
cycle of malnutrition, morbidity, reduced learning
capacity and mortality on the other.

5. Objectives
1. To improve the nutritional and health status
of children in the age-group 0-6 years;
2. To lay the foundation for proper
psychological, physical and social
development of the child;
3. To reduce the incidence of mortality,
morbidity, malnutrition and school dropout;

6. Objectives
4. To achieve effective co-ordination of policy
and implementation amongst the various
departments to promote child development;
and
5. To enhance the capability of the mother to
look after the normal health and nutritional
needs of the child through proper nutrition
and health education.

7. Beneficiaries
The beneficiaries under the Scheme are
1. children in the age group of 0-6 years,
2. Pregnant women
3. lactating mothers
4. women in 15-45 years age group and
5. adolescent girls. ( Selected Blocks)

9. Beneficiary and Services
• Pregnant women
• Nursing Mothers
• Children less than 3 years
• Children between 3-6 years
• Adolescent girls( 11-18 years)
• Health check-ups, TT,
supplementary nutrition, health
education.
• Health check-us supplementary
nutrition, health education
• supplementary nutrition, health
check-ups, immunization,
referral services
• supplementary nutrition, health
check-ups, immunization,
referral services, non formal
education
• supplementary nutrition, health
education
BENEFICIARY SERVICES

10. Population Norms under ICDS
For AWCs in Rural/Urban Projects
 400-800 - 1 AWCc
 800-1600- 2 AWCs
 1600-2400- 3 AWCs
Thereafter in multiples of 800- 1 AWC.

11. Population Norms under ICDS
For Mini AWC
 150-400- 1 Mini AWC
For Tribal/Riverine/Desert, Hilly and other
difficult areas/ Projects
• 300-800- 1 AWC
• For Mini AWC
• 150-300- 1 AWC
Anganwadi on Demand (AOD)
Where a settlement has at least 40 children
under 6 years of age but no AWC

12. Funding Pattern
• Prior to 2005-06, providing of supplementary
nutrition was the responsibility of the States
and administrative cost was provided by the
Government of India as 100% central
assistance.
• The nutrition costs were meager and coverage
of the programme in all villages/habitations
was also limited and not universal.

13. Funding Pattern
• Since many States were not providing adequate
supplementary nutrition in view of resource
constraints, it was decided in 2005-06 to support
the States/UTs up to 50% of the financial norms
or to support 50% of expenditure incurred by
them on supplementary nutrition, whichever is
less.
• Since 2009- 10, Government of India has
modified the sharing pattern of the ICDS Scheme
between the Centre and States.

14. Funding Pattern
• The sharing pattern of supplementary nutrition in
respect of North Eastern States between Centre
and States has been changed from 50:50 to 90:10
ratios.
• In respect of other States/UTs, the existing
sharing pattern in respect of supplementary
nutrition is 50:50.
• The existing cost sharing ratio for other
components is 90:10 except the new components
approved under Strengthening & Restructuring
for which it is 75:25 (90:10 for NER).

15. THE ICDS TEAM ( District)
The ICDS team comprises the
• Anganwadi Workers(AWW)
• Anganwadi Helpers (Sahayika)
• Supervisors(LS)
• Child Development Project Officers (CDPOs)
• District Programme Officers (DPOs).

16. Anganwadi Worker:
• AWW maintains the growth chart of every
child and weighs each child under the age of 3
years each month.
• Children over the age of 3 years are assessed
with an upper mid-arm circumference
(MUAC).
• She organizes non-formal education for
children of 3-6 years age group.

17. Anganwadi Worker:
• She teaches mothers on health and nutrition.
• She coordinates with PHC staff for the health
checkup, immunization and referral of
suffering children.
• She provides treatment of minor illnesses.
• She carries out a quick sample survey of the
area and families to find out the total
beneficiaries.

18. Anganwadi Worker:
• She maintains all files and records of services
provided and growth of the children and
submit the report every month to Mukhya
Sevika.
• She organizes supplementary nutrition
feeding for children (0-6 years) and expectant
and lactating mothers by planning a menu
based on locally available foods.

19. Lady Supervisor/ Mukhya Sewika (MS)
• She is a full time worker who supervises the
work of 20, 25 and 17 anganwadi workers in
urban, rural and tribal projects respectively.
• She visits each anganwadi at least once a
month, and coordinates with lady health
visitor in nutritional and health activities.

20. Child Development Project Officer
(CDPO)
• For one project there is one CDPO who covers
one community development block having a
population of 80,000 to 120,000.
• S(h)e supervises, coordinates and guides the
work of entire ICDS project as an in-charge
and supervises 4-5 Mukhya Sevikas.
• He/she is assisted by one assistant CDPO.

