COVID-19, CORONA VIRUS, SARS.MERS, HUMAN CORONA VIRUS, CHARACTERISTICS OF CORONA VIRUS, HISTORY OF EPIDEMICS, TIMELINE OF COVID 19 OUTBREAK, GLOBAL SITUATION, INDIAN SITUATION, RISK ASSESSMENT OF COVID 19, SIGN AND SYMPTOMS, COMPLICATION, DIAGNOSIS, MANAGEMENT, PREVENTION, HAND HYGIENE, PPE, ONGOING RESEARCH OF ICMR, ISOLATION, QUARANTINE, SOCIAL DISTANCING

1. Dr. Pradip Kumar Jana
Scientist B( Medical)
1

2. Pretest
History of Epidemic
COVID 19
Coronavirus
Global Situation
India Situation
Risk Assessment
Sign and Symptoms
Diagnosis
Management
Safety and
Prevention
Research
Initiative
Discussion
2

3. “The initial cases of Novel Coronavirus (2019-
nCov) infected pneumonia (NCIP) occurred in
Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019
and January.”
3

4. 4

5. 5

6. COVID-19
CO – Corona
VI – Virus
D – Disease
 “WHO wanted a name that doesn’t refer to
a geographical location, animal, an
individual or a group of people.”
6

7.  Coronaviruses are a large family of
viruses that are common in many
different species of animals,
including camels, cattle, cats, and
bats.
 Rarely, animal coronaviruses can infect
people and then spread between
people such as with MERS and SARS.
7

8. Seven strains
1)Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E)
2)Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43)
3)Human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63, New Haven
coronavirus)
4)Human coronavirus HKU1
5) SARS-CoV
6)Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS- CoV),
previously known as novel coronavirus2012 and HCoV-EMC.
7)Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), also known as Wuhan
pneumonia or Wuhan coronavirus
8

9.  Family: Coronaviridae
 Genus: Betacoronavirus
 Genome: (+) sense, single stranded RNA, 32
kilobases long (the LARGEST RNA virus genome)
 Capsid: long flexible coiled helix, 10 - 20
nanometers in diameter

11. Ref: The New England Journal of Medicine: Na Zhu et al. 11

12. Dec 31,2019, Clusters of cases pneumonia of
unknown origin reported to China National Health
Commission
Jan 1 Seafood
market closed
Jan 5 WHO advised against
travel restrictions
Jan 11 first Coronavirus death
reported
Jan 13 first case in Thailand reported
March 12 First Death
from India
Feb 11, WHO gave name to new
Coronavirus disease: COVID-19
Jan 12 Named as 2019-nCoV Whole
genome sequence shared with WHO
Jan 7 Novel Coronavirus
isolated
Jan 31 WHO declared PHEIC
Jan 30 First case from Kerala
March 11 WHO declare
Pandemic 12

13.  Affected Country and Territory:
167
Confirmed cases: 199,106
Death:7,992
Recovered:82,782
13

14. 14As on 17/03/2020

15. STAGE 2 OUTBREAK
Passengers screened at airport :
13,93,301
Confirmed cases: 151
Discharged/Cured cases : 14
Deaths due to COVID 2019 : 3
Maharashtra:45
Kerala: 27
15
As on 17/03/2020

16. 16
As on 17/03/2020

17. 17
As on 17/03/2020

18.  Mode of transmission-
Human to human (currently)
 Incubation period-
 Upto 14 days (2-14 days), the
average incubation period is 5.2
days
 Reproduction Number(R°)=??
18

19.  Mortality Rate: ???
19

20. 20

21. Fever(83-98%)
Cough(76-82%)
Fatigue(38%)
Coughing up
sputum(33%)
Shortness of
breath(19%)
Bone or Joint Pain(15%)
Headache(14%)
Sore throat(14%)
 Nausea or vomiting(5%)
 Stuffy nose(5%)
Diarrhea(4%)
21

22.  Nanshan Chen et al.
“Epidemiological
and clinical
characteristics of
99 cases of 2019
novel coronavirus
pneumonia in
Wuhan, China: a
descriptive study”
22

23. 23

24.  Pneumonia
 ARDS
 Acute cardiac Injury
 Arrythmias
 Secondary Infection
 AKI
 Septic Shock
 DIC
 Death
24

25.  People of all ages have been infected, but the
mortality rate is much higher in people older than 80
 Children can also become severely infected
 Highest risk:
1)Healthcare worker
2)People in close contact with affected persons
3)People traveling from affected locations
4)Elderly people
5)People with diabetes, heart disease,or compromised
immune systems 25

26. real-time PCR
a)Screening assay: E gene assay
b)Confirmatory assay:RdRp, ORF gene
assay
26

27. VRDLs functional
72
Newly opened lab
NCDC Lab
27As on 17/03/2020

28.  Current testing
capacity: 4590/day
 Total test done:9100
 Estimated test per day
currently less than1000
28

29. Direct close physical contact of
# laboratory confirmed positive
case
History of travel in last 14 days to
high risk COVID affected
countries*
Home quarantine for 14
days
Symptomatic within 14 days No symptoms
Laboratory test No laboratory test
# A person with
laboratory
confirmation of
COVID-19 infection,
irrespective of
clinical
signs and
symptoms.
* China
Hong Kong
Republic of
Korea
Japan
Italy
Thailand
Singapore
Iran
Malaysia
France
Spain
Germany
UAE
Qatar
Oman
Kuwait
29

30. Treatment
a) No specific antiviral treatment
b) Supportive care; ventilatory support
c) Currently no vaccine is available
Prevention
 Respiratory and hand hygiene
 Use of PPE
 Avoid travel to affected areas
 Safe food practices
30

31.  W= Wash Hand and practice respiratory
Hygiene
 U= Use of PPE
 H= Have proper and safe diet
 A= Avoid large crowd and travel to affected area.
 N= Never hide flue like symptoms
31

32.  Hand washing is the single most
effective way to prevent the
spread of communicable
diseases.
 Standard six step Hand Washing
 Five moments of Hand washing
32

33.  Correct use of Mask
 Correct use of Gloves
 Eye Googles
 Aprons/Gowns
 Hair covers
 Shoe covers
33

34. 34

35. 35

36. Published Articles: IJMR
1) Tarun Bhatnagar et al.
“Lopinavir/ritonavir
combination therapy amongst
symptomatic coronavirus
disease 2019 patients in
India: Protocol for restricted
public health emergency use”
36

37. 2)“Transmission electron microscopy imaging
of SARS-CoV-2”
3) “Ethics preparedness for infectious disease
outbreaks research in India: A case for novel
coronavirus disease 2019”
4) “Guidance for building a dedicated health facility
to contain the spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus
outbreak”
37

38. 1)Prudent public health intervention strategies to
control the COVID-19 transmission in India:
Mathematical model-based approach
2)Review: The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Outbreak: A Review of the Current Evidence
3)Review: Perspectives for repurposing drugs for
the Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
38

39. 4)”Laboratory preparedness for 2019 Novel
Coronavirus COVID-19 testing in India: Harnessing a
network of Virus Research and Diagnostic
Laboratories”
5)”Phylogeny, molecular characterization and
identification of epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 genomic
sequences from India”
6)”Need for integrated surveillance at human-animal
interface for rapid detection and response to
emerging corona viral infections using One Health
39

40. 7)”Correspondence: First report of 2019-novel
Corona virus from India”
8)”Full genome sequences of the first two SARS-
CoV-2 viruses from India”
9)”COVID-19: Impact on health of people and wealth
of nations”
10)”Correspondence: Development of In vitro
transcribed RNA (IVT RNA) as positive control for
Laboratory diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in India” 40

41. 41

42. a woman”
42