21. Role of the Health Department
a) Health checkup
b) Handling the referrals from Anganwadi,
c) Immunization is carried out by health workers
female,

22. Role of the Health Department
d) Health and nutritional education,
e) Continuing education of ICDS staff, and
f) Monitoring of the health component of ICDS.

23. SERVICES UNDER ICDS

25. Services Target Group Services Provided By

26. Supplementary Nutrition
Beneficiary
Revised Rate( Per
beneficiary per
day)
Calorie/Day Protein( g)/Day
Children (6-
72months) 6.00 500 12-15
severely
underweight
Children (6-
72months)
9.00 800 20-25
Pregnant women
and Nursing
Mother
7.00 600 18-20

27. Revised Nutrition and Feeding Norms under
Supplemtary Nutrition Component of ICDS
• Provision of supplementary nutrition under the ICDS
Scheme is primarily made to bridge the gap between
the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) and the
Average Daily Intake (ADI) of children and pregnant and
lactating women.
• Under the revised Nutritional and Feeding norms
which have been made effective from February 2009,
State Governments/UTs have been requested to
provide 300 days of supplementary food to the
beneficiaries in a year which would entail giving more
than one meal to the children from 3 to 6 years who
visit AWCs.

28. Revised Nutrition and Feeding Norms
• This includes morning snacks in the form of
milk/banana/egg/seasonal fruits/micronutrient
fortified food followed by a hot cooked meal (HCM).
• For children below 3 years of age, pregnant and
lactating mothers, Take Home Rations (THRs) in the
form of premixes/ ready to eat food are provided.
• Besides, for severely underweight children in the age
group of 6 months to 6 years, additional food items in
the form of micronutrient fortified food and/or energy
dense food as THR is provided.
• These norms have also been endorsed by the Supreme
Court in order dated 22.04.2009.

29. Other schemes implemented through
ICDS.
• Kishori Shakti Yojana
• The Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment
of Adolescent Girls (RGSEAG)- Sabla
• Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana (IGMSY)

30. Kishori Shakti Yojana
• This scheme is a redesign of already existing adolescent
girls scheme which was being implemented in 507 ICDS
blocks.
• The Objectives are-
1. To improve the nutritional and health status of girls in the
age group of 11-18 years;
2. To provide the required literacy and numeracy skills
through the non-formal stream of education, to stimulate
a desire for more social exposure and knowledge and to
help them improve their decision making capabilities
3. To train and equip the adolescent girls to improve/
upgrade home-based and vocational skills;

31. Kishori Shakti Yojana
4. to promote awareness of health, hygiene,
nutrition and family welfare, home management
and child care, and to take all measure as to
facilitate their marrying only after attaining the
age of 18 years and if possible, even later;
5. to gain a better understanding of their
environment related social issues and the
impact on their lives; and
6. to encourage adolescent girls to initiate various
activities to be productive and useful members
of the society.

32. The Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of
Adolescent Girls (RGSEAG)- Sabla
• The objectives of the program are:
• Enable the Adolescent girls for self-
development and empowerment
• Improve their nutrition and health status.
• Promote awareness about health, hygiene,
nutrition, adolescent reproductive and sexual
health (ARSH) and family and child care.

33. The Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of
Adolescent Girls (RGSEAG)- Sabla
• Upgrade home-based skills, life skills and
integrate with the National Skill Development
Program (NSDP) for vocational skills.
• Mainstream out of school adolescent girls into
formal/ non formal education.
• Provide information/guidance about existing
public services such as PHC, CHC, Post Office,
Bank, Police Station, etc.

34. RGSEAG- Sabla
• An integrated package of services is to be
provided to adolescent girls as follows:
1. Nutrition provision
2. Iron and Folic Acid (IF A) supplementation
3. Health check-up and Referral services
4. Nutrition & Health Education (NHE)

35. RGSEAG- Sabla
5. Counseling/Guidance on family welfare,
ARSH. child care practices and home
management
6. Life Skill Education and accessing public
services
7. Vocational training for girls aged 16 and
above under NSDP.

36. Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana
(IGMSY)
 Objectives of IGMSY:
• To improve the health and nutrition status of Pregnant and
Lactating (P & L) women and their young infants by:
1) Promoting appropriate practices, care and service
utilization during pregnancy, safe delivery and lactation.
2) Encouraging women to follow (optimal) Infant and Young
Child Feeding (IYCF) practices including early and exclusive
breastfeeding for the first six months.
3) Contributing to better enabling environment by providing
cash incentives for improved health and nutrition to
pregnant and lactating women.

37. Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana
(IGMSY)
• Target beneficiaries:
1. P & L women of 19 years of age and above
for their first 2 live births.
2. All Government/Public Sector Undertakings
(Central and State) employees are excluded
from the Scheme as they are entitled for paid
maternity leave. The wives of such
employees are also excluded from the
Scheme.

38. Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana
(IGMSY)
3. Age, number of live births and employment
status would be as reported by the beneficiary.
In case of wrongful claim by the beneficiary, the
amount paid to her would be recovered. Failing
which, she will be liable for prosecution.
4. Pregnant and lactating AWWs and AWHs may
also avail the benefit under the Scheme if they
are not receiving paid maternity benefits from
the Government.

39. Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana
(IGMSY)
• Amount of payment and conditionality:
• The beneficiary will receive a total cash
incentive of 4000 in three installments,
subject to the fulfillment of specific
conditions.

40. • First Installment:
• Amount: 1500. Given only at the end of the 2nd trimester of
pregnancy i.e., completion of six months of pregnancy, on
fulfillment of all the five conditions mentioned below:
1. Pregnancy registered within 4 months at the AWC or Health
Centre (Sub-centre/ PHC/ CHC/ district hospital/ empanelled
private doctor under JSY).
2. Received at least one antenatal check-up (out of optimal 3).
3. Received IFA tablets.
4. Received at least one TT vaccination (out of optimal 2).
5. Received at least one counseling session at the AWC/ Village
Health and Nutrition Day (VHND)/Home Visit.

41. • Second Installment:
• Amount: 1500. Given only at the end of three
months of delivery on fulfilment of all the six
conditions mentioned below:
1. Child birth is registered.
2. Child has received Polio and BCG vaccination.
3. Child has received Polio and DPT-1 vaccination.
4. Child has received Polio and DPT-2 vaccination.
5. Child has been weighed at least two times after
birth (out of optimal 4 times including weighing at
birth).
6. After delivery, mother has attended at least two
IYCF counseling sessions at the AWC/VHND/Home
Visit (out of optimal 3 times).

42. • Third Installment:
• Amount: 1000. Given only when the infant completes six
months of age, on fulfilment of all the five conditions
mentioned below:
1. Child has been exclusively breastfed for first six months, unless
contraindicated by a medical doctor.
2. Child has been introduced complementary foods on completion of
age six months.
3. Child has received Polio and DPT-3 vaccination.
4. Child has been weighed at least two times between age 3 and 6
months (out of optimal 3)
5. Mother has attended at least two IYCF counseling sessions
between 3 and 6 months of lactation, at the AWC/VHND/Home
Visit (out of optimal 3).

43. • Special conditions:
1. If the beneficiary fulfils the conditions for the
1st installment, but undergoes a miscarriage
she may be given the 1st installment upon
producing proper documentation.
2. In the first year of implementation (i.e., up to
March 2011), the beneficiary can be enrolled
at any stage of pregnancy or lactation.
3. From 2011-12 onwards, a woman has to be
enrolled in the Scheme from the stage of
pregnancy, preferably within 4 months of
pregnancy, to avail the benefit of the Scheme
unless she gives reasons as to why she was
left out or did not register at AWC.

44. 3. The beneficiary will be given the 1st installment
only after the 2nd trimester is completed even if
the beneficiary has fulfilled the conditions for
the 1st installment earlier.
4. If the beneficiary has a still birth, she will be
eligible for the 2nd installment subject to
attending 2 counseling sessions for her own
health and well being.
5. If the beneficiary fulfills the conditions for the
2nd installment but the infant does not survive
between birth and 3 months of age, she will be
given the 2nd installment, upon producing
proper documentation to ensure it was not a
case of infanticide especially for the girl child.

45. 6. If the beneficiary on her first delivery gives
birth to live twins she can avail the benefit of
the Scheme only once (since the wage loss
and rest required would be only once).
7. If the beneficiary has one child and then in
second delivery gives birth to twins she can
avail the benefit of the Scheme for the
second time (even though there are now 3
children).
8. Beneficiary can receive the cash benefit of
the Scheme only from the AWC where the
beneficiary is registered

47. Evaluation of ICDS
• Conducted by NCAER( National Council For
Applied Economic Research).
• High performing states are- Andhra Pradesh,
Assam, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Himachal
Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand,
Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil nadu, Uttarakhand
and West Bengal.
• Poor performing states are- Bihar, Haryana,
Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.

48. Evaluation of ICDS
• 49% of eligible group is registered for ICDS
benefits.
• About 64% of children receive SNP out of total
children registered by AWW.
• Around 78% of pregnant and lactating women
and 42% of adolescent girls are recorded in
delivery register.
• Overall 42.5% of AWWs have their own building,
17.4% were in rented building, 17.3% were in
primary school building and 22.9% running in
Panchayat Bhawan, AWW own house.

49. Evaluation of ICDS
• 87% of AWW have drinking water supply, 69%
functional weighing scale.
• About 94% of AWW adequately trained for
preschool education.
• ICDS programme has positive impact on
Immunization coverage at national level.

50. Major Achievements Of ICDS
• Expenditure on the program was 3,103.08 crores
in 2007-08 and 4,306.82 crores in 2009-10.
• As against 2.27 crore beneficiaries until March
1997, there were 7.95 crore children below 6
years and 1.84 crore pregnant and lactating
mothers beneficiaries in by Oct 2011.
• I 2.86 lakh anganwadi centers (AWC) are
operational and up to 1.2lakhs AWCs more bring
set up.

51. Major Achievements Of ICDS (2012-
13)
• WHO growth Charts
• Mother and Child Protection card (MCP Card)
• Interactive voice response system
• ICDS system strengthening and nutrition
improvement projects( ISSNIP)

52. Strengthening and Restructuring of
ICDS( 12th five year Plan)
• Repositioning the AWC as a vibrant, child
friendly BCD centre (Baal Vikas Kendra) which
will ultimately be owned by women in the
community.
• This will have expanded/redesigned services,
extended duration (6 hours), with an
additional AWW provided initially in 200 high
burden districts and with piloting of crèche
services in 5 percent of AWCs.

53. Strengthening and Restructuring of
ICDS
• These would function as the first village outpost for
health, nutrition, early learning and other women and
child related services.
• This would include the provision of adequate
infrastructure, facilities such as safe drinking water,
toilets, hygienic SNP arrangements, wall painting, play
space and a joyful early learning environment including
provision for activity corners, and anchoring of other
services for maternal, child and care for out of school
adolescent girls through the Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for
Empowerment of Adolescent Girls.

54. Strengthening and Restructuring of
ICDS
• Re-designing and reinforcing of the package of
ICDS services, including a new component of
Child Care and Nutrition Counseling for mothers
of children under three years.
• Enhancing Nutritional Impact with revised
nutrition and feeding norms; ensuring provision
for nutritious, freshly cooked, culturally
appropriate meal, (morning) snack and Take
Home Rations in harmony with Supreme Court
directives and the IMS (and its Amendment)Act
and greater involvement of women's SHGs.

55. Strengthening and Restructuring of
ICDS
• Piloting of community kitchens and joint kitchens
with Mid Day Meals will also be undertaken.
• An innovative new component is SNEHA SHIVIRS
for promoting community based prevention and
care of severely undernourished children, backed
by stronger referral linkages with the health
system (Nutrition Rehabilitation Centres under
NRHM).

56. Strengthening and Restructuring of
ICDS
• Sneha Shivirs include 12 day Nutrition Care and
Counselling Sessions at AWCs, using positive role
model mothers, whose children are growing well,
for demonstrating positive care practices, cooking
and feeding, (with mothers‘ contribution} to
mothers of undernourished children in similar
community environments.
• Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana(IGMSY)-the
Conditional Maternity Benefit Scheme will be
expanded in the Twelfth Plan.

57. Strengthening and Restructuring of
ICDS
• Strengthening Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE)
by redefining ICDS non formal preschool education to
ECCD, with additional and trained human resources,
introduction of a developmentally appropriate curriculum
framework with joyful learning methodologies.
• Ensuring convergence with related sectors such as NRHM,
TSC, NRDWP, SSA, MGNREGA through joint planning,
inclusion of young child related concerns in State/District
Annual Programme.
• Implementation Plans (APIPs) of relevant sectors, joint
monitoring of key results and indicators and defined roles
and accountabilities.

58. Strengthening and Restructuring of
ICDS
• Institutional Reforms aim at transforming ICDS
into a "Mission Mode." decentralized program.
• Strengthening of ICDS Management Information
System (MIS).
• Integrated Child Development Services Systems
• Strengthening and Nutrition Improvement
Project (ISSNIP) will also be implemented in 162
high burden districts of 8 states, reinforcing the
strengthening and restructuring ICDS, and
enhancing child nutrition and development
outcomes.

59. THANKS